• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.979-985
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 Sprague Dawley 종 수컷 흰쥐에게 콜레스테롤이 1% 함유된 사료를 급여하여 고지혈증을 유발시키면서 녹차추출물, 메밀추출물, 포도잎추출물 추출물을 500 mg/kg B.W.의 농도로 4주간 매일 같은 시각에 경구투여하여 흰쥐의 혈액과 간장 내의 지질조성과 혈액응고기전 및 체내 지질과산화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전군에서 식이섭취량과 체중증가량 및 식이효율은 유의한 차이가 없어서 실험식이가 정상적인 성장에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 녹차추출물투여군은 고콜레스테롤 급여 대조군에 비해서 흰쥐의 꼬리에서의 출혈시간을 증가시켜서 항혈전효과가 있었다. 고콜레스테롤 급여로 인해 흰쥐에게 고지혈증이 유발되었으며 실험 시료를 경구투여하는데 따른 혈액중의 지질대사 개선효과는 없었다. 고콜레스테롤 급여로 흰쥐의 간장은 비대해지고 간장내 중성지방과 총콜레스테롤 함량도 현저히 증가하였으며 녹차추출물, 메밀추출물, 포도잎추출물은 간장 내 총콜레스테롤 함량을 감소시켜 간장 내 지질대사의 개선효과가 있었다. 고콜레스테롤의 급여는 혈장 내의 지질과산화물의 함량을 증가시키며 포도잎추출물은 체내 지질과산화를 억제시키는 효과가 있었으며 간에서는 메밀과 포도잎추출물이 지질과산화를 억제하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.279-289
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• 1997

Dark to pale green-colored, Cr-bearing sericites from hydrothermal alteration zone of the Narim gold deposit were investigated mineralogically and geochemically. The alteration zone is composed mineralogically of quartz, carbonate minerals and green sericite with minor amounts of chlorite, barite and sulfide minerals (pyrite, sphalerite, galena). The zone is enriched in As (967 to 1520 ppm), Cu (31 to 289 ppm), Ni (1027 to 1205 ppm), Pb (0.20 to 1.24 wt.%) and Zn (1.03 to 1.07 wt. %) compared with fresh rocks such as granitic gneiss, porphyritic biotite granite and basic dyke. The Cr, probably the chromophore element, is highly enriched in the alteration zone (1140 to 1500 ppm), host granitic gneiss (1200 ppm) and porphyritic biotite granite (1200 ppm). Occurrence and grain size of sericite are diverse, but most of the Cr-bearing sericites (150 to $200{\mu}m$ long and 20 to $30{\mu}m$ wide) occur along the boundaries between ore veins and host rocks (especially basic dyke and granitic gneiss). X-ray diffraction data of the sericite show its monoclinic form with unit-cell parameters of $a=5.202{\AA}$, $b=8.994{\AA}$, $c=20.103{\AA}$, ${\beta}=95.746^{\circ}$ and $V=935.83{\AA}^3$, which are similar with the normal 2M1-type muscovite. Representative chemical formula of the sericite is ($K_{1.54}Ca_{0.03}Na_{0.01}$)($Al_{3.42}Mg_{0.38}Cr_{0.14}Fe_{0.06}V_{0.02}$)($Si_{6.69}Al_{1.31}$)$O_{20}(OH)_4$. The Cr content increases with decrease of the octahedral Al content, and ranges from 0.36 to 2.58 wt.%. DTA and TG curves of the sericite show endothermic peaks at $342^{\circ}$ to $510^{\circ}$, $716^{\circ}$ to $853^{\circ}$ and $1021^{\circ}C$, which are due to the expulsion of hydroxyl group. The total weight loss by heating is measured to be about 8.8 wt. %, especially at $730^{\circ}C$. Infrared absorption experiments of the sericite show broad absorption band due to the O-H bond stretching vibration near the $3625cm^{-1}$, coupled with the 825 and $750cm^{-1}$ doublet. The vibration bands related with the H-O-Al and Si-O-Al bonds occur at $1030cm^{-1}$ and 500 to $700cm^{-1}$, respectively. Based on paragonite content of the sericite, the formation temperature of the Narim gold deposit is calculated to be $220{\pm}10^{\circ}C$.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2002년도 창립 10주년 기념 국제학술심포지움
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• pp.54-63
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• 2002

