• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.452-459
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 MDA-MB-231 세포에서 resveratrol의 apoptosis 유발 효과에 대해 알아보기 위해 연구되었다. Cell viability 결과 농도 유의적으로 감소하였으며, DAPI stain에서는 농도 의존적으로 chromatin condensation이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. Resveratrol은 p53, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9의 발현을 증가시켰지만, PI3K/Akt의 발현은 시간 의존적으로 감소시켰다. In vivo 실험에서는 resveratrol의 종양 억제 효과를 확인하였다. 50 mg/kg 투여한 군에서 종양의 크기가 대조군에 비해 감소하였으며, TUNEL assay를 통해 apoptosis cell을 관찰한 결과 50 mg/kg 투여한 군에서 많이 관찰되었다. 면역조직화학 염색을 통해 50 mg/kg 투여한 군에서 p53, cytochrome-C, cleaved-caspase-3의 발현이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하여 봤을 때 resveratrol이 MDA-MB-231 세포에 apoptosis를 유발하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제90권4호
• /
• pp.524-534
• /
• 2001

자작나무, 박달나무, 느티나무, 산벚나무, 고로쇠나무 1년생 유묘에 5수준의 인공피음처리를 실시하면서 이들의 수분특성에 미치는 피음의 영향을 조사하기 위하여 P-V curve에 의한 분석을 실시하였다. 최대 팽압 하에서의 osmotic potential(${\phi}_{{\pi}o}$)은 전광처리구에서 6월, 7월, 9월에 각각 -1.04~-1.27MPa, -1.03~-1.48MPa, -0.94~-1.44MPa(1차 연도), -0.90~-1.37MPa, -1.05~-1.79MPa, -0.99~-1.30 MPa(2차 연도)의 범위에서 수종이나 계절에 따라 변화를 보였다. 최대 팽압 하에서의 osmotic potential(${\phi}_{{\pi}o}$)은 전기간을 통해 조사된 모든 수종에서 전광 처리구(A)는 -0.90~-1.79MPa, 강피음구(E)는 -0.58~1.23MPa의 범위 내에서 피음수준이 높아지면서 증가하는 모습을 보였다. 초기위조점에서 측정된 수분 potential(${\phi}_{{\pi}p}$)은 전광 처리구(A)에서 6월, 7월, 9월에 각각 -1.64~-2.11MPa, -1.67~-2.15MPa, 1.47~-2.11MPa(1차 연도)과 -1.45~-2.04MPa, -1.30~-2.00MPa, -1.28~-2.33MPa(2차 연도)의 범위 내에서 변화를 보였다. ${\phi}_{{\pi}p}$ 측정치 대부분은 ${\phi}_{{\pi}o}$ 측정치에 비해서 약 0.5MPa 정도의 낮은 값을 보였다. ${\phi}_{{\pi}p}$ 측정치 또한 피음처리를 강하게 할수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 피음처리에 따른 ${\phi}_{{\pi}p}$ 측정치의 차이는 수종이나 생육시기에 따라 일부 예외는 있지만 일반적으로 ${\phi}_{{\pi}o}$ 측정치에서의 차이보다는 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 최대팽압에서와 마찬가지로 초기위조점에서의 osmotic potential 측정치 대부분은 6월이나 9월에 비해 7월에 측정된 값이 다소 낮은 값을 보였다. 초기위조점에서의 상대수분함량(RWCp)은 전광조건에서 1차 연도 6월, 7월, 9월에 각각 81~88%, 71~86%, 75~84%, 2차연도에는 82~87%, 72~84%, 76~86%로 연도별 차이가 별로 크지 않은 비슷한 범위 내에 있었다. 고로쇠나무, 산벚나무에서의 상대수분함량은 자작나무 박달나무, 느티나무에 비해 다소 높은 값을 보였다. RWCp 또한 전광조건(A)에서는 71~88%, 강피음구(E)에서는 48~77%까지로 대부분 피음처리 수준이 강할수록 감소하는 변화를 나타냈다. 비록 수종이나 계절에 따라 일부 예외는 있지만 몇 가지 P-V 모수들의 변화에 미치는 피음효과는 본 연구에서 분명하게 확인할 수 있었다. 피음처리에 따른 P-V 모수들의 변화는 전해질의 축적, 세포막의 탄성, 세포액 등에서의 변화 등과 관련지어 추론될 수 있다. 그러나 P-V 모수들의 변화에 미치는 피음효과에 대한 생리적인 기작에 대하여 상세한 정보를 얻기 위해서는 반드시 더 많은 실험이 계속되어야만 할 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.328-333
• /
• 1995

