• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2001

The study was carried out to analysis of the pollutant $COD_{Mn}$, T-N, T-P for water quality proximated to sediment in lake of K river basin. water extracted from sediment showed higher $COD_{Mn}$, T-N, T-P datas than water proximated to sediment. Also, water proximated to sediment and water 5-10cm proximated to sediment showed the following data : $COD_{Mn}$, 1.2~1.9mg/L, T-N, 1.3~6.2mg/L, TP, 0.05~0.26mg/L, respectively. From this results, we have known the fact that the pollution degree of sediment have an effect on the water quality in lake and stream.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.279-292
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• 2011

In this paper, we consider anti-periodic solutions of the following BAM neural networks with multiple delays on time scales: $$\{{x^\Delta_i(t)=-a_i(t)e_i(x_i(t))+{\sum\limits^m_{j=1}}c_{ji}(t)f_j(y_j(t-{\tau}_{ji}))+I_i(t),\atop y^\Delta_j(t)=-b_j(t)h_j(y_j(t))+{\sum\limits^n_{i=1}}d_{ij}(t)g_i(x_i(t-{\delta}_{ij}))+J_j(t),}\$$ where i = 1, 2, ..., n,j = 1, 2, ..., m. Using some analysis skills and Lyapunov method, some sufficient conditions on the existence and exponential stability of the anti-periodic solution to the above system are established.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.915-927
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• 2000

This paper is concerned with degenerate Volterra equations Mu(t) + ∫(sub)0(sup)t k(t-s) Lu(s)ds = f(t) in Banach spaces both in the hyperbolic case, and the parabolic one. The key assumption is played by the representation of the underlying space X as a direct sum X = N(T) + R(T), where T is the bounded linear operator T = ML(sup)-1. Hyperbolicity means that the part T of T in R(T) is an abstract potential operator, i.e., -T(sup)-1 generates a C(sub)0-semigroup, and parabolicity means that -T(sup)-1 generates an analytic semigroup. A maximal regularity result is obtained for parabolic equations. We will also investigate the cases where the kernel k($.$) is degenerated or singular at t=0 using the results of Pruss[8] on analytic resolvents. Finally, we consider the case where $\lambda$ is a pole for ($\lambda$L + M)(sup)-1.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.231-237
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• 2001

To examine the effects of feed additives on the expression of perpheral blood cell surface molecules, phagocytosis and antigen specific antibody formation, broilers were randomly assigned to $T_{1}$ , $T_{2}$ , $T_{3}$ , and $T_{4}$ groups. $T_{1}$ group was fed diet without any additives for 13 weeks, $T_{2}$ was fed diet with full fat flax, $T_{3}$ was fed diet with full fat flax containing $\alpha$-tocopherol, and $T_{4}$ was fed diet with full- fat flax containing $\alpha$-tocopherol and selenium. Since 5 weeks feeding the data were examined by flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The expression of monocyte in all treated groups was significantly increased, in which the ratio of expression in $T_{3}$ group was especially evident. B cell expression of all treated groups was increased more than 2 fold. The expression of CD4+(helper T cell) cell and CD8+(cytotox$ic^pressor T cell) cell of all treated groups also was increased.ed.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2019

This study observed the effects of the double combination of temperatures-times (2 temperatures: 2 times combination, 2T2T) in sous vide cooking method on the physicochemical properties and collagen solubility (CS) of semitendinosus muscle from cattle and goat as a comparison to common sous vide treatment (1 temperature: 1 time combination, 1T1T). The new invention of sous vide cooking method (2T2T) cooked at the first temperature at $45^{\circ}C$ for 3 h, and the second temperature at $60^{\circ}C$, $65^{\circ}C$, and $70^{\circ}C$ for 3 h, and labeled as N45-60, N45-65, and N45-70, respectively. While, common sous vide treatment (1T1T) were cooked directly for 6 h at $60^{\circ}C$ (T60), $65^{\circ}C$ (T65), and $70^{\circ}C$ (T70). Results revealed that cooking with 2T2T treatment improved the water-holding capacity and reduced the cooking loss of both beef and goat meat. The $L^*$ values have no apparent changes between treatment in beef and goat meat, while $a^*$ values of N45-60 treated goat presented markedly higher values than other treatments but an only slight increase in beef at the same treatment (p>0.05). Again, 2T2T treatment tended to decrease mean shear force (SF) values for beef and goat meat with the lowest SF values recorded at N45-60, and the CS no or less influenced this value. Therefore, the application of innovative sous vides cooking method (2T2T) presented comparable values in the treated beef and goat meat as compared to common sous vide method (1T1T).