Post-harvest technology for rice was focused on in-bin drying system, which consists of about 100, 000 facilities in 1980s. The modernized Rice Processing Complex (RPC) and Drying Storage Center (DSC) became popular for rice dry, storage, process and distribution from 1990s. However, the percentage of artificial drying for rice is 48% (2001) and the ability of bulk storage is about 15%. Therefore it is necessary to build enough drying and bulk storage facilities. The definition of high quality rice is to satisfy both good appearance and good taste. The index for good taste in rice is a below 7% of protein, 17-20% of amylose, 15.5-16.5% of moisture contents and high concentration of Mg and K. To obtain a high quality rice, it is absolutely needed to integrate high technologies including breeding program, cropping methods, harvesting time, drying, storing and processing methodologies. Generally, consumers prefer to rice retaining below b value of 5 in colorimetry, and the whiteness, the hardness and the moisture contents of rice are in order of consumer preference in rice quality. By selection of rice cultivars according to acceptable quality, the periods between harvesting time and drying reduced up to about 20 days. Therefore it is necessary to develop a low temperature grain drying system in order to (1) increase the rate of artificial rice drying up to 85%, (2) keep the drying temperature of below 45C, (3) maintain high quality in rice and (4) save energy consumption. Bulk storage facilities with low temperature storage system (7-15C) for rice using grain cooler should be built to reduce labor for handling and transportation and to keep a quality of rice. In the cooled rice, there is no loss of grain quality due to respiration, insect and microorganism, which results in high quality rice containing 16% of moisture contents all year round. In addition, introducing a low temperature milling system reduced the percentage of broken rice to 2% and increased the percentage of head rice to 3% because of proper hardness of grain. It has been noted that the broken rice and cracking reduced significantly by using low pressure milling and wet milling. Our mission for improving rice market competitiveness goes to (1) produce environment friendly, functional rice cultivars, (2) establish a grade standard of rice quality, (3) breed a new cultivar for consumer oriented and (4) extend the period of storage and shelf life of rice during postharvest.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.547-556
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• 1994

In order to identify the necessary information of biochemical Indices for renal effect of lead for the early detection in medical surveillance of lead worker, the reference values of urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were studied with 205 office workers in one industrial complex area who were not exposed to lead occupationally. While study variables selected for lead exposure were blood lead (PbB), blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) and $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid (DALA) in urine, those for renal effect were urinary N-acetyl-$\beta$-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine(Cr), serum uric acid (Ua), and urinary total protein(U-TP). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean values of blood lead, ZPP and DALA in all subjects were $14.39{\pm}4.02{\mu}g/dl,\;21.61{\pm}8.00{\mu}g/dl,\;and\;2.73{\pm}0.90mg/l$ respectively. 2. The mean value of urinary NAG activities in all subjects was $3.51{\pm}2.01U/l$. The mean value of urinary NAG activities, which calculated from NAG activities divided by urinary creatinine concentration (CNAG), was $5.42{\pm}5.53U/g$ creatinine and log-arithmic normal distributed. 3. The reference value of urinary NAG activity was 12.06 U/g creatinine(95% CU=10.57-14.76 U/g creatinine). 4. Logarithmic CNAG(r=0.781 p<0.0l), U-TP(r=0.670 p<0.01) and ZPP(r=0.172 p<0.05) showed statistically significant correlation with CNAG.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.1604-1609
