• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.34 no.3_4
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• pp.269-284
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• 2016

In this paper, we firstly use Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem to investigate positive solutions for the following three-point boundary value problems for p-Laplacian with a parameter $({\phi}_P(D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(t)))^{\prime}+{\lambda}f(t, u(t))=0$, 0$D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(0)=u(0)=u{\prime}{\prime}(0)=0$, $u^{\prime}(1)={\gamma}u^{\prime}(\eta)$ where ϕ_p(s) = |s|^p−2s, p > 1, $D^{\alpha}_{0^+}$ is the Caputo's derivative, α ∈ (2, 3], η, γ ∈ (0, 1), λ > 0 is a parameter. Then we use Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem to study the existence of three positive solutions for the fractional boundary value problem $({\phi}_P(D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(t)))^{\prime}+f(t, u(t))=0$, 0$D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(0)=u(0)=u{\prime}{\prime}(0)=0$, $u^{\prime}(1)={\gamma}u^{\prime}(\eta)$ where ϕ_p(s) = |s|^p−2s, p > 1, $D^{\alpha}_{0^+}$ is the Caputo's derivative, α ∈ (2, 3], η, γ ∈ (0, 1).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1041-1048
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of grape peel on the physicochemical properties of ground pork stored at 4℃ for 10 d. Four types of ground pork were evaluated: T0 without grape peel, T1 with 0.3% grape peel, T2 with 0.7% grape peel, and T3 with 1.0% grape peel. The pH increased during storage, with that of T3 the lowest (p<0.05). The L-value and a-value decreased during storage, and the a-values of T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of T0 and T1 (p<0.05). The b-values of T0 and T1 increased with a longer storage period (p<0.05), but those of T2 and T3 were not significantly changed. The TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) content increased with a longer storage period, and the TBARS content of both T2 and T3 was significantly lower than that of T0 and T1 (p<0.05). DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity declined with a longer storage period, and the activity of T2 and T3 was significantly higher than that of T0 and T1 (p<0.05). The VBN content of T0 and T1 also increased with a longer storage period (p<0.05), but the VBN content of T2 and T3 was not significantly changed. After storage for 4 d, the water-holding capacity declined and cooking loss and hardness increased (p<0.05), and these parameters were not significantly different among any samples. Chewiness increased with a longer storage period (p<0.05). The results suggest that the addition of grape peel to ground pork can enhance its functionality.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.985-1000
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• 2010

Sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear nonlocal boundary value problems of the type -x"(t) = f(t, y(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), -y"(t) = g(t, x(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), x(0) = y(0) = 0, x(1) = ${\alpha}x(\eta)$, y(1) = ${\alpha}y(\eta)$, are obtained. The nonlinearities f, g : (0,1) $\times$ (0, $\infty$ ) $\rightarrow$ (0, $\infty$) are continuous and may be singular at t = 0, t = 1, x = 0, or y = 0. The parameters $\eta$, $\alpha$, satisfy ${\eta}\;{\in}\;$ (0,1), 0 < $\alpha$ < $1/{\eta}$. An example is provided to illustrate the results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.228-239
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• 1995

