• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.109-142
• /
• 2005

This paper examines the changes in family values in Korea by examining values of children, socialization values, and social support of elderly parents with young and olders mothers. A total of 314 mothers of infants (young mothers) and 395 mothers of adolescents (older mothers) completed a questionnaire compiled by Schwarz, Chakkarath, Trommsdorff, Schwenk and Nauck(2001) comprising of values of children, cultural values, socialization values, interpersonal relationship, social support, stress, and life-satisfaction. In terms of values of children, the older mothers are more likely to emphasize social values, such as continuing the family line. Young mothers are more likely to emphasize psychological values, such as the pleasure of seeing a child grow. As for reasons for net wanting to have children, young mothers are more likely to point out personal constraints than older mothers, such as restriction of freedom. Second, older mothers are more likely than young mothers to express willingness to provide support for their children and even when their children become adults. Older mothers had a more lenient expectation of their children in terms developmental timetable and to expect support from their children when compared with young mothers. Young mothers are more likely to socialize their children with greater warmth and at the same time have higher child-rearing stress when compared to older mothers. Third, when compared with older mothers, young mothers are more likely to receive practical and emotional support from their parents. On the other hand, older mothers are more likely to provide greater practical and emotional support to their parents than the young mothers. Overall, compared to young mothers, older mothers are more likely to hold traditional and conservative values of children and socialization values. These contrasting values reflect the changes in family structure and social change that have been progressing rapidly in recent years.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.606-616
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted in order to identify factors affecting opinions on marriage of unmarried women in their 30's in Korea. Analysis of data on 529 unmarried women in their 30's, which were taken from the 2012 social survey, was analyzed. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$ test, hierarchical logistic regression analysis as well as descriptive statistics by SPSS version 20.0. Results showed that age(Exp(b)=.90,p=.025), opinions on divorce(Exp(b)=3.81,p<.001) and remarriage(Exp(b)=3.09,p=.001), and value on marriage(Exp(b)=.80,p<.001) were independent predictors of opinions on marriage. Economic activity(Exp(b)=19.58,p=.003) was found to be an independent predictor of opinions on marriage for the 35-39 year old women differ from 30-34 year old women predictors. Findings of this study indicate a need for developing family and marriage value-centered education and the low-fertility policy for the 35-39year old actively working women considering factors affecting opinions on marriage.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.303-322
• /
• 1991

The aim of present study was to explore there were relationships among familism(collectivism vs. individualism), filial responsibility, and helping behavior of the middle-aged women towards parents. The respondents were 552 married women in their thirties, forties and fifties. OK Sun-hwa(1989)'s Seelbach (1978)'s, Cicirelli (1983)'s and Chang Sun-ju(1989)'s scale were utilized to tap the familism, filial responsibility, and helping behavior of the middle age daughter and daughter in low respectively. The major results of the study were summerized as follows; 1) Married women perceived relatively high levels of familism and filial responsibility and a moderate level of helping towards their parents and in-law parents as well. Among the demographic variables, education, income and age of the married daughters and daughters-in-law were found to be correlated to both familism and filial responsibility of support for their parents, Also, education and age were negatively related to helping behaviors. 2) Marred women reported similar levels of filial responsibility of support towards parents in law and their own parents, However significant difference were found between the amounts of helping behavior towards parents-in-law and their own parents. 3) Regression analysis revealed that living arrangement(living with parents or not ), the level of filial responsibility , and education level provided to be significant predictors on the helping behavior towards parent-in-law explaining 46% of the total variance. On the other hand, filial responsibility , living pattern, and income level for the parents were powerflu in predicting helping behavior towards their own parents accounting 24% of the total explained variance. 4) A path analysis model indicated that while educational level and living arrangement influenced directly to helping behavior toward parent-in-law, living arrangement, income level of parents and familism were directly associated with helping behavior for parents of their own. Therefor , helping behavior of the middles aged women was significantly mediated by familism and filial responsibility for support towards both parents-in-law and their own parents.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.45-65
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the trend of the familism and the awareness of parent-supporting, showing how personal background variables affect the familism and how the familism affect the awareness of parent-supporting, The data were collected from May 20, 1998 till June 5, 1998 for 621 college students consisted of 300 male strdents and 321 female students. SOSS-PC was used for data analysis, and the data were tested by ANOVA, t-Test, Pearson's Correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis, and Duncan Test. The major findings are as follows: 1) The college students' familism generally tends to show low scores (M=2.79), indicating the modern familism-individualism. 2) The college students' awareness of parent-supporting is reported to be high(M=4.23); the highest awareness of parent-supporting is financial supporting, the next is service supporting, then emotinal supporting. 3) For personal background variables, male students rather than female students, the students who have parents with more monthly income, and those who have experience in living with grandparents tend to have more traditional familism. 4) Older students, the students with more traditional familism, those who find more satisfaction in family relations, and male students rather than female students tend to show higher awareness of parent-supporting. 5) In causal relations among the personal background variables, the familism, the awareness of parent-supporting, the variables with a significant impact on the familism are gender, parents' monthly income, and experience in living with grandparents, in order of impact. Age, the familism, satisfaction in family relations, and gender, in order of impact, affect the awareness of parent-supporting. Especially, the familism has the highest correlations with the awareness of financial, emotional, and service supporting, and shows considerable causal impact on the awareness of parent-supporting in general. That is to say, the more the familism, the more the awareness of the parent-supporting.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.221-225
• /
• 2017