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• 2016

본 연구는 HPLC를 이용하여 닥나무 추출물을 건강기능식품 원료로 개발하기 위하여 지표성분인 marmesin의 분석법 설정과 분석법에 대한 검증을 하고자 하였다. 표준액과 닥나무 추출물은 다른 물질의 간섭 없이 분리되었으며, 표준액과 추출물의 피크 유지시간이 일치한 spectrum을 나타내었다. 또한, blank에서 표준액과 겹치는 피크가 없는 것으로 특이성을 확인하였다. 검량선의 상관계수($R^2$)는 0.9999로 모두 양호한 직선성을 보였으며, 직선상의 검출한계는 $2.8{\sim}6.2{\mu}g/mL$였고 정량한계는 $8.4{\sim}18.6{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 닥나무 추출물 1.3, 2.6, 3.9 mg/mL의 세 농도의 회수율은 100.35~101.18%였으며 정밀도는 0.27~0.30%로 나타나 정밀도 2.0% 이하로서 정확성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 정밀성은 0.04~0.30%의 정밀도를, 실험실 내 정밀성에서는 0.03~0.30%의 정밀도를 나타내었고 intra-day에서의 정밀도는 0.25~0.42%, inter-day에서는 0.32~0.70%의 정밀도를 나타내어 닥나무 추출물의 지표성분 marmesin의 분석법은 적합한 시험법임이 검증되었다. 본 분석법은 닥나무 추출물의 건강기능식품 원료 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.999-1005
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 청양고추즙을 두유량의 5%, 10%, 15%(v/v)가 되도록 첨가하여 제조한 두부의 품질 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 제조된 두부의 수분 함량은 청양고추즙 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 무첨가 두부에 비해 높았으며, 조단백, 조지방 및 조회분 함량은 청양고추즙 첨가량에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 두부의 수율은 5% 청양고추즙 첨가 두부에서 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 청양고추즙 첨가량이 증가할수록 탁도 및 총산도는 증가하였으며, pH는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 두부의 색도는 청양고추즙을 첨가하였을 때 L값과 a값은 감소하고 b값은 증가하였다. 청양고추즙 첨가 두부의 견고성, 부착성, 탄력성, 검성, 씹힘성은 첨가량에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 대조구에 비해 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 청양고추즙 첨가 두부의 capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, 총 폴리페놀 함량과 DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거활성은 첨가량에 비례하여 각각 1.62~5.21, 0.35~1.33, 31.08~42.94 mg/100 g 및 4.14~6.26, 10.50~14.91 AEAC로 증가하였다. 두부의 관능검사 결과 점수는 청양고추즙 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 5% 첨가 두부가 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 다소 높은 점수를 받았다. 이상의 결과로부터 두부 제조 시 청양고추즙의 첨가는 두부의 품질 특성은 유지하면서 관능적 특성 및 기능성의 향상을 기대할 수 있으며, 적정 첨가량은 5% 이내가 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.62-62
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of activation agents on parthenogenetic activation of pig oocytes matured in vitro. The medium used for oocyte maturation was tissue culture medium (TCM) 199 supplemented with 26.19 mM sodium bicarbonate, 0.9 mM sodium pyruvate, 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml insulin, 2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml vitamin $B_{l2}$, 25 mM Hepes, 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml bovine apotransferrin, 150 $\mu$M cysteamine, 10 IU/ml PMSG, 10 IU/ml hCG, 10 ng/ml EGF, 0.4% BSA, 75 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml sodium penicillin G, 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml streptomycin sulfate and 10% pFF. After about 22 h of culture, oocytes were cultured without cysteamine and hormones for 22 h at 38.5$^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ in air. Cumulus-free oocytes involving first polar body were