• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제17권1_2_3호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2005

In this paper we observe the structure of the roots of q-Bernoulli polynomials, ${\beta}_n(w,h{\mid}q)$, using numerical investigation. By numerical experiments, we demonstrate a remarkably regular structure of the real roots of ${\beta}_n(w,h{\mid}q)$ for $-{\frac{1}{5}},-{\frac{1}{2}}$. Finally, we give a table for numbers of real and complex zeros of ${\beta}_n(w,h{\mid}q)$.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.1787-1794
• /
• 2008

Coenzyme $Q_{10}$과 그 유도체 coenzyme $Q_n$ 6종을 합성하고, 이들 유도체에 대하여 상피세포(LLC-PK1 cell)를 이용한 항산화 효과와 NIH/3T3 세포를 이용한 세포독성 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 합성한 coenzyme $Q_n$ 유도체들이 coenzyme $Q_{10}$에 비해 우수한 항산화 효과를 나타내었으며, 그 중 coenzyme $Q_3$-C가 모든 농도에서 $107.7{\sim}135.9%$로 가장 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. 또한, 모든 coenzyme $Q_n$ 유도체들이 Coenzyme $Q_{10}$과 유사한 세포독성을 나타내었다. Coenzyme $Q_n$의 n수에 따른 항산화 효과 및 세포독성 실험에서 isoprene unit의 수가 적은 유도체들에서 우수한 효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.80-94
• /
• 1992

To inspect the changing of the forest soil and plants community structrure by air plooutand & acid rain during from September to November in 1990, the smapling sites were selected in the Piwon, Namsan and Kwangnung forest. In sites, plots were set up in Q. aliena forest at Piwon, Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora forest at Namsan and Q. mongolica and Pinus densiflora forest at Kwangnung. To obtain the individual number of trees, number of species, importance values and species diversity, using the Curtis & McIntosh methods. The results are following that; 1) In Pinus densiflora community, it was almost dominated by Q. spp. in the canopy layer and P. densiflora and Carpinus laxiflora through the subtree to shrub layer at Kwangnung. It wassaid that C. laxiflora is the climax species in moddle temperature zone. On the contrary, in Namsan forest, there is no appearance thesamplings of P. densiflora & C. laxiflora, but Styrax japonica and Stephanandra incisa that are acid-tolerance species are dominant ones. On the other hand, in Q. spp. community, Q. spp. and C. laxiflora are dominant ones. On the other hand, in Q. spp. community, Q. spp. and C. laxiflora are dominant species through all layer, and in addition C. cordata somewhat appear at Kwangnung. But at Namsan and Piwon forest, Q. mongolica & Q. aliena that were dominant species in canopy layer disappeared in the subtreeand shrub layer, and C. laxiflora and Corunus cordata absolutely disappeared. It were similarly dominated by Robinia pseudo-acacia, Styrax japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Rhododendrn mucronulatum and so on at Namsn and Piwon forest. In the light of these facts, it found out that disclimax was similar between Namsan and Piwon forest. 2) Species diversity and maximum species diversity were decreased in Kwangnumg, Namsan, Piwon in order. It was xpected that vegetational community was affected by environmental pollutant. 3) As the vegetational community structure analyses, using DCA technique among the ordination, ecological successional series are stopped to Q. spp. from P. densiflora at Namsan and Piwon, but that of Kwangnung is on the way that P. densiflora, Q. alena, C. laxiflora. It was obvi ously different from Namsan and Piwon. 4) In Q. spp. & P. densiflora community, the number of woody plants inNamsan & Piwon is much less than that of Kwangnung through all Layer. Especially, Piwon shown very severe difference. Through all community, the number of individuals of Piwon and Namsan are less than that of Kwangnung. Specially, that of the shrub layer is obvious. 5) In the growth rate of trees, it found out that all sites showed the growth decline phenomena. Especially, since in 1975, there have been the micro disclimax phenomena in Q. community of Kwangnung. 6) In the Q. community, soil acidity of Namsan & Piwon measured 4.57, 4.40 respectively. It was very strong acidity and far lower than that of Kwangnung. Also the content amount of Mg++ in Namsan & Piwon forest were still lower than Kwangnung.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.425-436
• /
• 2015