A model experiment on the pair midwater trawl net which is prevailing in Denmark is carried out to get the basic data available for Korean pair bottom trawlers. The model net was made in 1/30 scale considering the Tauti's Similarity law of fishing gear and the dimension of experimental tank. The vertical opening, horizontal opening, towing tension and net working depth of the model net were determined in the tank within the towing velocity 0.46~1.15m/sec, front weight 15.5~62.0g and distance between paired boats 5~8m(which correpond to 2~5k't in towing velocity, 70~280kg in weight and 150~240m in distance respectively in the prototype net). The results got from the model experiment can be converted into the full scale net as follows; 1. Vertical opening showed the largest value of 32m at the condition of 2k't in towing velocity, 280kg in front weight and 150m in the distance between paired boats, and the smallest value of 6m at the condition of 5k't in towing velocity, 70kg in front weight and 240m in the distance between paired boats. 2. Horizontal opening showed the largest value of 45m at the condition of 5k't in towing velocity, 70kg in front weight and 240m in the distance between paired boats, and the smallest value of 33m at the condition of 2k't in towing velocity, 280kg in front weight and 150m in the distance between paired boats. 3. Towing tension showed the largest value of 10, 000kg at the condition of 5k't in towing velocity, 280kg in front weight and 240m in the distance between paired boats, and the smallest value of 1, 600kg at the condition of 2k't in towing velocity, 70kg in front weight and 150m in the distance between paired boats. 4. Net working depth showed the largest value of 38m at the condition of 2k't in towing velocity, 280kg in front weight and 150m in the distance between paired boats, and the smallest value of 6m at the condition of 5k't in towing velocity, 70kg in front weight and 240m in the distance between paired boats. 5. Net opening area showed the largest value of 1, 100m super(2) at the condition of 2k't in towing velocity, 280kg in front weight and 180m in the distance between paired boats, and the smallest value of 250m super(2) at the condition of 5k't in towing velocity, 70kg in front weight and 240m in the distance between paired boats.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to compare the fresh yield and dry matter yield, and nutritive values of whole crop barley treated with Urea (200 kg/ha, T2) and ammonium sulfate fertilizer as 200 kg/ha (T3), 300 kg/ha (T4) and 400 kg/ha (T5) at the Bae-Ho reclaimed tideland. Korea from 2003 to 2005. Salt contents of soil in the ammonium sulfate plots (T3, T4, T5) were lower than those of T2. The fresh yields of ammonium sulfate plots (T3, T4, T5) were higher than those of T2 as 62% (p>0.05), 41% (p>0.05) and 23% (p<0.05), respectively. The dry matter yield of T3, T4 and T5 (ammonium sulfate) was significantly (p<0.05) higher at 5,080 kg/ha, 4,667 ka/ha, 4,040 kg/ha, respectively. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) yield tends to have a similar result. Crude protein (CP) content was highest in T3 and CP trends to decrease as the level of ammonium sulfate was increased. Total digestible nutrient (TDN) were high in T3 and T4. The sodium content of T3 and T4 were lower than T2. Based on the study, it was more desirable to use ammonium sulfate (200 kg N/ha) rather than Urea as fertilizer on reclaimed land in terms of forage production and nutritive value.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

Generation and transportation of runoff and pollutant loads within watershed generated eutrophication at Daecheong reservoir. To improve water quality at Daecheong reservoir, the best management practices should be developed and applied at upper watersheds for water quality improvement at downstream areas. In this study, two small watersheds of upper Daecheong reservoir were selected. The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) model has been widely used for the estimation of the direct runoff worldwide. To apply the L-THIA ArcView GIS model was evaluated for direct runoff and water quality estimation at small watershed. And the Web-based Hydrograph Analysis Tool (WHAT) was used for direct runoff separating from total flow. As a result, the $R^2$ (Coefficient of determination) value and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient value for direct runoff comparison at An-nae watershed were 0.81 and 0.71, respectively. And the $R^2$ value and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient value at Wol-oe were 0.95 and 0.93. The $R^2$ value of BOD, TOC, T-N and T-P at An-nae watershed were BOD 0.94, TOC 0.81, T-N 0.94 and T-P 0.89. And the $R^2$ value of BOD, TOC, T-N and T-P at Wol-oe watershed were BOD 0.80, TOC 0.93, T-N 0.86 and T-P 0.65. The result that estimated pollutant loadings using the L-THIA ArcView GIS model reflected well the measured pollutant loadings except for T-P in Wol-oe watershed. With L-THIA ArcView GIS model, the direct runoff and non-point pollutant (NPS) loadings in the watershed could be analyzed through simple input data such as daily rainfall, land uses, and hydrologic soil group.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2010