$\^$31/ P-NMR experiment was performed to detect phophonates (Pn) utilization and degradation in the several different C-P lyase mutants of E. coli and in E. aerogenes and the recombinants. The relative peak intensity (RPI) for the standard samples of 0.5 mM methylphosphonate (MPn) and 1.0 mM aminoethylphosphonate in glucose-MOPS medium showed 0.5 : 1.0 ratio. In the case of BW14329 (.DELTA.phnC-P, .delta.phoA), RPI did not change significantly after 24 hrs culturing, which means it nearly could not utilize Pn. In vivo $\^$31/ P-NMR spectrum of E. aerogens (BWKL 16627) during 3 hrs starvation showed two intense peaks at 0-2 ppm and at near-10 ppm which indicate intracellular orthophosphate (Pi) and pyrophosphate (PPi), respectively. Both of them might be released by degradation of inorganic polyphosphate pool. When MPn is supplied to the medium as an unique P source, Pi content in the cell has the constant, but PPi seems to be slightly decreased. Recombinants (BWKL 16954) grew slower than E. aerogenes in the glucose-MOPS media with various P sources. In vivo $\^$31/ P-NMR spectrum of recombinant did not show any intense signal in the cell. Surprisingly, under the cultivation adding with MPn, a few intense peaks in the region of Pi AND phospate monoester were detected.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.167-169
• /
• 1984

Analyses of $_1$H-NMR, infrared and electronic spectral data for $[Ir(CH_2 = CHCN)(CO)(P(C_6H_5)_3)_2]ClO_4 (1)$prepared by the reaction of $Ir(OClO_3)(CO)(P(C_6H_5)_3)_2$ with $CH_2 = CHCN$, agree with the suggestion that 1 is a mixture of the nitrogen-bonded acrylonitrile complex, $[(CO)(P(C_6H_5)_3)_2Ir-NCCH = CH_2]ClO_4$ and other compound which may be the C = C ${\Pi}$ -system-bonded acrylonitrile complex, "[(CO)(P(C6H5)3)2Ir-CHCN = CH2]ClO4.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2013

Three serotypes (O+A+Asia1 type) of the foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine were injected into cloven-hoofed animals in Korea after the nationwide spread of FMD at the end of 2010. This study was conducted to investigate FMD antibody development after FMD vaccination, and to determine whether there was a significant correlation between the antibody titer of the sow and the antibody titer of the growing pigs. The antibody titer (percentage inhibition [PI] titer) of the sow (gilt) after FMD vaccination was maintained at a level higher than 50 (P<0.05) for 5 months. A higher PI titer for the 1-month-old growing pigs corresponded with greater inhibition of the PI titer of the vaccinated growing pigs (P<0.05). A negative correlation (P<0.05) between the PI titer of the 1-month-old growing pigs and the PI titer of 3-month-old growing pigs, 4-month-old growing pigs after FMD vaccination at 2 months, 3months was identified, with a coefficient of determination ($R^2$) of 0.274. Thus the PI titer of the growing pigs was inhibited to a greater degree when vaccination was performed at 2 months of age than at 3 months. However, many other factors likely influence growing pigs' PI titer in addition to the PI titer of the sow and age at vaccination, given that the coefficient of determination was somewhat lower.

• 충청수학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.349-363
• /
• 2019

Let ${\mathbb{H}}^5$ be the 5-dimensional Heisenberg group equipped with a left-invariant metric. In this paper we calculate the volumes of geodesic balls in ${\mathbb{H}}^5$. Let $B_e(R)$ be the geodesic ball with center e (the identity of ${\mathbb{H}}^5$) and radius R in ${\mathbb{H}}^5$. Then, the volume of $B_e(R)$ is given by $${\hfill{12}}Vol(B_e(R))\\{={\frac{4{\pi}^2}{6!}}{\left(p_1(R)+p_4(R){\sin}\;R+p_5(R){\cos}\;R+p_6(R){\displaystyle\smashmargin{2}{\int\nolimits_0}^R}{\frac{{\sin}\;t}{t}}dt\right.}\\{\left.{\hfill{65}}{+q_4(R){\sin}(2R)+q_5(R){\cos}(2R)+q_6(R){\displaystyle\smashmargin{2}{\int\nolimits_0}^{2R}}{\frac{{\sin}\;t}{t}}dt}\right)}$$ where $p_n$ and $q_n$ are polynomials with degree n.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.109-113
• /
• 2001

