• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.331-337
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• 2001

The effect of Phellinus linteus methanol extract on the lipid metabolism in the liver of rat was investigated in this study. Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including the control, $CCl_4$and high fat group plus sub-groups with Phellinus linteus methanol extract administration. Methanol extracts of Phellinus linteus were fed 50mg/kg B.W daily via drinking water. A 1.2mL of $CCl_4/kg$ body weight was administered by oral intubation twice a week for total six times. The administration of $CCl_4$ increased total cholesterol, TG, LDL and LDL-phospholipid. However, the level of liver cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly decreased while HDL-cholesterol was increased by the extract feeding. The activities of GOT, GPT, AP and LDH were greatly enhanced by the extract feeding. Electronmicrograph showed that $CCl_4$ treatment deteriorated the structure of cytoplasmic matrix with its uneven distribution. However, the extract treatment reconstituted the damaged cytoplasm and stimulated mitochondriagenesis. From these results, it was suggested that Phellinus linteus can help to recover the damaged liver function and further may help to prevent senescence diseases such as fatty liver, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.445-453
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• 1994

Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were cultured with different levels of carotenoids in odor to investigate the feeding effect of ascidian tunic extracts on the liver fatty acid compositions of them. Dominant monoenoic fatty acids of the ascidian tunic extracts were 16:1n-7($5.9\%$), 18:1n-9($21.9\%$), and 18:1n-7($3.5\%$) and polyenoic fatty acids of them were linoleic(18:2n-6, $14.2\%$), eicosapentaenoic(20:5n-3, $3.5\%$), and docosahexaenoic acid(22:6n-3, $8.3\%$). The compositions of fatty acid in the liver lipids were affected by the tunic extract levels during the feeding. The percentage of monoenoic acids in extract diets was decreased, and that of n-3PUFA was increased during feeding 2 weeks. But the n-3PUFA contents were decreased in 4 weeks. The 20:4n-6 content in rainbow trout fed extract diet was higher than that in the control and pink diet groups. The rainbow trout fed with ascidian tunic extracts showed an increase of essential fatty acids in the fish tissue, compared to the control or pink diet feeding groups.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.497-508
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• 2006

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information on rice cold damage and relationship to be connected with cold tolerance. The 20 rice varieties were screened to cold tolerance under low water temperature condition. The water gradient were controlled to $17^{\circ}C$ at the inlet and $21^{\circ}C$ at outlet of screening field. In the relationship between cold water irrigation and growth of rice varieties, effect on medium maturing cultivars were higher than early maturing cultivars. In relationship of shorting of culm length and panicle exsertion, culm length and panicle exsertion showed positive correlation. Yield of cultivars and culm length and percent of fertile grain showed positive correlation. However, heading date presented negative correlation. In the early maturing cultivars, except 'Kumobyeo', all cultivars range of discoloration value (1-3) was resistant. In the medium maturing cultivars, 'Donghaebyeo' was resistant in both the seedling stage whereas 'Hwajinbyeo' was resistant only in tiller stage. Cold water irrigation reduced spikelet number per panicle and percent of filled grain. Unhulled rice yield was increased according to water temperature gradient from inlet to outlet. There was varietal differences in head rice recovery by cold water treatment.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.952-958
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• 2014

The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Sparassis crispa (SC) on mice fed a high-fat (HF, 45 kcal% fat) diet. Mice were fed either a normal control diet and an HF diet or an HF diet supplemented with SC (1%, 3%, and 5%) for 12 weeks. The consumption of an HF diet compared to the NC group resulted in increases in body weight, the food efficiency ratio (FER), retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fat weights, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, fecal fat, and liver lipids. However, the administration of SC significantly decreased body weight gain, food intake, FER, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and liver lipids in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, treatment with 5% SC significantly reduced the occurrence of fatty liver deposits and steatosis, which are associated with the increased adipocyte size in mice fed an HF diet. Therefore, these results suggested that dietary supplementation with SC exerts anti-obesity effects and could be used as a functional food to control obesity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.133-144
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• 2024

To review active climate change responses, especially adjustments to the transplanting time, seven varieties of early-maturing ecotypes grown at Sangju sub-station, located in a mid-mountainous region, were studied from 2007 to 2022. During the ripening stage (July 29 to October 17), the average temperature was 23.2℃, which was a relatively disadvantageous environment compared to the optimal ripening temperature of 20 to 22℃. The heading date of early-growing cultivars was greatly shortened by 10 days for both normal (May 20) and late (June 5) transplanting. In an analysis of the growth characteristics and yield components, the culm and panicle length, number of spikelets/panicles, and the ripening rate showed high variation without a constant tendency over the study period. However, the number of panicles/plants and the ratio of brown rice increased, regardless of the transplanting time, while the 1,000-grain weight tended to decrease. There were no significant differences in yield observed between the two transplanting times, except for some years. Therefore, based on various variables, such as growth, yield, and quality (although not assessed in this study), the shift in transplanting time for early-maturing varieties in the mid-mountainous region from the current time (May 20) to a later time (June 2) needs to be considered to cope with the future impacts of climate change.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.49-67
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• 2017