The carbon cycle came into the spotlight due to the climate change and forests are well-known for their capacity to store carbon amongst other terrestrial ecosystems. The annual organic carbon of litter production, forest floor litter layer, soil, aboveground and belowground part of plant, standing biomass, net primary production, uptake of organic carbon, soil respiration, etc. were measured in Mt. Worak in order to understand the production and carbon budget of Quercus serrata forest that are widely spread in the central and southern part of the Korean Peninsula. The total amount of organic carbon of Q. serrata forest during the study period (2010-2013) was 130.745 ton C ha^-1. The aboveground part of plant, belowground part of plant, forest floor litter layer, and organic carbon in soil was 50.041, 12.510, 4.075, and 64.119 ton C ha^-1, respectively. The total average of carbon fixation in plants from photosynthesis was 4.935 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1 and organic carbon released from soil respiration to microbial respiration was 3.972 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. As a result, the net ecosystem production of Q. serrata forest estimated from carbon fixation and soil respiration was 0.963 ton C ha^-1 yr^-1. Therefore, it seems that Q. serrata forest can act as a sink that absorbs carbon from the atmosphere. The carbon uptake of Q. serrata forest was highest in stem of the plant and the research site had young forest which had many trees with small diameter at breast height (DBH). Consequentially, it seems that active matter production and vigorous carbon dioxide assimilation occurred in Q. serrata forest and these results have proven to be effective for Q. serrata forest to play a role as carbon storage and NEP.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.349-358
• /
• 2017

The cyclic group $C_n={\langle}(12{\cdots}n){\rangle}$ acts on the set $(^{[n]}_k)$ of all k-subsets of [n]. In this action of $C_n$ the number of orbits of size d, for d | n, is $$O^{n,k}_d={\frac{1}{d}}{\sum\limits_{{\frac{n}{d}}{\mid}s{\mid}n}}{\mu}({\frac{ds}{n}})(^{n/s}_{k/s})$$. Stanton and White [6] generalized the above identity to construct the orbit polynomials $$O^{n,k}_d(q)={\frac{1}{[d]_{q^{n/d}}}}{\sum\limits_{{\frac{n}{d}}{\mid}s{\mid}n}}{\mu}({\frac{ds}{n}})[^{n/s}_{k/s}]_{q^s}$$ and conjectured that $O^{n,k}_d(q)$ have non-negative coefficients. In this paper we give a constructive proof for the positivity of coefficients of the orbit polynomial $O^{n,2}_d(q)$.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.85-100
• /
• 1994

This study was to analyze the relationship between the community or species and environmental variables of the vegetation landscape in Naejangsan National Park. The analysis was performed by the ordination of DCA and CCA. The study was to compare and analyze the species composition status by the layer and the growth characterisics of the following vegetations ; Torreya nucifera community, Quercus variabilis - Acer palmatum community, Q. variabilis community, Q. variabilis - Sasa purpurascens community and Daphniphyllam macropodum community. The results are as follows; 1. The result of the study on the relationshkp between the stand scores of DCA ordination and environmental variables showed that the soil pH, the ammount of AV-P2O5 and the ammount of C.E.C. tend to increase while Pinus densiflora community changes to Q. variabilis - Q. serrata community and finally Carpinus laxiflora species community siginigicantly. The relation between the stand scores of CCA ordination and several enviromental variables suggested that the species of C. laxiflora and C. tschonoskii the species of Q. cariabilis and Q. serrata the species of C. pisifera, P. densiflora and Q. aliana in sequence grows in more fertile soil. 2. As the result of the analysis of the T. nucifera community showed, reproduction did not increase, and the characteristic of growth was not affected. The result is shown in the growth curve that was damaged by the climate and the human interference. 3. The A. palmatum was found to be as minor species in the middle layer and the crown areas did not have sufficient crown. 4. The result of the analysis of the relationship between Q. variabilis community and Q. variabilis - S. purpurascens community showed a decreasing tendency in the growth and number of species. 5. D. macropodum which constituted the dominance species in the middle layer had a nomal growth curve, and then the successional trend of D. macropodum species seems to be located in the climax species.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.425-435
• /
• 2020

We explore the Pauli table C^(-1) and nonzero Pauli table W. Recurrence rules and interrelationships of any k slope diagonal sums over C^(-1) and W are studied in connection with diagonal sums of the Pascal table C⁽¹⁾. Since diagonal sums of C⁽¹⁾ are Fibonacci numbers, any k slope diagonal sums over C^(-1) and W are explained by Fibonacci numbers.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.241-254
• /
• 2012

