• ALGAE
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.253-266
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• 2019

Several species classified to the genus Ulva are primarily responsible for causing green tides all over the world. For almost two decades, green tides have been resulted in numerous ecological problems along the eastern coast of Jeju Island, Korea. In order to characterize the species of Ulva responsible for causing the massive blooms on Jeju Island, we conducted DNA barcoding of tufA and rbcL sequences on 183 specimens of Ulva from eight sites on Jeju Island. The concatenated analysis identified five bloom-forming species: U. australis, U. lactuca, U. laetevirens, U. ohnoi and a novel species, U. pseudo-ohnoi sp. nov. Among them, U. australis, U. lactuca, and U. laetevirens caused to the blooms coming mainly from the substratum. U. ohnoi and U. pseudo-ohnoi sp. nov. were causative the free-floating blooms. Four species, except U. australis, are characterized by marginal teeth. A novel species, U. pseudo-ohnoi sp. nov., is clearly diverged from the U. lactuca, U. laetevirens, and U. ohnoi clade in the concatenated maximum likelihood analysis. Accurate species delimitation will contribute to a management of massive Ulva blooms based on this more comprehensive knowledge.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.326-338
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• 2009

In this paper, we argue that characteristics of ubiquitous business are different from those of e-business or m-business. We have developed a u-business model development framework incorporating the concept of value co-creation experiences, which is a core of the ubiquitous business paradigm. The framework of u-business model development presented in this paper consists of eight steps such as defining of domain, discovery of opportunity nucleus, defining of potential co-creation experience environment, deriving candidates of u-business services, selecting u-business killer services, defining value propositions of u-business killer services, defining u-business killer service offerings, and drawing a resource map of u-business killer services. The proposed u-business model development framework offers useful guidelines for practitioners to develop successful u-business models under a ubiquitous business paradigm.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.463-469
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• 2004

In this paper we establish some recurrence relations satisfied by quotient moments of upper record values from the exponential distribution. Let $\{X_n,\;n{\geq}1\}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables with a common continuous distribution function F(x) and probability density function(pdf) f(x). Let $Y_n=max\{X_1,\;X_2,\;{\cdots},\;X_n\}$ for $n{\geq}1$. We say $X_j$ is an upper record value of $\{X_n,\;n{\geq}1\}$, if $Y_j>Y_{j-1}$, j > 1. The indices at which the upper record values occur are given by the record times {u(n)}, $n{\geq}1$, where u(n)=min\{j{\mid}j>u(n-1),\;X_j>X_{u(n-1)},\;n{\geq}2\} and u(1) = 1. Suppose $X{\in}Exp(1)$. Then $\Large{E\;\left.{\frac{X^r_{u(m)}}{X^{s+1}_{u(n)}}}\right)=\frac{1}{s}E\;\left.{\frac{X^r_{u(m)}}{X^s_{u(n-1)}}}\right)-\frac{1}{s}E\;\left.{\frac{X^r_{u(m)}}{X^s_{u(n)}}}\right)}$ and $\Large{E\;\left.{\frac{X^{r+1}_{u(m)}}{X^s_{u(n)}}}\right)=\frac{1}{(r+2)}E\;\left.{\frac{X^{r+2}_{u(m)}}{X^s_{u(n-1)}}}\right)-\frac{1}{(r+2)}E\;\left.{\frac{X^{r+2}_{u(m-1)}}{X^s_{u(n-1)}}}\right)}$.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.3-9
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• 2014

'08.3월 U-City법이 제정되었고, '09년에 U-City법에 근거한 제1차 유비쿼터스도시종합계획 (이하 U-City종합계획)이 수립되었다. 이후 계획에 따라 U-City R&D, U-City시범도시 지원사업 등이 추진되었으며, 기술, 서비스, 인력양성, 산업지원, 법제도 개선 등 다양한 부문에 U-City 지원 정책이 시행되었다. 이로 인해 국내 U-City 사업이 활발히 추진되었으나 주로 공공 주도의 신도시를 중심으로 구축되어 과도한 건설비용 및 관리운영비 부담, 중복투자 등의 다양한 문제를 발생하게 된다. 결국 신도시 조성 개발이익을 통한 U-City 구축은 건설경기의 침체와 함께 심각한 위기를 맞게 된다. 하지만 새정부 출범 이후 U-City는 창조경제 대표사업으로 채택되어 재도약할 수 있는 계기가 마련되었고 정부는 지역경제 활성화의 일환으로 도시재생사업에 U-City를 접목하는 등 U-City 부흥을 위한 시도를 지속적으로 하고 있다. 특히 신도시 개발로 치우쳐서 발생된 기존도시와의 불균형을 해소하기 위해 다각도로 해결방안을 모색하고 있다. 이에 현 시점에서는 기존도시에 초점을 맞추어 U-City 방향을 살펴보는 연구가 필요하며, 기존 신도시형 U-City가 추구했던 정보통신 위주의 계획에서 벗어나 지역특성 및 수준 등을 고려한 도시계획적 측면으로 접근하는 것이 바람직하다. 본고에서는 국내외 스마트시티 동향을 파악하고 우리나라의 신도시개발형 U-City 구축 현황의 문제점을 진단하여 기존도시형 U-City 구축의 필요성을 도출하였다. 이를 토대로 실효성 있는 기존도시 U-City 구현을 위하여 도시계획적 관점에서의 고도화 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.20
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• pp.21.2-21.2
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• 1995