The Serratia marcescens metalloprotease inhibitor (SmaPI) is a proteinase inhibitor toward Serratia marcescens metalloprotease (SMP). The three-dimensional structure of SmaPI was calculated by computer modeling using the structure complex between SMP and the Erwinia chrysanthemi inhibitor as a template. Based on this model structure, the substitution of the amino acid residues, Ala4, Leu-5, Pro-6, and Thr-7, were located at the hinge region of the N-terminal segment by site-directed mutagenesis. Although the A4R and T7A mutant SmaPIs showed a nearly full inhibitory activity, the inhibitory activity of SmaPI decreased significantly when the Leu-5 was converted to Ala, Gly, Ile, or Val. Surprisingly, the L5I and L5V mutant SmaPIs showed less inhibitory activities than the L5A mutant. From these results, we suggested that the orientations and positions of respective aliphatic groups in the side-chain of position 5 mainly affected the inhibitory activity of SmaPI. The overall side-chain hydrophobicity was only slightly affected. The side-chain of the Leu-5 residue contributed approximately 0.79 kcal/mol out of 8.44 kcal/mol to the binding of SmaPI with SMP The inhibitory activities of P6A and F6G were also severely decreased. The Pro-6 may have a critical role in maintaining the strict conformation of the N-terminal portion that may be important in the inhibitory activity of SmaPI. In conclusion, Leu-5 and Pro-6 have crucial roles in the inhibitory function of SmaPI toward SMP.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 1995

To elucidate pathogenesis of bovine leukemia virus(BLV) in Korean native goats, the goats experimentally infected with BLV were studied especially for the aspects of infectivity and hematological changes. The experimental goats were examined for 27 months by agar-gel immunodiffusion(AGID) test and syncytium formation assay. During this period, changes of total leucocyte, absolute Iymphocyte and atypical Iymphocyte were examined, and the distribution of surface immunoglobulin ( sIg ) -bearing cells and rosette forming cell (RFC) in the peripheral Iymphocyte were also investigated. By indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and complement dependent antibody cytotoxicity (CDAC) assay using monoclonal antibody(Mab) against bovine leukosis tumor-associated anti-gen(BL-TAA), changes of BL-TAA positive Iymphocyte in peripheral blood were measured. The results obtained through the experiment were summarized as follows. 1. Antibody titers were measured by AGID using gP51 and P24 antigens. The animals were serologically converted at 2 months post-inoculation(pi) in gP51 antigen, whereas sero-converted at 4 months pi in P24 antigen. In comparison with antibody titers for gP51, P24 antigen showed lower titers throughout the trial period. 2. The peripheral lymphocytes from all of the infected goats, as co-cultivated with F8l cells manifested syncytial formation at 4 months pi. 3. On counting total leucocyte, Iymphocyte and atypical Iymphocyte, two out of four infected goats showed normal distribution, while No 2 of the remaining two revealed temporal and No 3, Persistant increasing number of the cells. 4. The optimal condition of rosette formation of the peripheral Iymphocyte of normal Korean native goats was shown in the sheep erythrocyte treated with 0.1M AET for 30 nun at $37^{\circ}C$. When the Iymphocytes were treated in nylon wool column, the number of sIg-bear-ing cell were increased in the nylon wool adherent cells, but RFC was increased in the non-adherent cells. Of the infected goats, No 2 and No 3 showed significantly increasing number of sIg-bearing cells at 18 months pi. 5. The Iymphocytes of No 2 and No 3 goats reacted positively in IFA using Mab against BL-TAA at 12 months pi and 18 months pi, respectively. In CDAC test, all of four infected goats revealed positive reaction at 24 months pi. The higher positive rates were observed in No 2 and No 3 as compared with the remainders.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2011

Photoelectrochemical performances of ZnO electrodes are enhanced by coupling with cobalt-based catalyst (CoPi) in phosphate electrolyte (pH 7). For this study, hexagonal pillar-shaped ZnO nanorods are grown on ZnO electrodes through a chemical bath deposition, onto which CoPi is deposited with different photodeposition times (10-30 min). A scanning electron microscopic study indicates that CoPi deposition does not induce any change of ZnO morphology and an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis shows that inorganic phosphate ions (Pi) exist on ZnO surface. Bare ZnO electrodes generate the current of ca. $0.36mA/cm^2$ at a bias potential of 0.5 V vs. SCE, whereas ZnO/CoPi (deposited for 10 min) has ca. 50%-enhanced current ($0.54mW/cm^2$) under irradiation of AM 1.5G-light ($400mW/cm^2$). The excess loading of CoPi on ZnO results in decrease of photocurrents as compared to bare ZnO likely due to limited electrolyte access to ZnO and/or CoPi-mediated recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. The primary role of CoPi is speculated to trap the photogenerated holes and thereby oxidize water into molecular oxygen via an intervalency cycle among Co(II), Co(III), and Co(IV).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.1021-1025
• /
• 2009

A novel supramolecular network containing binuclear copper unit $[Cu(phen)_{2}({\mu}-ID\;A)Cu(phen){\cdot}(NO_{3})](NO_{3}){\cdot}4(H_{2}O)$ (1) was synthesized through the self-assembly of iminodiacetic acid ($H_2IDA$) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in the condition of pH = 6. It has been characterized by the infrared (IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 1 shows a 2-D supramolecular structure assembled through strong and unique $\pi-\pi$ packing interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that theoretical optimized structures can well reproduce the experimental structure. The TGA and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) curves indicate that the complex 1 can maintain the structural integrity even at the loss of free water molecules. The magnetic property is also reported in this paper.