• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2014

Purpose: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus, one of the most widely used immunosuppressive drugs, are known to vary by sex, age, and ethnicity during pediatric transplantation. This study assessed the pharmacokinetic characteristics and associated factors of tacrolimus in Korean children receiving a kidney transplant. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the pharmacokinetic data (therapeutic dose, trough level, clearance, and half-life) of 9 children who were given tacrolimus as one of their initial immunosuppressive drugs after kidney transplantation. In addition, we compared the findings to data from 10 adult kidney transplant recipients. Results: The mean age of our pediatric patients was 13.9 years, and the maleto- female ratio was 4:5. The mean dose of tacrolimus was $0.19{\pm}0.14$ mg/kg/day. The mean dose of tacrolimus for males was $0.23{\pm}0.12$ mg/kg/day, which was significantly higher than the dose for females ($0.16{\pm}0.14$ mg/kg/day). The trough level was not significantly different between both groups. The clearance rate of tacrolimus for males was also significantly higher than females. Although the dosage of tacrolimus for patients over the age of 12 years was lower ($0.18{\pm}0.13$ vs. $0.21{\pm}0.16$ mg/kg/day) and the trough level was higher ($8.2{\pm}4.5$ vs. $7.2{\pm}4.2$ mg/mL) than that for patients under the age of 12 years, there was no significant difference between them. However, there were significant differences between children and adults in dose, clearance, and half-life of tacrolimus. Conclusion: Out study suggests that the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus tends to vary with sex and age. Therefore, large-scale prospective studies are required to verify the proper therapeutic dosage of tacrolimus in Korean children.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 1986

식이 $\omega$3 지방산이 신장의 지질구성 및 기능에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 젖뗀 55-60 g의 흰쥐에게 고등어유, 들깨유, 콩기름을식이의 10% (W/W)포함하는 먹이를 조제하여 24일간 섭취시켰다. 고등어유군의 신장 인지질 지방산에 C20~C22 $\omega$ 3 지방산의 함량이 월등히 많은 반면 들깨유군은 콩기름군에 비해 약간 높을 뿐이어서 C18 : 3 ($\omega$3) 지방산으로 단기간에 쉽게 전환되지 않음을 보였다. C18 : 2($\omega$6) 지방산은 고등어군만 낮았고 C20 : 4($\omega$6)는 들깨유군에서는 낮았지만 고등어유군은 콩기름군과 같은 수준이었다. 또한 고등어유군에서 C18 : 1($\omega$9)을 포함한 단일 불포화 지방산이 높고 포화지방산 함량이 낮은 것도 특징이었다 . 인지질 종류별 분석결과에서 고등어유군이 sphingomyelin 이 높고 phosphatidylethanol-amine이 낮았다. 반면 신장 Cholest대기 함량은 고등어유군이 높았으며, 이러한 지질구성 변화는 신장 Na-K-ATPase 활성감소시킨 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.651-654
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• 2005

신장 질환은 고혈압과 당뇨등에 대한 합병증으로 많이 발생되며 병이 상당 부분 진행이 되어야만 자각 증세가 있는 질환이다. 따라서 신장 질환은 예방이 중요하며 이를 위한 기술적 방법론이 개발되어야 한다. 현재는 소변 검사를 통한 단백뇨와 혈액 검사에 의지하여 질환의 유무와 진행 정도를 파악하고 있지만 이를 생체 신호 분석을 통해 행한다면 질환 예방등에 유익한 방법이 되리라 여겨진다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해 신호 처리 기법을 적용하여 신장 질환을 판단하는 방법론을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 음성 신호를 분석하고 신장과 관련이 되어 있는 오관인 귀에 대한 영역을 추출하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 끝으로 실험에 의해 제안한 방법의 유용성을 입증하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.137-140
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• 2008

현대 사회는 육체적·정신적 활동을 많이 요구하게 되며 이러한 현상으로 스트레스의 증가와 이유없는 증후군의 발병이 점차 확대되고 있다. 특히 스트레스로 인한 피로의 누적으로 인체의 혈액 농도 및 순환에 영향을 끼치게 되며 이로 인해 신장의 상태가 악화될 수 있다. 따라서 신장의 이상 유무를 조기에 판단하여 적절한 조치를 취하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 신장 질환을 앓고 있는 환자와 정상인을 대상으로 피실험자 집단군을 각각 구성하고 음성 정보의 형태학적 분석과 수치학적 분석을 실험으로 출력하고 결과값에 대해 비교·분석을 행하고자 한다. 최종적으로 실험을 통해 신장과 음성과의 관계를 정립하고자 한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2000

