• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1560-1566
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• 2017

Recently, accumulation of data on pig farm is enabled through the wide spread of smart pig farm equipped with Internet-of-Things based sensors, and various machine learning algorithms are applied on the data in order to improve the productivity of pig farm. Herein, multiple machine learning schemes are used to predict the water usage in pig farm which is known to be one of the most important element in pig farm management. Especially, regression algorithms, which are linear regression, regression tree and AdaBoost regression, and classification algorithms which are logistic classification, decision tree and support vector machine, are applied to derive a prediction scheme which forecast the water usage based on the temperature and humidity of pig farm. Through performance evaluation, we find that the water usage can be predicted with high accuracy. The proposed scheme can be used to detect the malfunction of water system which prevents the death of pigs and reduces the loss of pig farm.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.573-573
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• 2016

우리나라의 하천 및 호소에 유입되는 오염물질 중 약 30% 이상이 농업(경종 축산)활동 등에 의한 비점오염원이며 특히, 축산비점오염원에 대한 관리는 관련 분야의 특징에 대한 정확한 이해를 바탕으로 국내 실정에 적합하고 현실적인 정책과 제도를 개발하여 적용하는 것이 필요하다. 실질적인 정책과 제도의 개선안 수립 적용을 위해서는 축산비점오염물질 배출에 대한 신뢰성 있는 정량화가 선행되어야 하나, 모니터링 자료가 충분하지 못하여 실측자료에 근거한 부하량 평가가 어렵고, 토지이용, 강우강도, 경사도 등에 따른 비점오염물질과 수계 유입되는 유달부하량 정량화에 대한 연구사례는 적은편이다. 따라서 국내 실정에 적합하고, 현실적으로 적용 가능한 정책 및 제도 개선안 마련을 위해서는 합리적인 오염 배출량 자료와 저감방법에 근거하여 현실적인 대안을 도출하는 연구가 필요하다. 또한 이러한 실정을 파악하기 위해서는 국내 축산 밀집지역을 대상으로 하여 강우시와 비강우시 오염물질들의 유출 특성 및 배출농도에 대한 기초자료가 필요하며 이를 토대로한 특성파악이 가장 우선시 되어야 할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 축산밀집지역인 정읍시 덕천면의 덕천천 유역일대를 대상으로 하여 강우시는 년 5회 비강우시는 년10회 모니터링을 통해 기초데이터를 구축하였으며 유역특성을 고려하여 총 8개 지점을 선정하여 조사하였다. 모니터링 결과 비강우시의 수질농도 평균값을 살펴보면, BOD, T-N, T-P 의 경우 모두 상류지점에서 하류로 가면서 점점 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 축사 밀집지역인 상류지역서 가장 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 강우시의 경우 하류부분에서 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 가축자원화시설이 위치한 지점부터 높아진 후 하류로 갈수록 점점 농도가 증가된다. T-N의 경우 축사와 농경지가 밀집되어 있는 포함하는 지점에서 높은 값을 기록하였으며, 유량이 많아지는 하류지점에서 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. T-P의 경우도 BOD와 마찬가지로 하류지점에서 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.243-243
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• 2017

산업화에 따른 온실가스 배출량 증가는 심각한 기후변화의 원인으로 작용하여 우리나라를 포함한 전세계는 이에 대응하고자 노력하고 있다. 지구온난화 및 엘리뇨 현상 등으로 인하여 가뭄, 홍수, 한파, 혹서 등의 재해와 기상이변이 속출하고, 최근 들어서는 우리나라의 경우 매년 가뭄이 발생하고 있어 이에 대한 대책이 시급한 실정이다. IPCC 제5차 평가보고서에 의하면 최근 10년간 전세계 온실가스 배출량은 이전보다 급격이 증가하였고, 우리나라 온실가스 총배출량도 1990년대에 비해 약 100% 이상 증가하는 것으로 보고되었다. 또한, 농촌지역에서의 주요 기후변화 영향은 농업용수의 가용성과 적정 공급, 식량 안보, 농업 소득 등에 영향을 미치게 되며 농업이나 물, 산림, 생물 다양성 등을 위한 추가적인 적응 대책을 농촌지역의 발전을 위한 의사결정 차원의 정책으로 실행할 필요가 있다고 제언하고 있다. 미국, 영국, 일본 등 주요 선진국에서는 기후변화 관련 법적, 제도적 근거를 마련하여 자국의 기후변화 적응 프로그램을 이미 시행하고 있으며, 우리나라도 기후변화에 대비하기 위하여 체계적인 현실적인 적응 전략 도출을 위한 필요기술을 개발함으로서 농업용수 뿐만 아니라 수자원 관리 기술 및 시설물의 적응 역량을 강화하는 것이 절실한 실정이다. 농업분야에 있어서는 "농업 농촌 및 식품산업 기본법"의 제47조의2, 시행령 제19조의2 제1항, 시행규칙 제5조에 의하여 "기후변화가 농업에 미치는 영향과 기후변화에 따른 취약성 조사 평가"에 관한 기준을 제정하였다. 이러한 법적 근거를 바탕으로 농촌진흥청에서는 작물, 병해충, 가축 등을 대상으로 실태조사를 실시하고 있으며, 기후변화 영향 및 취약성 평가 결과보고서를 5년마다 제출하도록 고시하였다. 농업생산기반시설물 역시 기후변화에 따른 취약성을 평가하고 이를 위한 실태조사를 실시하도록 법적 근거가 마련되었는 바, 본 연구에서는 농업용 저수지의 재해 취약성 평가지표를 개발하고, 기후변화 시나리오에 의한 미래 농업용수 수문량을 산정하여 농업용 저수지의 재해 취약성 변화를 분석하고자 한다.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.97-110
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• 2023