Care for the human spirit is a core component of quality end-of-life care. Logotherapy, based on the premise that the primary motivation of human beings is to find meaning and purpose in life, can be helpful in providing care for patients, families, and loved ones in hospice care. The use of Socratic dialog in posing questions about one's life experiences, values, and attitudes is a useful method of evoking reflection. Guidance for finding meaning, even until one's last moments, can be found in the three categories: (a) tasks or deeds, (b) experiences of love and beauty, and (c) attitudes chosen in spite of a fate that cannot be changed. Self-transcendence, defined as getting outside the self for the good of others, can add meaning to life. A growing body of research concerning meaning-centered therapy is promising for improving spiritual well-being and a sense of meaning and purpose in life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 1981

The purpose of this study is to examine the responses of males and females to the woman's clothing behaviors and its relationship with their family values. This paper deals with four items such as aesthetics, modesty, fashion, extravagance in clothing behavior, and six items for family values such as influence of family and family government, woman's spheres of activity, economic responsibility, relationships with relatives, organizational activity, and care of the aged. The guestionnaires were given to 470 adult males and females in Seoul-Kyunggi area. Date were analyzed statistically by correlation, t-test. The results were as follows : 1. The females scored significantly higher on the four aspects of woman's clothing behaviors the aesthetics, the modesty, the fashion, the extravagance than did the males. It was found that the females were much interested in woman's clothing behaviors than werethe males. 2. But there were no differences between males and females in order of scoring on the woman's clothing behaviors. 3. The responses of males and females to the woman's clothing behaviors were significantly related to their family values. i) Both the males and females respondents who had greater traditionalism in family values put greater emphasis to the modesty among the woman's clothing behaviors, ii) The males respondents who had great traditionalism in family values put great emphasis to the extravagance among the woman's clothing behaviors, while the females who had great traditionalism in family values put great emphasis to the aesthetics.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.1055-1056
• /
• 2003

식습관이나 식품 기호도는 식품의 선택에 있어서 중요한 변수이며 어릴 때 형성이 되는 어린이의 식품 기호도는 부모의 태도에 크게 영향을 받는다. 특히 유아기는 사회적, 인지적 능력이 발달하고 모방을 통하여 학습되는 시기이므로 이 시기의 식품에 대한 올바른 인식과 경험은 평생의 건강을 위해서도 부모의 역할은 중요하다. 근래 과잉 영양과 관련된 비만이 우려되고 있지만 아직도 유아에서는 부적절한 식사패턴으로 인한 영양소 결핍이 문제가 되고 있다. 선행 연구에서 유아나 어린이의 식습관이 부모, 특히 어머니의 영향을 많이 받는다고 지적하고 있지만 상호 관련에 대한 연구는 미흡하다. 또한 ‘무엇’과 ‘얼마나 많이’ 등이 중점이 되었던 양적 연구에서 이제는 ‘어떻게’ ‘왜’라는 것에 관심을 두는 사례연구의 중요성이 대두되고 있으므로 본 연구에서는 취학전 아동의 식습관과 영양상태에 관한 질적 연구로써 어머니와의 상호 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대구, 부산지역에 거주하는 4∼7세 유아와 그 어머니(각 15명)를 대상으로 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시하고 유아와 1:1면담을 실시하였다. 어머니들의 식품구매에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인은 어머니 자신의 기호도와 편리, 가치관으로 나타났다. 유아와 어머니의 식품기호도를 조사한 결과 좋아하는 식품의 경우 두 군 모두 육류의 선호도가 높았다. 싫어하는 식품은 어머니의 경우에는 ‘없다’가 73%이었으나 유아의 경우에는 ‘야채류’가 73%이었다. 유아와 어머니의 식품 기호도 일치정도는 좋아하는 식품이 67%, 싫어하는 식품이 33%로 나타났다. 유아는 야채류를 싫어한다고 대답하면서도 건강에 좋은 식품을 ‘야채류’라고 생각하고 있었다 유아의 특정 식품의 선호도나 거부의 주된 이유는 ‘맛’이었으며, 유아의 편식습관은 어머니가 간편성 위주, 가족의 기호도 만을 고려하여 식단을 구성하는 것과 관련이 있었다. 조사대상 유아의 33%가 비타민제, 47%가 칼슘제제를 복용하고 있었으며 27%가 근래에 보약을 복용한 경험이 있었다. 어머니들은 영양제나 보약이 유아의 건강 유지에 많은 도움이 된다고 여기고 있었고 어머니의 임신 중 식품섭취나 이유기의 식품경험정도가 어린이의 식품 기호도에 영향을 미친다고 생각하고 있었다. 어머니가 식품구매시 질적으로 고려하는 부분은 건강과 관련된 무농약 식품, 인스턴트 식품 제한, 외식의 절제가 대부분 어머니의 관심사였다. 본 연구에서 어머니는 유아의 식습관과 식품기호도에 크게 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었으며, 유아 영양교육에서 어머니의 참여와 식품에 대한 인식 개선은 유아의 영양수준 개선에 필수적이라고 생각된다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.165-170
• /
• 2019

