• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.819-830
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• 2009

When simulating large crowds, it is inevitable that the models and motions of many characters will be cloned. McDonnell et al. analyzed user's perception to find cloned characters. They established that clones of appearance are far easier to detect than motion clones. In this paper, we expand McDonnell's research[1], with the focus on multiple clones and the appearance variety in real-time game environment. Introducing the perceptual organization, we show the appearance variety of crowd clones by using game items and texture modulation. Other factors that influence the ability to detect clones were examined, such as the moving direction and distance between character clones. Our results provide novel insights and useful thresholds that will assist in creating more realistic crowds of game environments.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

In the field of computer graphics and HCI, there are many studies on systems that create characters and interact naturally. Such studies have focused on the user's response to the user's behavior, and the study of the character's behavior to elicit positive emotions from the user remains a difficult problem. In this paper, we develop a prototype of an interaction system to elicit positive emotions from users according to the movement of virtual characters using artificial intelligence technology. The proposed system is divided into face recognition and motion generation of a virtual character. A depth camera is used for face recognition, and the recognized data is transferred to motion generation. We use imitation learning as a learning model. In motion generation, random actions are performed according to the first user's facial expression data, and actions that the user can elicit positive emotions are learned through continuous imitation learning.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 인터넷 게임 개발에 있어서 배경 화면을 구성하는 3차원 가상환경 생성 및 가상환경을 돌아다니면서 주변을 관찰할 수 있게 하는 카메라 처리 기능을 포함한 가상환경 제어 방법에 대해 기술한다. 여기에 포함되는 기술로서 3차원 지형 메쉬 데이터 처리, 맵에디터, 장면 처리, 캐릭터의 충돌 처리 및 게임 제어 방법 등을 소개한다. 그리고, 시맨틱 가상환경 구현을 목적으로 가상환경상의 각 위치에 대해 의미를 부여할 수 있도록 현재 위치에 대한 정보 입력을 가능하게 해주는 위치 기반 동적 정보 입력기에 대해서도 설명한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.611-616
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 실세계에서의 사용자 동작을 가상 공간의 캐릭터를 통해 나타낼 수 있는 제어 방법에 대해 논한다. 사용자의 캐릭터는 스테레오 카메라 영상으로부터 얻어지는 5개의 3차원 좌표값을 이용하여 표현된다. 영상에서 구하는 3차원 좌표값은 노이즈를 포함하는 불안정한 데이터이므로 자연스럽고 부드럽게 변형할 수 있도록 프레임 내에서 보정 작업이 필요하다. 보정 후 안정된 위치 데이터는 부드럽게 변형할 수 있도록 프레임 내에서 보정 작업이 필요하다. 보정 후 안정된 위치 데이터는 신체 제약조건을 만족하는 범위에서 동역학(inverse kinematic)을 이용하여 관절각 데이터로 변형한다. 하지만 이 방법은 수학적인 계산을 통해 나온 결과이기 때문에 때때로 사용자가 운하지 않는 동작을 만들어 내는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이를 극복하기 위해 관절각 제약조건을 만족하는 데이터만으로 보간 작업을 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.544-546
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• 2001

움직임에 따른 변형을 실시간으로 처리하는 것은 가상 현실이나 게임 제작 분야에서 절실히 요구되고 있다. 반면에 캐릭터 등이 착용한 스커트나 바지 등과 같이, 복잡한 변형 특성을 가지는 옷감의 변혁은 캐릭터의 움직임에 따른 변형을 원하는 시간 내에 자연스럽게 생성하기가 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 많은 수의 이산점을 필요로 하는 복잡한 변형을, 실시간적 처리를 고려하여 다단계로 시뮬레이션하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 방향을 가진 표면 요소로 기본 frame을 구성하여 이들의 시뮬레이션 결과로 비교적 사실적인 표면 전체의 실루엣을 얻고, 이를 세분화시킴으로써 움직임에 따른 세부적인 변형을 생성한다. 기존의 시뮬레이션 중심의 계층적 방법과는 달리, 변형된 기본 프레임의 유한 요소간에 작용하는 움직임과 위상 관계를 기하학적으로 해석함으로써, 움직임에 따른 표면의 세부적인 모양을 얻어 낼 수 있다. 본 논문의 결과로 캐릭터의 돌발적인 움직임에도 안정적이면서 그럴 듯한 움직임을 생성하며, 움직임에 따른 자연스러운 모양을 실시간에 생성할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Since Augmented Reality (AR) enables users to experience computer-generated content embedded in real environments, AR agents can be visualized among physical objects in the environments where the users exist, and directly interact with them in real-time. We model perceptual attention for autonomous agents in AR environments where virtual and physical objects coexist. Since such AR agents must adaptively perceive and attend to surrounded objects relevant to their goals, our model allows the agents to determine currently visible objects from the description of what virtual and physical objects are configured in the camera's viewing area. A degree of attention is assigned to each perceived object based on its relevance to achieve agents' goals. The agents can focus on a reduced set of perceived objects with respect to the estimated degree of attention. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we implemented an animated character that was overlaid over a miniature version of campus and that attended to buildings relevant to their goals. Experiments showed that our model could reduce the character's perceptual loads even when surroundings change.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.894-903
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• 2006

