• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2023

Objective: To investigate the potential correlation between fixed orthodontic retention failure and several patient- and treatment-related factors. Methods: Patients finishing treatment with fixed appliances between 2016 and 2017 were retrospectively included in this study. Those not showing fixed retention failure were considered as control group. Patients with fixed retention failure were considered as the experimental group. Additionally, patients with failure of fixed retainers in the period of June 2019 to March 2021 were prospectively identified and included in the experimental group. The location of the first retention failure, sex, pretreatment dental occlusion, facial characteristics, posttreatment dental occlusion, treatment approach and presence of oral habits were compared between groups before and after treatment separately by using a Fisher exact test and a Mann-Whitney U test. Results: 206 patients with fixed retention failure were included, 169 in the mandibular and 74 in the maxillary jaws. Significant correlations were observed between retention failure in the mandibular jaws and mandibular arch length discrepancy (P = 0.010), post-treatment growth pattern (P = 0.041), nail biting (P < 0.001) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.002). Retention failure in the maxillary jaws was more frequent in patients with IPR in the mandibular jaws (P = 0.005) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.021). Conclusions: This study suggests a correlation between fixed retention failure and parafunctional habits, such as nail biting and abnormal tongue function. Prospective studies with larger study populations could further confirm these results.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권43호
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• pp.277.1-277.10
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• 2018

Background: To examine survival rates and renal function after partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: We studied 4,332 patients who underwent PN or RN for pathological T1a-T2N0M0 renal cell carcinoma from 1988 to 2014. Patients were divided into two subgroups of CKD stage I-II and stage III. Kidney function, and survival outcomes were compared between groups. Results: We included 1,756 patients with CKD I-II and 276 patients with CKD III in the final pair-matched analysis. Kidney function was significantly better preserved in the PN than in the RN group among all patients. However, the beneficial effect of PN on kidney function gradually disappeared over time in CKD III patients. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates after PN and RN differed in patients with CKD I-II disease (99.4% vs. 96.5%, respectively, P = 0.015). The 5-year OS rates after surgery were not affected by mode of nephrectomy in CKD III patients (97.8% vs. 93.5%, P = 0.103). The 5-year cancer-specific survival rates did not differ between treatment groups in all CKD stage. Cox hazard analysis showed that the operative method was a significant factor for OS in CKD I-II patients (hazard ratio [HR], 0.320; confidence interval [CI], 0.122-0.840; P = 0.021). However, PN was not beneficial in terms of OS in CKD III patients (HR, 0.395; CI, 0.086-1.172; P = 0.117). Conclusion: PN is associated with a higher OS rate and better kidney function in patients with preoperative CKD stage I and II, but not in those with CKD stage III.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2018

The aim of study is to contribute to this knowledge-base by investigating the respiratory function, the metabolic rate and the difference of physiological responses un-der low water temperature ($20^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}15^{\circ}C$) stress be-tween diploid and triploid far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. During the 48 hrs of water temperature stress exposure time, the respiratory frequencies, $CO_2$ and ${NH_4}^+$ concentrations of diploid had higher values than those of triploid (p<0.05). However, pH of triploid was higher than those of diploid (p<0.05), and oxygen consumption rate was not different between diploid and triploid (p>0.05). The level of plasma cortisol and plasma glucose of triploid was lower than those of the diploid (p<0.05). However, in case of lactic acid, there were not significant between triploid and diploid (p>0.05). These results suggest that diploid was more sensitive for low water temperature stress response than triploid in this species.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.857-866
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• 2011

This study examined the metabolism of free radicals in hepatic mitochondria of goats induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and investigated the effects of melatonin (MT). Forty-eight healthy goats ($10{\pm}1.2\;kg$) were randomly selected and divided into four groups: saline control, LPS, MT+LPS and MT. The goats within each group were3 sacrificed either 3 or 6 h after treatment and the livers removed to isolate mitochondria. The respiration control ratio (RCR), the ADP:O ratio, the oxidative phosphorylation ratio (OPR), the concentration of $H_2O_2$ and the activities of Complex I-IV were determined. The mitochondrial membrane potential ($\Delta\psi_m$) was analyzed by flow cytometry. The results showed that RCR, O/P and OPR of the LPS group decreased (p<0.05), as well as activities of respiratory complexes, whereas the generation of $H_2O_2$ in Complex III increased (p<0.05) after 3 h, while Complex II and III increased after 6 h. Also, it was found that the mitochondrial membrane potential of the LPS group declined (p<0.05). However, pre-treatment with MT attenuated the injury induced by LPS, which not only presented higher (p<0.05) RCR, O/P, OPR, and respiratory complex activities, but also maintained the $\Delta\psi_m$. Interestingly, it is revealed that, in the MT+LPS group, the generation of $H_2O_2$ increased firstly in 3 h, and then significantly (p<0.05).decreased after 6 h. In the MT group, the function of mitochondria, the transmenbrane potential and the generation of $H_2O_2$ were obviously improved compared to the control group. Conclusion: melatonin prevents damage caused by LPS on hepatic mitochondria of goats.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2012