In this paper, we consider the existence of nontrivial solutions for the nonlinear fractional differential equation boundary-value problem(BVP) $-D_0^{\alpha}+u(t)=\lambda[f(t, u(t))+q(t)]$, 0 < t < 1 u(0) = u(1) = 0, where $\lambda$ > 0 is a parameter, 1 < $\alpha$ $\leq$ 2, $D_{0+}^{\alpha}$ is the standard Riemann-Liouville differentiation, f : [0, 1] ${\times}{\mathbb{R}}{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{R}}$ is continuous, and q(t) : (0, 1) $\rightarrow$ [0, $+\infty$] is Lebesgue integrable. We obtain serval sufficient conditions of the existence and uniqueness of nontrivial solution of BVP when $\lambda$ in some interval. Our approach is based on Leray-Schauder nonlinear alternative. Particularly, we do not use the nonnegative assumption and monotonicity which was essential for the technique used in almost all existed literature on f.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Korean red pine bark extract as an antibiotic replacements on cholesterol, fatty acids and the shelf-life of chicken meat. To accomplish this, chickens were fed the optimal level of red pine bark extract that was found to replace antibiotics in the diet of broilers. A total of 180 male broilers(Ross strain 308) were divided into three treated groups, T1(control group), T2(8 ppm of avilamycin) and T3(65 ppm of red pine bark extract per kg diet). The lipid content was reduced by 24.67% and 20.49% in T3 group, while the cholesterol level also decreased significantly in the T3 group by 20.49% and 20.55% when compared to the T1 and T2 groups, respectively. In addition, the saturated fatty acid level was lower in the T3 group than in the T1 and T2 groups, while the unsaturated fatty acid level of the T3 group was significantly higher than those of the other groups. The TBARS value of chicken thigh muscle containing its skin on the 7th day of low temperature storage was significantly lower by 23.86% and 21.17% in the T3 group than in the T1 and T2 groups, respectively. Evaluation of the color of the meat revealed that the $L^*$value (lightness) and $b^*$value(yellowness) were higher in the T3 group than in the T1 and the T2 groups, but that the pH was significantly lower in the T3. Based on the results of this study, the addition of 65 ppm red pine bark extract to the diet of broilers should improve their meat quality with respect to the lipid contents and shelf-life when compared to the addition of antibiotics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.896-902
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the substitution effect of red beet powder on sodium nitrite in emulsion-type pork sausages, and to investigate the effect of the addition of red beet powder on the physicochemical characteristics of emulsion-type pork sausages at 10℃ for 6 weeks. The treatments were divided into five groups: Control (sodium nitrite 0.01%), T1 (sodium nitrite 0.005% + red beet powder 0.5%), T2 (sodium nitrite 0.005% + red beet powder 0.25%), T3 (red beet powder 0.5%), and T4 (red beet powder 0.25%). In the CIE^*I didn’t delete this asterisk (*) because it might be a marker for something you wish to add later, but please note that if there is no significance for the asterisk, it should be removed as a typographical error. color of emulsion-type pork sausages, the lightness value of the control was significantly higher than for the other groups (p＜0.05). The redness value was higher in T1, whereas the yellowness value was higher in the T3 and T4 groups compared with the others (p＜0.05). The pH values of emulsion-type pork sausages were significantly decreased in the T3 and T4 groups by the addition of red beet powder (p＜0.05). However, the DPPH radical-scavenging activity was higher in the T1 and T3 groups than in the others (p＜0.05). The residual nitrite ion was the highest in the control group (p＜0.05). Therefore, it is determined that red beet powder can substitute for nitrite as a natural colorant, and it has a slightly antioxidant effect in emulsion-type pork sausages.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.289-292
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• 1997

A grazing trial was carried out to determine the effects of different grass/legume pastures on forage production, legume proportion, nutritive value, and animal performance. The pasture mixtures were mainly orchardgrass (OG) + ladino clover (T1), OG + alfalfa (T2), perennial ryegrass + alfalfa (T3), and grass alone mainly OG (T4). The pastures were rotationally grazed 7 times with heifers which had an initial liveweight of about 243 kg in 1991 and 1992. The average plant height at each grazing was 32.4 cm. The annual dry matter yield ranged from 9.19 MT in T4 to 9.61 MT/ha in T3, but no significant difference among different mixture combinations was found. The proportion of ladino clover in T1 mixtures rapidly increased from 21% to 68% during the grazing season. However, the proportion of alfalfa in T2 and T3 ranged from 12% to 23%. The contents of crude protein and calcium, respectively, in the forages were highest in T1 (23.2%, 0.68%) and lowest in T4 (18.5%, 0.13%), while crude fiber content showed the opposite trends. Liveweight gain was greatest on T1 (1.073 kg) and lowest on T4 (643 kg). It was concluded that pasture mixtures containing legume (ladino clover) can increase forage nutritive value and animal performance.