• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권sup2호
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• pp.311-323
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• 2007

Receptor activation of nuclear factor ${\kappa}$ B ligand (RANKL)은 파골세포의 분화와 기능에 중요한 역할을 하는 단백질로 이들 물질의 조절에는 p38 MAP kinase가 관여한다. 그러나 치주인대 섬유모세포에서 RANKL 발현 시 p38 MAP kinase의 역할은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 이번 연구는 마우스 치주인대 섬유모세포의 $IL-1{\beta}-induced$ RANKL 발현과정에서 p38의 역할을 규명하고자 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 마우스 치주인대 섬유모세포에 $IL-1{\beta}$ (1ng/ml)의 자극은 수용성 RANKL의 합성을 증가시켰다. 수용성 RANKL의 합성은 p38 MAP kinase 억제제인 SB203580에 의해 농도 의존적으로 억제되었으나 다른 MAP kinase 억제제인 SP600125, JNK 억제제와 PD98059, ERK 억제제에 의해서는 수용성 RANKL의 합성이 조절되지 않았다. NF-kB 억제제에 의해서도 수용성 RANKL의 합성이 억제되지 않았다. RANKL 유전자의 발현은 $IL-1{\beta}$로 자극 시에는 대조군에 비해 약 5배의 발현 증가를 보였으나 SB203580으로 전처치 시 $IL-1{\beta}$ (1ng/ml)로 자극시보다 약 1.5배의 감소를 보였다. 그러나 SP600125, PD98059, 및 NF-kB 억제제로 전처치한 경우에는 $IL-1{\beta}$로 자극한 경우와 비슷한 수준을 보였다. $IL-1{\beta}$로 자극 시 RANKL 유전자의 반감기가 90분 이었으나 SB203580로 전처치 후 $IL-1{\beta}$로 자극 시 RANKL 유전자의 반감기는 60분으로 감소하였다. Cycloheximide 전처리 시 SB203580에 의한 RANKL 유전자 발현 억제가 관찰되지 않았다. 단백질 분석결과 p38 MAP kinase의 인산화 활성은 30분까지 증가하였으나 그 이후 감소하여 2시간째에는 그 발현이 미약하였다. SB203580로 전처치 후 $IL-1{\beta}$로 자극 시 p38 MAP kinase의 인산화 활성이 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 p38 MAP kinase가 RANKL 유전자 조절에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 시사한다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.305-316
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• 2016

In this paper we study general rotational surfaces in the 4-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^4$ and give a characterization of flat general rotational surface with pointwise 1-type Gauss map. Also, we show that a flat general rotational surface with pointwise 1-type Gauss map is a Lie group if and only if it is a Clifford torus.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.315-330
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• 1998

Chen and Piccinni [7] have classified all compact surfaces in a Euclidean space $R^{2＋p}$ with 1-type generalized Gauss map. Being motivated by this result, the purpose of this paper is to consider the Lorentz version of the classification theorem and to obtain a complete classification of space-like surfaces in indefinite Euclidean space $R_{p}$ $^{2＋p}$ with 1-type generalized Gauss map.p.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

A knowledge map is a network-typed diagram visualizing all kinds of knowledge that influences each other to solve a problem. A knowledge map determines the structure of knowledge categorizing and archiving by defining the relationship of referential navigation among knowledge. Since tremendous and increasing number of knowledge needs to be included in a knowledge map, a knowledge map must be organized automatically by considering the contents and relationships of knowledge. This paper suggests the concept and prototype of a semi-automated knowledge map which automatically maps new piece of knowledge onto a manually provided draft map. The prototype knowledge map is based on the recursive programming to make a knowledge map automatically determine the location of the newly-entered knowledge by considering the referential relationship between knowledge. The proposed knowledge enables the knowledge network to expand autonomously by automatically including and storing knowledge. Also, it can improve the accuracy and applicability of knowledge for problem-solving, because the relationship of referential navigation among knowledge can be efficiently and effectively expressed.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 1992

The study is aimed at extraction of the groundwater potential area using the Geographic Information System. The study was to develop techniques of the thematic mapping such as slope map, geologic map, soil map and suitability mapping for grotential area. There thematic maps were combined and weightages were given to produce suitability map for groundwater potential area. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The 78% of cased wells have releation to lineament coincided with the appraisement point of the suitability map. 2) The 9 sites of 18 test sites produced over than 200 m$^3$/day. The with the highest appraisement point of the suitability map. 3) Suitability map is effective to extract groundwater potential area which can not be extracted from the remotely sensed data. The developed suitability mapping techniques are expected to do as an important tool for exploration and development of the newable and unnewable resources such as groundwater, petroleum etc.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.1007-1021
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• 2004

In this paper, we study rotation surfaces in the Minkowski 3-dimensional space with pointwise 1-type Gauss map and obtain by the use of the concept of pointwise finite type Gauss map, a characterization theorem concerning rotation surfaces and constancy of the mean curvature of certain open subsets on these surfaces.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

국토지리정보원에서 제작하는 지도는 공공재적 성격을 지닌 재화로 제작원가를 공급가격으로 모두 회수할 수는 없다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 상황을 감안하여 지도제작원가를 산출하고, 이를 토대로 지도의 공공재적인 성격을 고려한 적정 지도가격을 산정하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 수치지도와 종이지도의 축척별, 형태별 제작원가를 계산하고, 지도공급가격을 결정하는 한편, 지도공급현황과 지도유통시장 분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과 두 가지 안을 제시하였다. 연구결과를 지도공급가격에 반영할 경우 인상율이 매우 크기 때문에 6년에 걸쳐 목표지도공급가격 까지 인상하는 대안 1(목표가 대비 30% 인상)과 3년 후에는 목표지도공급가격까지 인상하는 대안 2(목표가 대비 50% 인상)를 제시하였다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.923-938
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• 2018

In this paper, we handle the Gauss map of a tubular surface which is constructed according to the parallel transport frame of its spine curve. We show that there is no tubular surface having harmonic Gauss map. Moreover, we give a complete classification of this kind of tubular surface having pointwise 1-type Gauss map in Euclidean 4-space ${\mathbb{E}}^4$.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1998

In Korea, the initial installation of GIS requires lots of cost, time, and human efforts. If the accuracy of GIS data does not meet the certain standard for use, the system may not work as expected. So, it needs to be investigated for the accuracy of raw data. However, there is little study for the accuracy of raw data in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the data accuracy of raw data - geologic map, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 scale topographic map, forest stand map, degree of green naturality(DGN) map, and detailed survey data of DGN map-, which are to be used in Environmental Information System(EIS) in Korea. After this study, some errors in data were surveyed and following conclusions were derived. (1) There is no map data, e. g, wildlife habitat map. (2) Some data are misinterpreted depending on the location in the geologic map. (3) Some data are not updated properly after change of topography in the topographic map or the elevation and location is different depending on the scale.. (4) Some data are not edited properly in the forest stand map, e. g. two attributes in one polygon. (5) DGN classification system does not reflect the characteristic of Korean vegetation community. So, it needs to be refined and restructured.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.673-689
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• 2009

We analyze $MAP_1,\;MAP_2$/G/1 finite queues with service scheduling function dependent upon queue lengths. The customers are classified into two types. The arrivals of customers are assumed to be the Markovian Arrival Processes (MAPs). The service order of customers in each buffer is determined by a service scheduling function dependent upon queue lengths. Methods of embedded Markov chain and supplementary variable give us information for queue length of two buffers. Finally, the performance measures such as loss probability and mean waiting time are derived. Some numerical examples also are given with applications in telecommunication networks.