Rapid technology growth of hardware have brought about development and expansion of various digital motion pictured information including 3-Dimension. 3D digital techniques can be used to be diversity in Animation, Virtual-Reality, Movie, Advertisement, Game and so on. 3D characters in digital motion picture take charge of the core as to communicate emotions and information to users through sounds, facial expression and characteristic motions. Concerns about 3D motion and facial expression is getting higher with extension of frequency in use and range about 3D character design. In this study, the facial expression can be used as a effective method about implicit emotions will be studied and research 3D character's facial expressions and muscles movement which are based on human anatomy and then try to find effective method of facial expression. Finally, also, study the difference and distinguishing between 2D and 3D character through the preceding study what I have researched before.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.692-702
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• 2008

Path planning is gaining more weight in computer games and virtual reality as the number of self-moving characters increases. In the roadmap approach, the map of possible paths is built in advance to plan paths for a character, whose advantage is to provide high-quality paths. On the other hand, a disadvantage is that the road map doesn't reflect properties of characters such as their sizes because they move on the same map once the road map is constructed. In this paper we propose an efficient method to build a different road map for each character so that it can use its own map for path-planning. This method is efficient because the whole map is built once by applying the Visibility Graph regardless of the number of characters and walkable paths are incrementally inserted according to the sizes of characters. The effects of using separate roadmaps are demonstrated through simulations and the trade-offs accompanied with these effects are analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.01a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 가상현실(Virtual Reality)을 구현할 수 있는 개발도구인 Unreal Engine4를 사용하여 객체지향 설계도구인 블루 프린트(Blue Print)로 좀비 슈팅 게임을 개발하였다. 본 게임콘텐츠는 1인칭 시점의 주인공 캐릭터가 게임 인공지능으로 공격하는 좀비로부터 공격을 당하지 않고 무사히 살아남는 생존을 목표로 하는 콘텐츠이다. 게임 조작 방법은 컨트롤러(Controller)로 가상 슈팅 무기를 이용하여 제한시간 동안 공격하는 좀비들을 물리치고 가상공간에서 생존해야 한다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2004

The reason of the appearance of Internet is regarded as a milestone since we have shared information globally in a mutual way. The important thing on this point is what contents we choose for ourselves. The Internet could be meaningless unless we use it in a certain way, which ultimately means that the Internet has to deliver something valuable to us humans. Therefore, we have looked at how we can deliver and share humanity and emotion through the Internet, also how we can instill vital power into our real life, through the Internet. Fortunately, the current study must essentially be ongoing due to its nature with perhaps a multidisciplinary team brainstorming ideas. The reason for that is that not only could we find new business models for companies, but also find out new ways to appease the human mind in the modern age. In addition, as consumers needs become more specialized and diversified, companies are expected to face up to fierce competition with the help of innovative ideas. The ever-intensifying competition requires companies to cultivate new strategic tools in order to have new, powerful and sustainable comparative advantages. The goal of this research will be to explore ways of finding a new approach. Specifically, this research is about how to use the EVC(empathetic virtual character), which, this researcher believes, can deliver emotional benefits so as to make e-branding successful. According to reports, it has been proven that this new concept including the EVC can result in tremendous success. So the goal of this research is to explore the current situation and to anticipate the future concerning virtual characters.