Objective : Heavenly stems and Earthly branches is a tool used for understanding the virtue of Yin Yang and Five elements. Korean medicine understands the changes in Wuyun through the Ten Heavenly stems, and understand the changes of Liuqi through the Twelve Earthly branches. An accurate understanding of the definitions of Heavenly Stems and Earthly branches and the concept of each of the 10 stems is of vital importance. Method : The paper first reviews the origin, history, and significance of the Heavenly stems and Earthly branches before studying the definitions of the stems and branches as laid out in the works of Yu Onseo, Lee Samun, and Han Dongseok. The paper then reviewed the concept of the each of the ten stems through researching the texts of Seoulmunhaeja, the annotations of the four great Seolmuns, and the texts of Jeongyeokwonui. Result & Conclusion : Heavenly stems and Earthly branches have been in use since more than 6,000 years ago. The central numbers in the changes of Heaven and Earth are five and six. Each number functions with duality, yin and yang, meaning there are ten Heavenly numbers ($5{\times}2=10$) and 12 Earthly numbers ($6{\times}2=12$) which oversees all of the cosmic changes. Stems become the body and signifies water. Branches become the use and signifies divided fire. The meanings of the letters Gab Eul Byeong Jeong Mu Gi Gyeong Sin Im Gye originate from the one year life of a tree which grows, bears fruits, processes Yang qi, and awaits for the next spring. The reason a tree is used is because there is nothing better in studying in detail the changes of a living being through a year.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.22-36
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• 2024

In 1993, a large number of relics was found in Cheongju Sanesa Buddhist Temple. They show superiority as bronze-based products, and are especially important in since they provide much information about the time of their creation. However, there are many opinions about the time they were hoarded: in the middle of the 13^th century, late in the 13^th century, early in the 14^th century, etc. This study estimates the time they were hoarded to be some time in April 1291 during the invasion of Kădīn (哈丹) in the Yuan Dynasty. Kădīn's troops invaded the Goryeo Dynasty, then went through Yangpyeong and Wonju in January 1291 and appeared in Yeongi-hyeon on May 1 of that year. Based on records, this study verified that the troops passed through Cheongju on their way from Chungju to Yeongi-hyeon (currently Sejong-si) and pointed out that the invasion route of the troops was the background for the hoarding of Sanesa relics. The estimation that the Sanesa relics were hoarded in 1291 when Kădīn's invasion was going on makes it possible to reasonably clear up the era of the relics in which the Heavenly Stems called gānzhī (干支) Muo (戊午), Gyeongshin (庚申), Giyu(己酉) etc. were written. That is, Giyu Geumgo is presumed to be the year 1249, Muo Hyangro 1258, Gyeongshin Hyangwan 1260, etc.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.8 s.86
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• pp.163-170
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• 2005

The paper has developed a methodology of calculating accessibility in bus network by using a space syntax technique. The purpose is an effective analysis of accessibility improvement before and after Seoul bus reorganization. Space syntax methodology has an advantage to calculate easily network connectivity and accessibility. However, it also has a weakness not to consider the distance and travel time for calculating accessibility. As a result, we have developed a hybrid of the space syntax methodology and the travel time measures. This method has been applied to evaluate the accessibility before and after the hierarchical bus systems introduced in Kangnam area of Seoul.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2004

자동 부하 전환 개폐기는 일반적으로 주 전원의 전압 상태를 감시하여 주 전원의 정전이나, 저 전압 이 감지 될 때 주 전원을 개방시키고, 예비 전원으로 신속하게 전환 시킬 수 있는 구동 메커니즘이 필요하며, 주 전원이 정상 상태로 복구되면 다시 예비 전원에서 주 전원으로의 신속한 전환이 요구 되어진다. 본 논문에서 연구되는 자동 부하 전환 개폐기의 구동부는 1개의 구동력으로 2개 선로의 스위치를 동시에 조작하게 할 수 있는 링크 구조와 동작 원리를 간지고 있으며, 이 동작을 안정적이고 신뢰도 높게 조작하기 위해서 개폐기 구동부의 동특성을 구현할 수 있는 동적 모델로 검증하여 재작하였다. 보다 정확한 모델 수립을 위하여 기구 동작 시에 발생하는 부품들 사이의 충돌, 마찰, 유연성 등의 많은 동적특성들을 정밀하게 모사 할 수 있는 유연 다물체 동역학을 적용하였으며, 검증하였다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 2017

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of small and medium sized arteries. Even many years after onset, aneurysms and stenosis in coronary arteries may lead to an acute myocardial infarction, which is described as atypical or missed KD in childhood. KD is an underlying disease of young adults with acute myocardial infarction. We report on a rare case involving a total occlusion in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery combined with a giant left main aneurysm in a young adult patient with acute myocardial infarction ascribed to antecedent KD that is undefined but almost certain.