In this study, we propose a technique to automatically generate transfer documents using sensor data from livestock manure transfer systems. The research involves analyzing sensor data and applying machine learning techniques to derive optimized outcomes for livestock manure transfer documents. By comparing and contrasting with existing documents, we present a method for automatic document generation. Specifically, we propose the utilization of Gradient Boosting, a machine learning algorithm. The objective of this research is to enhance the efficiency of livestock manure and liquid byproduct management. Currently, stakeholders including producers, transporters, and processors manually input data into the livestock manure transfer management system during the disposal of manure and liquid byproducts. This manual process consumes additional labor, leads to data inconsistency, and complicates the management of distribution and treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to leverage data to automatically generate transfer documents, thereby increasing the efficiency of livestock manure and liquid byproduct management. By utilizing sensor data from livestock manure and liquid byproduct transport vehicles and employing machine learning algorithms, we establish a system that automates the validation of transfer documents, reducing the burden on producers, transporters, and processors. This efficient management system is anticipated to create a transparent environment for the distribution and treatment of livestock manure and liquid byproducts.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.248-255
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• 2011

For the environmental friendly soil management on the cultivation of crops in the greenhouse, organic materials, such as the by product-fertilizer derived from livestock manure, rice straw, mushroom media, rice hulls, wood sawdust, and cocopeat, were used as carbon sources adjusting the ratio of carbon to nitrogen to 10, 20, and 30 based on the inorganic soil N. In each C/N ratio of greenhouse soil, watermelon was cultivated in the greenhouse as crop for experiment for the spring and summer of the year and the experimental results were summarized as follows. The concentration of T-C in the organic materials applied were between $289{\sim}429g\;kg^{-1}$, In the C/N ratio of 10, using watermelon as the crop cultivated during the second half of the year in the greenhouse soil, the $NO_3$-N and EC were reduced by 21 to 37%, and 26 to 33%, respectively, except the by product-fertilizer from livestock manure, compared to the soil $NO_3$-N and EC used in the experiment. After the watermelon was cultivated in soils that C/N ratios were controlled as 10, 20, and 30 with wood sawdust adding as carbon sources in the three soils with the different EC values, EC values of the soils were reduced by 33, 42, and 39%, respectively, compared to the soil EC used in the experiment. The weight of watermelon was 10.1-13.4 kg per one unit, and, of the three soils with different EC values. In the soils with three different EC values controlled at C/N ratio of 20, the weight of watermelon was good. The degree of sugar of watermelon were 11.8 to 12.3 Brix, which means that the difference between the treatments was not significant. In conclusion, the C/N ratio of 20 controlled by the proper supply of organic materials according to the representative EC values shown in the greenhouse soils was optimal condition enough to maintain the soil management for the organic culture with the proper nutrient cycling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.225-227
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• 2018

This research paper examines the history and present of 'temporary passengers' prescribed in Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations and suggests improvement plans referring to the examples of legislation of other countries. In 2015, Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries made authoritative interpretation that Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations, which prescribes special cargo drivers such as agricultural, marine or livestock vehicles as temporary passengers, is applied only to passenger ships and not to cargo ships such including Ro-Ro cargo ships. As the authoritative interpretation of the Ministry does not agree with not only the traditional interpretational methodology but also the interpretational methodology that are commonly used today, it lacks logical basis and looks unpersuasive. Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations can be applied not only on passenger ships but also on cargo ships. Also in case of Ro-Ro cargo ships, it is logically contradictory and against fairness not to acknowledge special cargo vehicle drivers as temporary passengers when there is no problem with safe navigation and safety of passengers on board even when the sailor, the sailor's family and the ship owner may be acknowledged as temporary passengers. To avoid unnecessary disputes and lawsuits, improvement plans using theory of legislation through statutory reform is more desirable. Therefore, the P aragraph should be amended to "Supercargo who deals with cargo that requires special care due to the characteristics of the cargo, such as transportation vehicles for agricultural products, marine products, livestock, explosives or flammable materials (drivers can serve as supercargos)" to reflect the distinct characteristics of cargo and ship navigation in Korea including the current distribution system, while setting an objective standard based on common sense of ordinary people and not on arbitrary interpretation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 1992