This paper studies the relationship between SCM(Supply Chain Management) metrics and corporate value (Tobin's Q) for manufacturing and wholesale/retail firms in Korea. Specifically, the multiple regression analysis is used to investigate the relationships 1) between inventory level, inventory turns, and days of inventory and Tobin's Q and 2) between cash-to-cash (C2C) cycle time including its components such as days of inventory, days sales outstanding, and days payable outstanding and Tobin's Q. The results indicate that there exist statistically significant negative relationships between inventory levels and days of inventory (DOI) and Tobin's Q. Also, we found that there exist commonly known negative correlations between days of raw materials inventory and days of work in process (WIP) inventory and Tobin's Q. For the C2C cycle time, we found that there -exists a statistically significant negative relationship between the C2C cycle time and Tobin's Q. Also, we found that there exist commonly known correlations between the two components of C2C cycle time and Tobin's Q such as the negative for DOI and days sales outstanding. This study clearly shows the negative relationship in general between inventory levels and corporate value and between C2C time and corporate value, and this kind of result has not been found by previous studies in Korea.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제35권1_2호
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2017

This study is concerned with the existence of positive solution for the following nonlinear elliptic system $$\{-M_1(\int_{\Omega}{\mid}x{\mid}^{-ap}{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^pdx)div({\mid}x{\mid}^{-ap}{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{p-2}{\nabla}u)\\{\hfill{120}}={\mid}x{\mid}^{-(a+1)p+c_1}\({\alpha}_1A_1(x)f(v)+{\beta}_1B_1(x)h(u)\),\;x{\in}{\Omega},\\-M_2(\int_{\Omega}{\mid}x{\mid}^{-bq}{\mid}{\nabla}v{\mid}^qdx)div({\mid}x{\mid}^{-bq}{\mid}{\nabla}v{\mid}^{q-2}{\nabla}v)\\{\hfill{120}}={\mid}x{\mid}^{-(b+1)q+c_2}\({\alpha}_2A_2(x)g(u)+{\beta}_2B_2(x)k(v)\),\;x{\in}{\Omega},\\{u=v=0,\;x{\in}{\partial}{\Omega},$$ where ${\Omega}$ is a bounded smooth domain of ${\mathbb{R}}^N$ with $0{\in}{\Omega}$, 1 < p, q < N, $0{\leq}a$ < $\frac{N-p}{p}$, $0{\leq}b$ < $\frac{N-q}{q}$ and ${\alpha}_i,{\beta}_i,c_i$ are positive parameters. Here $M_i,A_i,B_i,f,g,h,k$ are continuous functions and we discuss the existence of positive solution when they satisfy certain additional conditions. Our approach is based on the sub and super solutions method.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 온열요법, 그 중 습열(moist heat)과 건열(dry heat)의 적용이 면역 활성의 변동에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 건강에 이상이 없는 연령 23${\sim}$32세, 신장 171.0${\pm}$1.2cm, 체중 68.0${\pm}$2.2kg의 남성 15명과 연령 22${\sim}$24세, 신장 159.5${\pm}$1.2cm, 체중 54.6${\pm}$2.4kg의 여성 15명을 대상으로 인체에 온열침수 (핫팩(KRS 12P, Karis Co., Korea))와 적외선 (발광 적외선등(Infrared, Ilshin Co., Korea))을 적용하여 보체와 같은 면역-활성 물질의 추이를 살펴보았다. 연구의 결과로써, 온열침수와 적외선을 적용한 결과 온열침수와 적외선 적용으로 보체 성분의 변동은 온열침수 적용으로 C1q의 유의한 감소와 C3(여성의 경우) 및 C4의 감소가 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 적외선의 경우 C1q와 C3 및 C4의 증감에 별다른 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 이러한 연구의 결과로 미루어 온열침수의 적용으로 보체계의 활성을 확인할 수 있었으며 이러한 면역-활성의 증가는 선택적 경로(alternative pathway)가 아닌 고전적 경로(classical pathway)를 통해 이루어짐을 추정할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 극히 부분적 결과를 나타내지만, 온열침수와 적외선 적용으로 면역-증강효과가 다소 존재하는 것으로 사료된다.