• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2022

In this paper we investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability of the s-variable additive and l-variable quadratic functional equations of the form $$f\(\sum\limits_{i=1}^{s}x_i\)+\sum\limits_{j=1}^{s}f\(-sx_j+\sum\limits_{i=1,i{\neq}j}^{s}x_i\)=0$$ and $$f\(\sum\limits_{i=1}^{l}x_i\)+\sum\limits_{j=1}^{l}f\(-lx_j+\sum\limits_{i=1,i{\neq}j}^{l}x_i\)=(l+1)$$$\sum\limits_{i=1,i{\neq}j}^{l}f(x_i-x_j)+(l+1)\sum\limits_{i=1}^{l}f(x_i)$ (s, l ∈ N, s, l ≥ 3) in quasi-Banach spaces.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.3_4
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2011

W. Choi([1]) identified and characterized the limiting diffusion of this diploid model by defining discrete generator for the rescaled Markov chain. We denote by F the homozygosity and by S the average selection intensity. In this note, we define the Fleming-Viot process with generator of limiting diffusion and provide exact result for the relations of F and S.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.397-416
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• 2016

This paper is devoted to the study of various notions of almost openness and almost homeomorphisms and the characterization of some of them in terms of the relative interior operator. Generally, openness (or quasi-openness) for a continuous map f is well known. We define openness (or quasi-openness) at a point x using the relative interior operator and characterize that a continuous map f is almost open, almost quasi-open, almost embedding and almost homeomorphsims.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.429-442
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• 2016

In this paper we show that the solutions to the perturbed differential system $$y^{\prime}=f(t,y)+{\int}_{to}^{t}g(s,y(s),Ty(s))ds$$ have uniformly Lipschitz stability and asymptotic behavior by imposing conditions on the perturbed part $\int_{to}^{t}g(s,y(s),Ty(s))ds$ and the fundamental matrix of the unperturbed system y' = f(t, y).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 1981

This paper has been prepared to compare the safety factor of Fellenius method and Bishop method which are most frequantly utilized for stability analysis of dam and natural slope. The results are as follows. 1. Safety factor obtained by Bishop method shows 11-29% higher in steady seepage state and 46-57% higher in no seepage flow than the one by Fellenius. 2. The ratio of safety factor between no seepage flow and seepage flow ($F_1-F_2/F_2$) increases as the slope becomes flatter. 3. The ratio of safety factor between Bishop method and Fellenius ($F_B-F_F/F_F$) decreases as the slope becomes flatter.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1136-1143
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological activities of an aqueous extract of Angelica gigas (Ag) fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc). First, the soluble solids of the F/3 group, in which the Ag was fermented by Sc for 3 days, decreased from $1^{\circ}Bx$ to $0.9^{\circ}Bx$. On the other hand, the pH increased with the number of days of fermentation. The result of a TLC experiment confirmed that it gradually decomposed into a low-molecular weight sugar form upon fermentation. The total phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents were higher in the fermented group than in the non-fermented group. K and Ca contents were increased by fermentation in the following order: F/3, NF, and F/0 groups. Decursin and decursinol angelate contents were highest in the F/3 group. The DPPH (${\alpha}$, ${\alpha}{\prime}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the NF, F/0, and F/3 groups were 41.89%, 39.51%, and 60.26%, respectively. The inhibition activities of tyrosinase and lipoxygenase were stronger in the F/3 group than in the NF group. This experiment showed that the fermentation of Ag Nakai can lead to an increase in its antioxidant ability, physiological activity, whitening and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, this oriental herbal medicine can be developed into a functional material that can be utilized in the development of cosmetic products in future.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.187-195
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• 1992

This study carried out to investigate selection response of pure line population of layer chicken. Data for two layer pure line of Single Comb White Leghorn were collected from 1986 to 1991. Primary selection criteria were egg number to 270 days of age (EN270), egg weight(BW270), body weight (BW270) at 270 days of age and the days of the 1st egg(SM). The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows ; 1. Mean phenotypic values of two strains were decreased by 1.94 day(K), 1.320ay(F) for SM and increased by 0.09g(K), -0.05g(F) for EW 270 and 0.56(K), -0.78(F) for EN270. 2. The ratio of a realized selection differential to expected selection differentials for SM (sexual maturity), EW 270, and BW 270 were not significantly decreased during 5 generations. 3. Heritability were estimated from sib analysis. The means of estimates were 0.28(F), 0.39(K) for BW270, and 0.25(F), 0.29(K) for EN270 and 0.51(F), 0.48(K) for EW270. 4. The genetic gains were estimated by method of selection index in retrospect on the basis of selection differentials. EN270 and EW270 were found to increase by 2.01(F), 2.25(K) and 0.54 (F), 0.65(K) per generation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

