Browse > Article

The Monitoring on Plasticizers and Heavy Metals in Teabags  

Eom, Mi-Ok (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Kwak, In-Shin (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Kang, Kil-Jin (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Jeon, Dae-Hoon (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Kim, Hyung-Il (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Sung, Jun-Hyun (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Choi, Hee-Jung (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Lee, Young-Ja (Food Packaging Team, Center for Food Evaluation, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
Publication Information
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety / v.21, no.4, 2006 , pp. 231-237 More about this Journal
Abstract
Nowadays the teabag is worldwide used for various products including green tea, tea, coffee, etc. since it is convenient for use. In case of outer packaging printed, however, there is a possibility that the plasticizers which is used for improvement in adhesiveness of printing ink may shift to inner tea bag. In this study, in order to monitor residual levels of plasticizers in teabags, we have established the simultaneous analysis method of 9 phthalates and 7 adipates plasticizers using gas chromatography (GC). These compounds were also confirmed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MSD). The recoveries of plasticizers analyzed by GC ranged from 82.7% to 104.6% with coefficient of variation of $0.6\sim2.7%$ and the correlation coefficients of each plasticizer was $0.9991\sim0.9999$. Therefore this simultaneous analysis method was showed excellent reproducibility and linearity. And limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) on individual plasticizer were $0.1\sim3.5\;ppm\;and\;0.3\sim11.5\;ppm$ respectively. When 143 commercial products of teabag were monitored, no plasticizers analysed were detected in filter of teabag products. The migration into $95^{\circ}C$ water as food was also examined and the 16 plasticizers are not detected. In addition we carried out analysis of heavy metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and aluminum (Al) in teabag filters using ICP/AES. $Trace\sim23{\mu}g$ Pb per teabag and $0.6\sim1718{\mu}g$ Al per teabag were detected in materials of samples and Cd and As are detected less than LOQ (0.05 ppm). The migration levels of Pb and Al from teabag filter to $95^{\circ}C$ water were upto $11.5{\mu}g\;and\;20.8{\mu}g$ per teabag, respectively and Cd and As were not detected in exudate water of all samples. Collectively, these results suggest that there is no safety concern from using teabag filter.
Keywords
teabag filter; plasticizers; heavy metals; migration;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Jinok Choi, F. Jitsunari, F. Asakawa, Hyunjin Park and Dongsun Lee; Migration of surrogate contaminants in paper and paperboard into water through polyethylene coating layer. Food Additives and Contaminants 19(12), 1200-1206 (2002)   DOI
2 Yoon S. Song, Hong J. Park and Vanee Komolprasert; Analytical procedure for quantifying five compounds suspected as possible contaminants in recycled paper/ paperboard for food packaging. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 5856-5859 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Wendy summerfield and Ian Cooper; Investigation of migration from paper and board into food-development of methods for rapid testing. Food Additives and Contaminants 18(1), 77-88 (2001)   DOI
4 Ioannis Arvanitoyannis and Loulouda Bosnea; Migration of substances from food packaging materials to foods. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 44(2), 63-76 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Seungseok Yoo, Sunhee Lee, Dae Hoonjeon, Inshin Kack and Kwangho Lee; Analysis of metals from recycled papers and paper products for food packaging. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 10(2), 178-182 (2001)
6 Owen Horn, Sandro Nalli, David Cooper and Jim Nicell; Plasticizer metabolites in the environment. Water Research 38, 3693-3698 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Asako Ozaki, Yukihiko Yamaguchi, Tadao Fujita, Koichi Kuroda and Ginji Endo; Chemical analysis and genotoxicological safety assessment of paper and paperboard used for food packaging. Food and Chemical Toxocology 42, 1323-1337 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 김기철, 고환욱: 식품 용기포장재중 내분비계장애물질에 관한 연구, 경기도보건환경연구원 보고서, 2000
9 http://www.inchem.org/
10 C. Fauris, H. Lundstrom and R. Wilagines; Cytotoxicological safety assessment of papers and boards used for food packaging. Food Additives and Contaminants 15(6), 716-728 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
11 B. Denis Page and Gladys M. Lacroix; The occurrence of phthalate ester and di-2-ethylhexyl adipate plasticizers in Canadian packaging and food sampled in 1985-1989: a Survey. Food Additives and Contaminants 12(1), 129-151 (1995)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Y. Song, T. Begley, K. Paquette and V. Komolprasert; Effectiveness of polyproplene film as a barrier to migration from recycled paperboard packaging to fatty and highmoisture food. Food Additives and Contaminants 20(9), 875-883 (2003)   DOI
13 Yukari Tsumura, Susumu Ishimitsu, Akiko Kaihara, Kimihiko Yoshii and Yasuhide Tonogai; Phthalates, Adipates, Citrate and some of the other plasticizers detected in Japanese retail foods: a Survey. J. Health Science 48(6), 493-502 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 K. Korhonen, T. Liukkonen, W. Ahrens, G.Astrakianakis, P. Boffetta, A. Burdorf. D. Heederik, T. Kauppinen, M. Kogevinas, P. Osvoll. B. A. Rix, A. Saalo, J. Sunyer, I. Szadkowska-Stanczyk, K. Teschke, H. Westberg and K. Widerkiewicz; Occupational exposure to chemical agents in the paper industry. Int. Arch. Occup. Envion. Health 77, 451-460 (2004)   DOI