activated by exposure to various concentrations of ethanol and exposure time of ethanol in Hepes-buffered NCSU23 medium. Also, oocytes were activated by electric pulse alone or combination with ethanol. For electrical activation, oocytes were rinsed twice in 0.3 M mannitol solution supplemented with 0.1 mM CaC1$_2$, 0.2 mM MgC1$_2$, 0.5 mM Hopes and 0.01% BSA, and transferred to a chamber consisting of two electrodes 1 mm apart which was overlaid with the same activation solution. Oocytes were activated with a single DC pulse of 1.3 ㎸/cm for 30 $\mu$sec. After activation treatments, oocytes were washed three times with Hepes-buffered NCSU23 medium and were washed twice with NCSU23 culture medium containing 0.4% BSA, and then cultured in 500 ${mu}ell$ of the same medium for 20 h at 38.5$^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ in air. The activation rates of oocytes were higher in 6, 7 and 8% ethanol concentrations compared with 0, 5, 9 and 10% ethanol concentrations. Significantly more oocytes (29.3~33.7%) were activated in the exposure for 8, 10, 12 and 15 min than those in the exposure for 0 and 5 min, but there was no difference due to exposure to 8% ethanol for 8 to 15 min. Electric pulse treatment followed by exposure to ethanol significantly improved the rate of oocyte activation (61.9%) compared with that of other 3 treatments. In conclusion, the optimal activation treatment of ethanol exposure alone for the in-vitro matured pig oocytes was 8% ethanol for 8 to 15 min. Electric pulse treatment followed by ethanol exposure significantly improved the rate of activation.n.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2009

Objectives : Gagam-Gongjin-dan (GGD) composited with Cervi parvum Cornu, Corni Fructus, Angelica gigantis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Citri Pericarpium, Gastrodiae Rihzoma, Agastachis Herba, Cassiae cortkex, Scutellariae Radix, Schisandrae Fructus has been traditionally used for chronic diseases or weakness after illness in oriental countries. However, little is known about the effects of methanol extract of GGD on immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) plus alum. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GGD on immune responses to ovalbumin plus alum in Balb/c mice. Methods : In this study, the extract of GGD was prepared by extracting with methanol for 7 days. The extract was freeze-dried following filtration through vacuum distillation system. Mice were orally administrated with or without GGD extract of different doses (50-200 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. We examined the effects of GGD extract on the serum levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, and CTACK/CCL27 production and CCR10 expression in lymph node cells and body weight change and foot pad swelling responses in ovalbumin treated Balb/c. Results : The oral administration of GGD dose-dependently reduced the serum levels of total IgE, OVA-specific immunoglobulin (IgE, IgG1 and IgG2b) and CTACK/CCL27 production in ovalbumin treated BALB/c mice. The levels of CCR10 expression from lymph node cells of OVA treated mice were markedly suppressed by treatment with GGD in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, foot pad swelling responses were also markedly suppressed by GGD. However, body weight were significantly increased dose dependently by GGD treatment. Conclusions : These results suggest that GGD treatment suppresses immune responses to ovalbumin, and these properties may contribute to allergic disease care.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.639-658