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.583-611
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• 1998

We consider a general class of real-valued Levy processes {X(t), $t\geq0$}, and obtain suitable large deviation results for the empiricals L(t, A) defined by $t^{-1}{\int^t}_01_A$(X(s)ds for t > 0 and a Borel subset A of R. These results are used to obtain the asymptotic behavior of P{Z(t) < a}, where Z(t) = $sup_{u\leqt}\midx(u)\mid$ as $t\longrightarrow\infty$, in terms of the rate function in the large deviation principle. A subclass of these processes is the Feller class: there exist nonrandom functions b(t) and a(t) > 0 such that {(X(t) - b(t))/a(t) : t > 0} is stochastically compact, i.e., each sequence has a weakly convergent subsequence with a nondegenerate limit. The stable processes are in this class, but it is much larger. We consider processes in this class for which b(t) may be taken to be zero. For any t > 0, we consider the renormalized process ${X(u\psi(t))/a(\psi(t)),u\geq0}$, where $\psi$(t) = $t(log log t)^{-1}$, and obtain large deviation probability estimates for $L_{t}(A)$ := $(log log t)^{-1}$${\int_{0}}^{loglogt}1_A$$(X(u\psi(t))/a(\psi(t)))dv$. It turns out that the upper and lower bounds are sharp and depend on the entire compact set of limit laws of {X(t)/a(t)}. The results extend to random walks in the Feller class as well. Earlier results of this nature were obtained by Donsker and Varadhan for symmetric stable processes and by Jain for random walks in the domain of attraction of a stable law.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.79-91
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to identify the meaningful nursing diagnosis in maternity unit and to suggest formally the basal data to the nursing service with scientific approach. The subject for this paper were 64 patients who admitted to Chung Ang University Hospital, Located in Seoul, from Mar. 10, to July 21, 1993. The results were as follows: 1. The number of nursing diagnosis from 64 patients were 892 and average number of nursing diagnosis per patient was 13.9. 2. Applying the division of nursing diagnosis to Roy's Adaptation Model, determined nursing diagnosis from the 64 patients were 621 (69.6%) in physiological adaptation mode and (Comfort, altered r/t), (Injury, potential for r/t), (Infection, potential for r/t), (Bowel elimination, altered patterns r/t), (Breathing pattern, ineffective r/t), (Nutrition, altered r/t less than body requirement) in order, and 139 (15.6%) in role function mode, (Self care deficit r/t), (Knowledge deficit r/t), (Mobility, impaired physical r/t) in order, 122 (13.7%) in interdependence adaptation mode, (Anxiety r/t), (Family Process, altered r/t) in order, 10(1.1%) in self concept adaptation mode, (Powerlessness r/t), (Grieving, dysfunctional r/t) in order. 3. Nursing diagnosis in maternity unit by the medical diagnosis, the average hospital dates were 3.8 days in normal delivery and majority of used nursing diagnosis, (Comfort, altered r/t) 64.6%, (Self care deficit r/t) 13.6% in order, and the average hospital dates were 9.6 days in cesarean section delivery and majority of used nursing diagnosis, (Comfort, altered r/t) 51.6%, (Self care deficit r/t) 15.2%, (Infection, potential for r/t) 9.9%, (Injury, potential "for r/t) 8.1%, (Anxiety r/t) 5.0%, (Mobility, impaired physical r/t) 3.3% in order, and the average hospital dates were 15.8days in preterm labor and majority of used nursing diagnosis, (Comfort, altered r/ t), (Anxiety r/t), (Injury, potential for r/t) in order, and the average short-term hospital dates were 2.5days, long-term hospital dates were 11.5days in gynecologic diseases and majority of used nursing diagnosis, (Comfort, altered r/t). (Self care deficit r/t), (Injury, potential for r/t), (Infection, potential for r/t) in order.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.91-96
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• 1983