This study examined the meaning of employees' university-graduate school experiences for job conversion. For it, date was collected and analyzed by in-depth interview for 7 employees with university-graduate school experiences from Jun. to Doc. 2018. As a result, 3 great ranges and 8 sub-factors of the meaning of employees' university-graduate school experience for job conversion. were drawn. First is the change of value changing new view and recognition. Second is confidence improvement, motivation, and psychological change recovering interests and aptitudes. Third is changes of actual life that obtain pleasure of leaning, formation of personal network, and family supports. From the above results, employees' university-graduate school experience may let them challenge new works with confidence and be analyzed as appearance of identity finding the work suitable for their aptitude and living a subjective life.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.286-295
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Based on the World Health Organization framework on reproductive health, this descriptive correlational study investigated the factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors of married women, with a focus on family values and reproductive health knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 170 married women between the ages of 25 and 49 years living in Daegu, Korea. The general and reproductive health characteristics, family values, and reproductive health knowledge of married women were identified, as well as factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors. A questionnaire survey was administered to investigate the impact of various factors on reproductive health-promoting behaviors. Results: Positive correlations were shown for family values (r=.78, p<.001) and reproductive health knowledge (r=.55, p<.001). Family values (β=.35, p<.001) and reproductive health knowledge (β=.24, p<.001) were identified as factors influencing reproductive health-promoting behaviors. According to the regression model, the explanatory power of factors affecting reproductive health-promoting behaviors among married women was 51.2%. Conclusion: A history of reproductive diseases, family values, and reproductive health knowledge were identified as factors influencing reproductive health-promoting behaviors. These results will provide basic data for the development of a reproductive health-promoting program, including a positive approach to reproductive health among married women, and will serve as a basis for further research on intervention strategies.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.151-161
• /
• 2018

Background: Family values of a married woman may be related to her own depressive mood. Since depressive mood of a married woman is likely to exert a negative influence, in terms of mental health, on her, her family members, and the whole society's, it may be very important to explore the relationship between family values in married women and their depressive mood. Methods: In this study, we analyzed nationally representative 5,818 married women aged 20 years or older from the 4th panel data of 2012 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. As for variables of interest, we constructed three family values variables: family-oriented view of marriage, individualistic view of marriage, and traditional view of marital roles. Then we employed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between family values and depressive mood, adjusting for family and socio-demographic factors. Results: In total, 804 married women (18.4%) had experienced depressive mood. All of the three family values variables were significant in their relationships with depressive mood. The women categorized as 'very weak' in family-oriented view of marriage were more likely to experience depressive mood than the women categorized as 'very strong' (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.55). By contrast, the women categorized as 'very weak' in individualistic view of marriage (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.55) and in traditional view of marital roles (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92) were less likely to experience depressive mood than their respective counterpart women categorized as 'very strong.' Conclusion: In Korea, married women's values towards marriage itself and roles between wives and husbands had significant associations with their depressive mood. This suggests that in order to improve mental health in married women, we need to take social and cultural dimensions into consideration along with public health interventions.