Forage grasses and legumes ar$\varepsilon$ the mam component of livestock diets in Canada. There are over 30 million ha of grassland in Canada and there is a large, undeveloped land base in fringe areas suitable for forage production. The short growing s season limits the grassland farming to the southern p parts of Canada. The win!er season is long and in most parts of Canada cold temperatures, fr$\varepsilon$ezmg, and thawing, and diseases exert sever$\varepsilon$ stress on overwintering forage plants. The development of persistent cultivars is essential for sustained production particularly in the fringe areas with short growmg s$\varepsilon$ason. The seasonality of dry matter production is a result of high growth rates in early summ$\varepsilon$r and low dry matter accumulation in late summer and fall. Innovative management practIces a and cultivars with improved regrowth capacity are n necessary to overcome such skewed production pattern and to extend effiectlVe grazmg season l Improved pasture production is an important part of reducing costs in livestock operations and remaining competitive. It is suggested that applying available technology would increase pasture productivity and reduce d$\varepsilon$pendence on stored feeds thus improving profitability of small producers in particeular. Reducing nutrient losses during harv$\varepsilon$stmg, s storage, and feeding is essential for improved production efficiency during confinement. The devclopment of low cost and labor saving methods of ensiling is critical for improved efficiency and profitability of forage based enterprises Livestock industries must respond to consumer preferences for low fat and cholesterol foods. Research and development of entire production systems is emphasized for dev$\varepsilon$loping viabl$\varepsilon$ enterprises. It is increasingly difficult to secure resources for r$\varepsilon$search, education, and extension, and alliane$\varepsilon$s and cooperation must expand among organizations with interests in forage based livestock systems.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2009

Colostrum provide a complete diet for the newborn calves. In ruminants, colostrum is also the sole source of initial acquired immunity for the offspring. Colostrum, therefore, plays an important role in ruminants host defense. Bovine colostrum imparts passive immunity to newborn calves during the first 24h of life and generally has been fed for the first 3 days after birth. Colostrum can be preserved conveniently for future use by brief refrigeration, freezing, or storage at ambient temperatures (fermentation or chemical treatment). Colostrum management were surveyed via data collection from 67 dairy farms in Gyeonggi and Chungnam provinces. After parturition for five days the total amount of produced colostrum was 80.4 kg on average, and the average amount of lactation fed to a calf was 20.9 kg. According to the survey results, identified treatment methods for surplus colostrum are as follows; disposal 17.9%, other calf feeding 37.3%, storage 22.4%, other livestock feeding 20.9% and other treatment 1.5%. For improvement in the quality of colostrum, there must be controlled usage of medicines (such as antibiotics) before and after parturition, proper choices of milk-drying agents, and increased milking yields during the early stage of the milking period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2015

Recently the dairy cow industry have faced environmental issues such as eutrophication, global warming, etc. An LCA was used to quantify the environmental impact of a dairy cow system and to identify key issues contributing to the impact. The system boundary crop cultivation for feeding dairy cow, feed production, rearing and manure management (cradle-to-gate). The functional unit was 1 kg of milk (fat protein corrected milk, FPCM) produced. Rearing and cultivation of feed crops stages in system boundary to the environmental impact of the domestic dairy cow system were dominant issues. Techniques such as suppression of enteric fermentation, improvement of the energy efficiency of farm equipment and apparatuses, management of leachate generated during the crop cultivation, and development of controling the loss of fertilizer during crop production would be necessary for the improvement of the environmental key issues of the dairy cow system.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of microbial complex diets on improvement of air quality in finishing pig building. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations were significantly(p<0.05) decreased by dietary supplementation of 0.1% level of microbial complex compared with those of control according to the time in the finishing pig building. Characteristics of piggery liquid slurry that total nitrogen and $NH_3-N$ of treatment were reduced relatively compared with those of control, and were decreased depending on the time. In conclusion, the result obtained from this study suggest that the dietary supplementation of microbial complex for finishing pigs may improve environment in the finishing pig building.