Present study was carried out to find out an optimum interval for artificial insemination in aged and poor laying hens, Brown colored, hundred and twenty commercial laying hens at about 530 days old and 20 S. C. W. Leghorn males at 580 days old were adopted Egg production rate during the experiment was 61.6% and number of eggs examined was 2,283. The intervals for the insemination were 2, 4 and 6 days for experimental groups T-1, T-2 and T-3, respectively. Eggs were collected on every 6th day and examined for fertility by candling after 5 days of incubation. Average fertility rates for T-1, T-2 and T-3 groups appeared 87.5, 81.1, and 65.1%, respectively. The fertility of T-3 group was significantly lower than those of T-1 and T-2 groups(P＜0.05). The highest fertility rate was obtained on the second day after the insemination for all groups, i. e. 90.7, 84.0 and 71.7% for T-1, T-2 and T-3, respectively. Thereafter, a tendency of gradual decline in fertility was observed. This study suggests that the optimum interval for artificial insemination in aged hens is 2 days. The fertility tended to be improved by repeated injection. For the 2-day interval group, the highest rate (98.2%) was obtained on the 6th insemination.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.468-474
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare bacterial diversity on the removable partial denture (RPD) framework over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This descriptive pilot study included five women who were rehabilitated with free-end mandibular RPD. The biofilm on T-bar clasps were collected 1 week ($t_1$) and 4 months ($t_2$) after the RPD was inserted ($t_0$). Bacterial 16S rDNA was extracted and PCR amplified. Amplicons were cloned; clones were submitted to cycle sequencing, and sequences were compared with GenBank (98% similarity). RESULTS. A total of 180 sequences with more than 499 bp were obtained. Two phylogenetic trees with 84 ($t_1$) and 96 ($t_2$) clones represented the bacteria biofilm at the RPD. About 93% of the obtained phylotypes fell into 25 known species for $t_1$ and 17 for $t_2$, which were grouped in 5 phyla: Firmicutes ($t_1=82%$; $t_2=60%$), Actinobacteria ($t_1=5%$; $t_2=10%$), Bacteroidetes ($t_1=2%$; $t_2=6%$), Proteobacteria ($t_1=10%$; $t_2=15%$) and Fusobacteria ($t_1=1%$; $t_2=8%$). The libraries also include 3 novel phylotypes for $t_1$ and 11 for $t_2$. Library $t_2$ differs from $t_1$ (P=.004); $t_1$ is a subset of the $t_2$ (P=.052). Periodontal pathogens, such as F. nucleatum, were more prevalent in $t_2$. CONCLUSION. The biofilm composition of the RPD metal clasps changed along time after RPD wearing. The RPD framework may act as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic bacteria and the RPD wearers may benefit from regular follow-up visits and strategies on prosthesis-related oral health instructions.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.25 no.1_2
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• pp.329-337
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• 2007

In the paper, we obtain the existence of positive solutions and establish a corresponding iterative scheme for BVPs $$\{^{\;(\phi_p(u'))'\;+\;q(t)f(t,u)=0,\;0\;<\;t\;<\;1,}_{\;u(0)\;-\;B(u'({\eta}))\;=\;0,\;u'(1)\;=\;0}$$ and $$\{^{\;(\phi_p(u'))'\;+\;q(t)f(t,u)=0,\;0\;<\;t\;<\;1,}_{\;u'(0)\;=\;0,\;u(1)+B(u'(\eta))\;=\;0.}$$. The main tool is the monotone iterative technique. Here, the coefficient q(t) may be singular at t = 0, 1.