This study was performed to elucited the mechanisms of the antidiuretic action by SKP-450, a $K^+$ channel opener, given into the vein, and of the diuretic action observed only in the ipsilateral kidney, when given into a renal artery, in dog. The antidiuretic action of SKP-450 was not affected by renal denervation or pretreatment with glibenclamide, a ATP-dependent $K^+$ channel blocker. The diuretic action of SKP-450 was inhibited by renal denervation or pretreatment with glibenclamide. SKP-450 given into carotid artery had little effect on renal function. These results suggest that the antidiuretic action of SKP-450 given into the vein is caused by some endogenous substances probably not related to $K^+$ channel, whereas the diuretic action of SKP-450 observed only in ipsilateral kidney, when given into a renal artery, is provoked through $K^+$ channel related to renal nerves.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.362-370
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• 2000

In anesthetized dogs, antidiuretic action of intravenously administered BRL 34915 (10.0~30.0 $\mu$/kg) was blocked by renal denervation, whereas it was not affected by glibenclamide, a selective $K_{ATP}$ blocker, given into renal artery. Diuretic action in ipsilateral kidney produced by intrarenal administration of BRL 34915 was not influenced by renal denervation, but blocked completely by glibenclamide given into the vein. Above results suggest that the antidiuretic action of BRL 34915 is mediated by renal sympathetic nerves and the diuretic action is caused by opening of $K^+$ channel within kidney.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.467-475
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to describe self-management related to diabetic nephropathy(DN) patients and analyze instrument for measurement of self-management. Literature search was conducted using computerized databases such as Pubmed, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane. The search term of this study were "Diabetes Mellitus", "Self-care", "Kidney Disease". A total of 8 articles were collected and 8 measurement instruments used in the study. But, included studies were assessing the self-management for DN using non-DN specific instruments. Thus, DN specific instrument for measuring the self-care should be developed in future study.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.71-74
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• 1989

Ichthyophonus disease had broken out among rock bream in Dec. 1989. Diseased-fish showed markedly stunted growth and darkish coloration, and anatomically the liver with small white nodules, tumefied spleen with its granulous surface, and the markedly tumefied kidney. Microscopic examination of liver, kidney, spleen and gill from 10 rock bream revealed cyst of the fungus Ichthyophonus sp. Rock bream were heavily infected with the highest concentrations of spherical multinucleate bodies in the liver, the spleen, the kidney and the gills. In heavily infected sectors of tissue a common necrotic zone was formed around spore aggregates. Spherical multinucleate hyphal terminal bodies developed thin hyphae longer than 1mm which divided into many branches.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify compliance of kidney transplantation(=KT) recipients and the factors influencing on compliance of KT recipients. Methods: One hundred patients who visited out-patients department after KT at S hospital transplant center in Seoul were enrolled in this study. Structured questionnaires of compliance, self-efficacy and family support were used to collect data. The data was collected from April 21 to May 21 in 2011. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was accepted to the level of p<.05. Results: The mean score of compliance was 4.37(range from 1 to 5), and that of medication compliance was the highest and that of self care compliance was the lowest. There were no differences of compliance according to characteristics of the subjects. Compliance of the subjects had positive correlation with self-efficacy(r=0.23, p<0.05) and family support(r=0.33, p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that the nursing intervention program to improve self care using self-efficacy and family support need to be developed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 1967

The present investigation was initially undertaken to see if there exists $Na^+-K^+$ activated ATPase in the microsome fraction of the kidney. Having confirmed the presence of such an enzyme, further attempts have been made to characterize its nature and the following conclusions were obtained: (1) The ATPase activity was greatest at the $Na^+$ concentration of 100 mM as well as at $K^+$ concentration of 10 mM. Moreover, the ATPase activity was found to be depressed by $Ca^{++}$ in the presence of $Mg^{++}$. (2) While the ATPase activity was depressed by Ouabain, the magnitude of inhibition was greater in the Na medium than in the K medium. (3) NaCN augmented the ATPase activity whereas NaF and IAA depressed it. On the other hand, DNP had little influence on the ATPase activity. (4) Diamox, vasopressin and aldosterone had no effect while $HgCl_2$ markedly depressed the ATPase activity These findings indicate that the nature of ATPase isolated from the microsome fraction of the rabbit kidney is quite similar to that from other organs such as the heart and the muscle, although there are certain features specific to the type of organs.