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• 2023

Although goat meat has several health benefits than other red meats but comsumers reluctant it due to its unpleasant flavor. This study aimed to investigate the odorant of goat meat as well as compare the quality traits of meat regarding sex status. The loin meats [non-castrated male (NCM), castrated male (CM), and female (FM)] were collected and stored at 4℃ in a laboratory refrigerator and analyzed on the 1^st, 5^th, and 8^th consecutive days. The moisture content was the lowest and the protein content was highest in FM (p<0.05). Fat and ash content in NCM and FM were similar while lowest in CM. The CIE L^* was significantly higher in NCM, but there were no significant differences of CIE a^* and CIE b^* within groups at initial day. The color intensity increased on the 5^th storage day and decreased again after the 8^th storage day, except in NCM. NCM displayed the highest thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value (p<0.05), whereas CM displayed a higher pH value than other groups throughout the storage period. Indole levels were the highest in NCM (0.031 mg/kg); however, skatole levels were not significant differences across all treatments (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed in the fatty acid composition between NCM and CM (p>0.05), whereas a significant difference was observed in FM (p<0.05). Most of the water-soluble metabolites showed significant differences between sexes. Overall, sex status effects on quality properties of meat and castration can improve the overall sensory acceptance by reducing goaty flavor of Korean native black goat meat.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2006

현재 침출용 티백은 그 편리성으로 인하여 전 세계적으로 녹차, 홍차, 커피 등에 다양하게 이용되고 있어 안전성 측면에서 침출용 티백에서 유래될 수 있는 가소제와 유해중금속의 잔류실태 및 식품으로의 이행정도를 조사하였다. 먼저 GC/FID를 이용하여 DEHA, DEHP등 총 16종의 가소제를 동시 분석할 수 있는 분석조건을 확립하였다. 이때 각 가소제 성분에 대한 회수율은 $82.7%\sim104.6%$ 범위였으며, RSD $0.6%\sim2.7%$, 상관계수 $0.9991\sim0.9999$로서 우수한 재현성 및 직선성을 나타내었다. 동 시험법을 적용하여 국내 유통 중인 침출용 티백 재질 143품목에 대하여 재질중에 함유된 가소제를 분석한 결과, 16종 모두 불검출이었고 침출용 티백 재질을 $95^{\circ}C$ 물에서 30분간 침출시켜 식품으로 이행되는 양을 분석한 결과에서도 16종의 가소제가 모두 불검출이었다. 또한, 티백 재질중 유해중금속인 납, 카드aba, 비소 및 알루미늄의 함유량을 ICP/AES를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 티백 재질당 납은 $trace\sim23{\mu}g$, 알루미늄은 $0.6\sim1718{\mu}g$으로 검출되었고, 카드뮴 및 비소는 모두 trace로 검출되었다. 티백 재질을 $95^{\circ}C$ 물에서 30분간 침출한 액에서는 티백당 납 및 알루미늄은 각각 $trace\sim11.5{\mu}g$ 및 $trace\sim20.8{\mu}g$으로 검출되었고, 카드뮴 및 비소는 모두 불검출이었다. 따라서 차를 음용하는 시간동안 침출용 티백으로부터 가소제 및 중금속의 이행에 따른 문제점은 없는 것으로 사료된다.X>$114.03{\pm}19.04mg%$, 된장이 $734.32{\pm}147.70mg%$, 청국장이 $600{\pm}150mg%$ 이었다. 색도를 측정한 결과 L(명도), a(적색도) 및 b(황색도)값의 평균치는 고추장은 각각 $14.49{\pm}1.44,\;15.45{\pm}1.77$및 $8.34{\pm}1.02$로 나타나 적색도에 있어서 다소 낮게 나타났고, 된장은 각각 $26.69{\pm}4.33,\;7.25{\pm}1.03$ 및 $12.02{\pm}1.82$로서 명도와 황색도가 다소 낮게 나타났다. 청국장은 각각 $35.62{\pm}2.05,\;6.31{\pm}0.37$ 및 $13.50{\pm}0.78$로 나타나 명도와 황색도에 있어서 다소 낮게 나타났다.m25$에 9.4%를 나타내었다. 신체발달점수에서 남대생은 68.3%가 $75\sim85$이었고, 86 이상이 25.3%로 나타난 반면, 여대생은 표준범위가 63.6%의 분포를 나타내었다. 여대생의 나트륨 섭취는 연령과 0.082의 유의성을 나타내었고, 남대생의 복부 지방률은 연령과 0.011의 유의적 차이를 나타내었으며, 여대생의 체단백질랑은 나트륨섭취와 -0.276의 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 조사에 의하면 탄수화물:단백질:지방 비율이 $46\sim54:16\sim17:30$ 이상의 수준이었고, 섬유소는 권장량의 20%, 칼슘은 권장량의 $77\sim83%$, 나트륨은 권장량의 $2\sim3$배를 섭취하였는데, 이러한 섭취경향은 체성분에서 특히 남대생 94%가 체단백질량이 표준이상인 반면 남대생