This study examined pruritus to provide the data based on burn patient pruritus. A self-report questionnaire survey was conducted among ninety five burn survivors, who were over 18 years of age with admission periods longer than two weeks. The results indicated that the average burn range was $18.95{\pm}17.10%$, severity was $48.83{\pm}23.96$, and distress was $46.42{\pm}25.80$. A significant difference in pruritus consequences was observed according to frequency. The patients consistently experienced pruritus, even if it happened less often, difficulty in falling asleep (F=4.817, p=.004), poor mood (F= 5.955, p=.015)), and loss of concentration (F=6.483, p<.000). A significant difference in the pruritus consequences according to duration was observed, lasting for 30 minutes for all groups, more than the population and less than 30 minutes, difficulty in falling asleep (F=7.452, p<.000), poor mood (F=3.655, p<.015), and loss of concentration (F=12.564, p<.000). The frequency, duration (r=.29, p=.004), severity (r=.45, p<.000), distress (r=.44, p<.000), and consequences of pruritus in burn patients (r=.29, p=.004) showed a positive correlation. The results of this study could be used as a base material for the care of burn patients experiencing pruritus.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.309-315
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• 2006

Purpose: Accurate evaluation of cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis of head and neck squamous cell canter (SCC) is important to treatment planning. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the detection of cervical LN metastasis of head and neck SCC and performed a retrospective comparison with CT/MRI findings. Materials & Methods: Seventeen patients with pathologically proven head and neck SCC underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI within 4 week before surgery. We recorded lymph node metastases according to the neck level system of imaging-based nodal classification. F-18 FDG PET/CT images were analyzed visually for assessment of regional tracer uptake in LN. We analyzed the differences in sensitivity and specificity between F-18 FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI using the Chi-square test. Results: Among the 17 patients, a total of 123 LN levels were dissected, 29 of which showed metastatic involvement. The sensitivity and specificity of F-18 FDG PET/CT for detecting cervical LN metastasis on a level-by-level basis were 69% (20/29) and 99% (93/94). The sensitivity and specificity of CT/MRI were 62% (18/29) and 96% (90/94). There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between F-18 FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI. Interestingly, F-18 FDG PET/CT detected double primary tumor (hepatocellular carcinoma) and rib metastasis, respectively. Conclusion: There was not statistically significant difference of diagnostic accuracy between F-18 FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI for the detection of cervical LN metastasis of head and neck SCC. The low sensitivity of F-18 FDG PET/CT was due to limited resolution for small metastatic deposits.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.139-147
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• 2008

New PPV derivatives which contain electron-withdrawing CF3F4phenyl group, poly[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-5-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (CF3F4P-PPV), and poly[2-(4-(2-etylhexyloxy)-phenyl)-5-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (P-CF3F4P-PPV), have been synthesized by GILCH polymerization. As the result of the introduction of the electron-withdrawing CF3F4phenyl group to the phenyl backbone, the LUMO and HOMO energy levels of CF3F4P-PPV (3.14, 5.50 eV) and P-CF3F4P-PPV (3.07, 5.60 eV) were reduced. The PL emission spectra in solid thin film are more red-shifted over 50 nm and increased fwhm (full width at half maximum) than solution conditions by raising aggregation among polymer backbone due to electron withdrawing effect of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl group. The EL emission maxima of CF3F4P-PPV and P-CF3F4P-PPV appear at around 530-543 nm. The current density-voltage-luminescence (J-V-L) characteristics of ITO/PEDOT/polymer/Al devices of CF3F4P-PPV and P-CF3F4P-PPV show that turn-on voltages are around 12.5 and 7.0 V, and the maximum brightness are about 82 and 598 cd/m2, respectively. The maximum EL efficiency of P-CF3F4P-PPV (0.51 cd/A) was higher than that of CF3F4P-PPV (0.025 cd/A).