Ginseng has a long history of use for health enhancement, and there is some evidence from animal studies that it has a beneficial effect on cognitive performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Korean red ginseng on cognitive performance in humans. A total of 15 healthy young males with no psychiatric or cognitive problems were selected based on an interview with a board-certified psychiatrist. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive a daily dose of 4,500 mg red ginseng or placebo for a 2-week trial. There were 8 subjects in the red ginseng group and 7 subjects in the placebo group. All of the subjects were analyzed with the Vienna test system and a P300 event-related potential (ERP) test. There were no significant differences in the Vienna test system scores between the red ginseng group and the placebo group. In the event-related potential test, the C3 latency of the red ginseng group tended to decrease during the study period (p=0.005). After 2 wk, significant decreases were observed in the P300 latencies at Cz (p=0.008), C3 (p=0.005), C4 (p=0.002), and C mean (p=0.003) in the red ginseng group. Our results suggest that the decreased latency in ERP is associated with improved cognitive function. Further studies with a higher dosage of ginseng, a larger sample size, and a longer follow-up period are necessary to confirm the clinical efficacy of Korean red ginseng.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2018

Purpose: Despite meticulous techniques, surgical complications continue to be problematic in kidney transplant recipients. Role of routine stenting to reduce complications is controversial. In this study, we compare incidence of early urological complications, lymphoceles, urinary tract infections (UTI) and graft function; with or without double-J stenting. Materials and Methods: All patients who underwent live related donor renal transplantation from February 2014 to February 2016 were included. Transplants prior to February 2015 were without routine stenting; subsequent transplants were with routine stenting. Patients with neurogenic bladder, previously operated bladder and delayed or low urinary output were excluded. Followup was for at least three months. Descriptive statistics was performed for all parameters. Chi square test and Fisher's Exact test were used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables, Mann-Whitney test was used to test median difference and independent samples t-test for mean difference. The p-value ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: We analysed 74 patients (34 stented and 40 non-stented). There was no difference in the incidence of urinary leak, anastomotic obstruction, lymphoceles or UTI (p>0.4 for all comparisons). However, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate at sixth day, 14th day, one month and two months were 76.1 vs. 61.5 (p=0.025), 72.1 vs. 56.6 (p=0.005), 79.4 vs. 63.1 (p=0.002) and 82.0 vs. 63.3 (p=0.001) in the stented versus non-stented groups. Conclusions: Placement of ureteral stent in renal transplant does not significantly affect the incidence of early urinary complications or UTI. However, graft function is significantly better in stented recipients, at least in the short term.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2019

본 연구는 경증 알츠하이머 치매 노인의 베타 아밀로이드 및 혈중 지질 수준과 인지기능 간의 상관관계를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구의 대상자는 경증 알츠하이머 치매 노인 45명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 2018년 12월 베타 아밀로이드 및 혈중 지질 수준을 측정하기 위해 혈액 분석을 실시하였으며, 인지기능의 측정을 위해 MMSE-K 검사를 이용하여 측정하였다. 베타 아밀로이드 및 혈중 지질 수준과 인지기능 간의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 Pearson's correlation analysis를 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 베타 아밀로이드 수준과 인지기능 간의 상관관계에서는 -.604로 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(p<.05), 혈중 지질 수준과 인지기능 간의 상관관계에서는 TC(total cholesterol)와 LDL(low density lipoprotein) 수준에서 각각 -.601, -.403로 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였다(p<.05). 이와 같은 결과는 베타아밀로이드 및 TC, LDL 수준이 증가할수록 인지기능이 감소하는 음의 상관관계가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이처럼 치매 환자의 예방 및 인지기능의 증진을 위해서 치매 관련 병리학적 인자의 관리가 중요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2015