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.170-176
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• 2009

The goal of U-Eco City testbed is im proving the technical com pletion of ubiquitous technology /services which have been developed in other core projects in U-Eco City, by implementing newly developed ubiquitous technology/services to testbed. When the newly developed ubiquitous technology/services are implemented in the testbed, we will monitor whether the developed ubiquitous technology/services can be applied in the real situation and if they have problems we will find out the solution to solve the problems. In addition to this we have goal to sale experience of construction of U-Eco city testbed to the local governments and foreign cities. To accomplish this goal, it is necessary to make the guideline for the construction of U-Eco City. Final goal of this research is develop guideline for the construction of U-Eco City. I developed the framework of U-Eco City construction guideline by i) analyzing problems when the local governments try to construct U-City, ii) finding out general idea of Eco City and investigate connection between Eco City and U-City, iii) analyzing main steps of constructing U-City, and iv) matching the all the issues and considerations into process of u-Eco city construction steps.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.25 no.1_2
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• pp.329-337
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• 2007

In the paper, we obtain the existence of positive solutions and establish a corresponding iterative scheme for BVPs $$\{^{\;(\phi_p(u'))'\;+\;q(t)f(t,u)=0,\;0\;<\;t\;<\;1,}_{\;u(0)\;-\;B(u'({\eta}))\;=\;0,\;u'(1)\;=\;0}$$ and $$\{^{\;(\phi_p(u'))'\;+\;q(t)f(t,u)=0,\;0\;<\;t\;<\;1,}_{\;u'(0)\;=\;0,\;u(1)+B(u'(\eta))\;=\;0.}$$. The main tool is the monotone iterative technique. Here, the coefficient q(t) may be singular at t = 0, 1.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.1523-1537
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• 2023

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and S a multiplicative subset of R. First, we introduce and study the u-S-projective dimension and u-S-injective dimension of an R-module, and then explore the u-S-global dimension u-S-gl.dim(R) of a commutative ring R, i.e., the supremum of u-S-projective dimensions of all R-modules. Finally, we investigate u-S-global dimensions of factor rings and polynomial rings.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

The u-GIS national land information providing technology is the technology which maximizes the application of u- GIS data through the national land information platform technique of the next generation web and provides a user with the on-demand national land information in the ubiquitous environment. Recently, as the environment emphasizing the web as a platform 'Web 2.0' emerges, the where 2.0 which is paradigm is diffused in the spatial information area. And the Geo-spatial Web technology develops in a center. Moreover, it is changed to the open platform of the user participation trend. And the consumer of the geo-spatial information is changed to the end-user center from the public institution. The geo-spatial technique is technologically faced with the new challenge. In this paper, we analyze the technical tendency about a paradigm, And we present the u-GIS national land information platform technique, the u-GIS national land information visualization technology, the u-GIS national land information GeoDRM integrative technique, and the u-GIS national land information mobile application technology as the essential elemental technology for overcoming this.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.59-70
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• 2009

By the time the interest on the u-City is continuously growing as a test bed for verifying the potentials of ubiquitous convergence industries, research on the u-Safety gradually increases as well, as a typical service and application area of u-City. Like the other service areas of u-City, in order to provide u-Safety services smoothly, it is crucial to integrally connect u-City services and infrastructures that have operated under distributed environment. In this study, we suggest an approach for design of u-Safety service and monitoring architecture by combing CIM/WBEM standard with GMA. CIM/WBEM and GMA are broadly applied in the distributed resource monitoring environment and are widely recognized as data acquisition architecture under massive monitoring data volumes respectively. Considering the growing research needs for standardization and extension of u-City service infrastructure, it is expected that our integrated infrastructure model will be used as a reference model for effective integration of distributed resources with newly added services.