• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.478-487
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• 2000

This study was carried out to find new anti-tumor agent producing microbe and to characterize the anti-tumor agent produced from the microbe. Purified compound that has a high cytotoxicity against tumor cell-lines could be obtained from the broth culture filtrates of Streptomyces sp.409 strain isolated from soil in Korea. The in vitro cytotoxicity the in vivo evaluation of acute toxicity the safety assessment of the anti-tumor compounds and the taxonomic characteristics of the anti-tumor agent were measured. The antitumor compound 1 and 2 were obtained from the broth culture filtrates of Streptomyces sp.409 strain. The cytotoxicity of the compound 1 against tumor cell-line P388D$_1$ showed almost 4.5 times higher than that of adriamycin. However in the cytotoxicity against normal cell line Vero E6, adriamycin showed adversely 4 times higher than the compound 1 ($IC_{50}$/ value: 228.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$). In comparison study with compound 1 and compound 2 in the in vitro cytotoxin productivity against tumor cell lines, $IC_{50}$/ value of the compound 1 was 0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in tumor cell line P388D$_1$and 0.53 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in tumor cell-line L1210, and that of the compound 2 was 7.18 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 35.71 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, respectively; LD$_{50}$ value of the compound 1 in the in vivo acute toxicity in mice was 22.62 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg body weight. These results suggest that compound 1 purified from Streptomyces sp. 409 has anti-tumor activity and will be developed as an anti-tumor drug.g.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.154-158
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• 1995

We isolated Streptomyces spry. from Korean soil, which showed high cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines, L1210 and P388Dl. Among 30 strains, three strains (DKM 104, DKM 128, DKM 409) were appeared to possess plasmid. Strain DKM 104 and DKM 128 had two CCC(Covalently Closed Circular) form plasmid, about 20 Kb in size and about 1 Kb compared with λ Hind III DNA size marker. And strain DKM 409 had three plasmids, among which two plasmic were CCC form about 20 Kb and about 20 Kb compared with same size marker. To find out whether plasmid involved in production of antitumor agent or not, we performed to curing experiment. Comparing cytotoxicity between culture filtrate of plasmid-containing strains and cured strains, we knew that only the cytotoxic activity of the strain DKM 128 was involved in plasmid.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.388-388
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• 2021

하천에서 호안이나 교량의 교각 등은 홍수 시 주변 하상의 세굴에 의한 피해가 많이 발생한다. 하상보호를 위해서 하천 수공구조물 주변 하상에 자갈, 호박돌, 전석 등을 깔기도 한다. 이 재료들은 다공성 집단을 이루며 유수에 의한 소류력과 항력이 작용한다. 다공성 집단체 공극의 흐름에 의한 항력은 외부 흐름이 가하는 소류력에 비해 작으나 집단의 안정성에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 집단체에 작용하는 항력은 공극 내의 흐름의 유속과 항력계수를 이용하여 구할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 다공성 매질 내 흐름에 대한 항력계수를 조사하기 위하여 수리실험을 이용하여 자갈 매질의 공극을 흐르는 물이 일으킨 항력과 동수경사를 측정하였다. 수리실험을 위한 대공극 매질은 상업용 연마 자갈을 사용하여 크기에 따라 작은 자갈(5~10mm), 중간자갈(15~25mm), 큰 자갈(25~50mm)로 구분하였다. 대표입경 D₅₀은 작은 자갈 8.0 mm, 중간 자갈 17.6 mm, 큰 자갈 32.2 mm이고, 형상계수는 각각 0.28~0.74, 0.29~0.58, 0.38~0.68의 범위였다. 자갈 매질의 공극율은 각각 0.405~0.422이었다. 매질 내의 흐름 길이는 24.2cm로 하였다. 실험결과 자갈 매질 내 흐름의 입자 레이놀즈수 Re_p에 따른 내부항력 F_D와 항력계수 C_D는 Fig. 1 및 Fig. 2와 같다. 실험에서 Re_p는 31.5~3,175.4였다. 자갈 매질의 내부항력은 Re_p가 증가하면 비선형적으로 증가하였으며 입자가 클수록 작았다. 항력계수는 작은 자갈과 중간 자갈 매질에 차이가 거의 없었으나 큰 자갈의 경우 작은 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of protein-bound polysaccharide (PBP) on proliferation of Th1 cells and cytotoxicity of cancer cell. Mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum, Agaricus blazei, Lentinus edodes, Coriolus versicolor and Phellinus linteus) were fractionated by 100$^{\circ}C$ hot water for 3hr. PBP was stimulated and proliferated Th1 cells most at 10 mg/$m\ell$ concentration and the percentage of cell proliferation was 40%. It was estimated cytotoxicity of PBP against 7 kinds of cancer cell lines. Antitumor activities of Agaricus blazei against P388D1 and L1210 (tumor cell lines) were 2.4% and 39.7% survival rate, and Lentinus edodes was 48.4% and 52.5% survival rate, respectively. PBP mixtures of Agaricus and Lentinus edodes prolonged (27∼40%) significantly the survival rate of mice intraperitoneally implanted with sarcoma 180.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.154-164
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• 1991

These experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract(GR) on histamine synthesis, lymphocyte blastogenesis in C57BL/6J mice splenocytes, IL-1 production, $Ca^{2+}$ uptake by macrophage-like P388D$_{1}$ cells and plaque forming cell assay against SRBC. Histamine contents, lymphocyte blastogenesis, IL-1 activity, $Ca^{2+}$ uptake and plaque forming cell were determined by enzyme isotope method, [$^{3}$H]-thymidine incorporation, C3H/HeJ mouse thymocytes proliferation, the addition of 5 $\mu$Ci/ml $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ to P388D$_{1}$ cell suspension and assay to sheep red blood cell, respectively. Cytotoxicity, which was expressed as 50% mortality, was occurred by the addition of GR(10$^{-3}$g/ml). Histamine production in mouse spleen cell culture was significantly increased by 48 hour incubation added 0.25$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of Con A. Con A-dependent T-lymphocyte proliferation was also enhanced by the addition of 0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of Con A. GR depressed histamine contents at 10$^{-9}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml. and Con A (0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) dependent T-lymphocyte proliferation at 10$^{-5}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml. IL-1 activity was significantly decreased by 10$^{-8}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml of GR. $Ca^{2+}$ uptake was not changed by GR, but antibody production markedly increased at 10.0~50.0 mg/kg of GR. From the above results, it is suggested that GR have immuno-regulatory action; GR decreased cell-mediated immune response and increased antibody production by B lymphocyte at high doses.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.508-510
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• 2005

The crude extract of Quintinia acutifolia Kirk inhibited the growth of the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659, (3 mm inhibition zone at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$) and the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (3 mm inhibition zone at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$), and cytotoxic to P388 murine leukaemia cells ATCC CCL 46 P388D1, ($IC_{50}$ $50,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$). However, Candida albicans (ATCC 14053) did not observed the antimicrobial activity and the cytotoxic activity to BSC monkey kidney cells ($({\alpha})$ 5 mg/mL, $150\;{\mu}g/disc$).

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.384-388
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• 1999

We have used high pH anion-exchange chromatography to analyze low level (below $20{\mu}M$) $\alpha$-D-glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) that can be used as a cytostatic compound, an antibiotic, and immunosuppressive drug. Our chromatographic method afforded excellent peak resolution and seletivity for glucose-6-phosphate and various maltooligosaccharides as well as G-1-P. The pulsed amperometric detector yielded linear response on G-1-P ranging from 2 - $20{\mu}M$, giving slope of $4.8{\times}10^4$(peak area/${\mu}M$). The detection limit was $2{\mu}M$. This method was applied to the purification of thermophilic $\alpha$-glucan phosphorylase from Thermus caldophilus. The technique will be extremely useful in future studies concerning carbohydrate metabolism in living organisms.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.72-76
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Ajuga multiflora Bunge extracts on murine leukemia tumor $(P388D_1)$ cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ values of Ajuga multiflora Bunge extracts in L1210 and $P388D_1$ cell lines showed that their susceptibility to these extracts decreased in the following order: Adriamycin>methanol extract>chloroform extract>ethyl acetate extract>hexane extract>water extract by the MTT assay. In order to develop an antimicrobial agent, dried Ajuga multiflora Bunge was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activities of amocla and ketoconazole as references were compared to those of extracts of $H_2O$, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of all extracts from the sample had growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi $(MIC>200\;{\mu}g/ml)$. These results suggest that the methanol soluble extract of Ajuga multiflora Bunge may be a valuable choice for the studies on the treatment of murine leukemia tumor cell lines.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1994

Antitumor antibiotic HS-1 was purified from the culture broth of a streptomyces floridae SHS-1372 which had been isolated from soil, by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and gel filtration. It was confirmed that HS-1 was active against gram positive bacteria and cancer cells(K562, P388, MCF-7, HT-29). Through the analysis of UV spectrum, melting point, IR spectrum, FAB-MS, $_{1}$H-NMR, $_{13}$C-NMR, 2D-NMR spectra, HS-1 could be identified sa the actinomycin X$_{2}$ antibiotics containing actinocine chromophore and peptides consisted of threonine, proline, methylvaline, sarcosine, D-valine and 4-ketoproline.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.357-361
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• 1997

8-Azaxanthine (1), 3-${\beta}$-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine (2), 3-${\beta}$-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-monophosphate (3), and 3-${\beta}$-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)monophosphate (4) were synthesized. The in vitro antitumor activities of the synthesized compounds against P388 mouse leukemia, FM3A mammary carcinoma, and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were determined by MTT assay. 2 with unnatural N-3 and C-1' glycoside bond had activity against three tumor cell lines and $IC_{50}$s of these compounds were 0.05, 0.06, and 0.06 ${\mu}mol/mL$ against three tumor cell lines, respectively. But these compounds had no antibacterial activity. $IC_{50}$s against U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were verified with the structural modification: $IC_{50}$s of 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 0.33, 0.06, 0.25, and 0.33 ${\mu}mol/mL$, respectively.