목적: 본 연구에서는 수직사위 처방 후 시간이 경과 후 사위 변화와 각 변수값의 상관관계와 변화를 보고자 하였다. 방법: 수직프리즘을 처방받은 10~30대 80명을 대상으로 프리즘 처방 시와 1년 후 재방문 시 근거리 수직사위 및 처방에 필요한 예비검사와 양안시검사를 실시하였다. 결과: 사위(p=0.000), 상방개산력(p=0.000), 폭주근점(p=0.003) 조절근점(우안)(p=.005) 조절근점(좌안)(p=0.000]은 유의한 변화를 보였다. 결론: 수직사위에 대한 수직프리즘 처방량은 재방문 시 감소하였고, 사위, 상방개산력, 폭주근점, 조절근점(우안), 조절근점(좌안)은 프리즘 처방 전과 재방문 시 유의한 변화를 보였다. 양안조절래그는 수직프리즘 처방량과 양안시검사값 등과 큰 연관성이 없었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1986

한국산 퉁가리속 어류의 종간및 종내 집단간의 유전적 근연관계와 변이정도를 알아보기 위하여 남한의 6개 수계의 7개 지역에서 채집된 420개분 표본을 대상으로 전기영동에 의한 유전자분석과 형태비교를 실시하였다. 집단간 유전적 변이정도를 분석한 결과 L. andersoni 3개 집단에서는 P=21.3%, H=0.068이였고 L. mediadiposalis 의 경우는 P=16.3%, H=0.056으로 나타났다. 또 L.andersoni 및 L. mediadiposalis 의 집단간 유전적 평균근연치는 각기 S=0.592, S=0.675이었고 그 중 금강집단이 가장 근연치가 먼 것으로 나타났으며 종간 근연치는 S=0.530이었다. 외부형태형질에 대한 discriminant function analysis를 실시한 결과 L. andersoni 의 금강 집단이 뚜렷하게 구분되어 전기영동결과와 일치함을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서와 같이 종내 집단간에서도 현저한 유전적 차이를 나타내고 었어 같은 수 계안의 집단간에 대하여서도 더욱 자세한 유전적, 형태적 비교분석이 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2009

목적: 사구체여과율(Glomerular Filtration Rate, GFR)은 신장 기능의 평가, 의심되는 신장질환의 진단 및 만성적인 신질환에서의 질병의 경과 관찰에 중요한 지표가 되며 다양한 방법을 이용하여 측정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 Gates 방법으로 측정되는 사구체여과율, 혈청 크레아티닌을 기초로 한 Cockcroft-Gault (C-G), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) 공식으로 계산한 사구체여과율을 비교하고자 하였다. 실험재료 및 방법: 18세 이상의 다양한 신기능을 가진 217명(남자 127명, 여자 90명, 평균 연령 $51.3{\pm}16.9$세)을 대상으로 하였다. $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA GFR과 혈청 크레아티닌(Serum Cr)을 기초로 한 C-G공식, MDRD 공식으로 계산한 사구체여과율을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA (Gates) GFR은 C-G공식(r=0.864, p<0.0001) 및 MDRD 공식(r=0.831, p<0.0001)과 각각 유의한 상관관계가 있었고, C-C 공식과 MDRD 공식을 이용한 사구체 여과율 사이에도 상관관계가 우수하였다(r=0.933, p<0.0001). 혈청 크레아티닌의 평균은 $3.0{\pm}3.1\;mg/dL$으로 정상 신기능(Scr<1.5mg/dL) 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA GFR (Gates)과 C-G공식(p<0.0001), MDRD 공식(p<0.0001)은 통계적으로 유의하였다. 경증 신부전(Scr 1.5~4.0 mg/dL) 환자에서 Tc-99m DTPA (Gates) GFR과 C-G 공식(p=0.181), MDRD 공식(p=0.127)은 유의한 차이는 없었다. 중증 신부전(Scr>4.0 mg/dL) 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA (Gates) GFR과 C-G 공식(p<0.0001), MDRD 공식(p<0.0001)은 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결론: Gates 방법을 이용한 사구체여과율, C-G, MDRD 공식으로 계산한 사구체여과율 사이에 유의한 상관관계를 확인하였다. 정상 신기능 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA (Gates) GFR은 C-G, MDRD 공식보다 각각 낮았다. 경증 신부전 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA (Gates) GFR과 C-G 공식, MDRD 공식으로 계산한 사구체여과율은 유사하였고, 중증 신부전 환자에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA (Gates) GFR은 C-G, MDRD 공식에 비해 사구체여과율을 과대평가하였다. 신기능의 정도에 따라 사구체여 과율을 평가하는데 있어 어떠한 측정방법이 더 우월한지는 분명하지 않다.