• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.126-129
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• 2014

We report the crystallographic and magnetic properties of $Ni_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}Ga_2S_4$ by means of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, and a M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer spectroscopy. In particular, $Ni_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}Ga_2S_4$ was studied by M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer analysis for evidence of spin reorientation. The chalcogenide material $Ni_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}Ga_2S_4$ was fabricated by a direct reaction method. XRD analysis confirmed that $Ni_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}Ga_2S_4$ has a 2-dimension (2-D) triangular lattice structure, with space group P-3m1. The M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer spectra of $Ni_{0.3}Fe_{0.7}Ga_2S_4$ at spectra at various temperatures from 4.2 to 300 K showed that the spectrum at 4.2 K has a severely distorted 8-line shape, as spin liquid. Electric quadrupole splitting, $E_Q$ has anomalous two-points of temperature dependence of $E_Q$ curve as freezing temperature, $T_f=11K$, and N$\acute{e}$el temperature, $T_N=26K$. This suggests that there appears to be a slowly-fluctuating "spin gel" state between $T_f$ and $T_N$, caused by non-paramagnetic spin state below $T_N$. This comes from charge re-distribution due to spin-orientation above $T_f$, and $T_N$, due to the changing $E_Q$ at various temperatures. Isomer shift value ($0.7mm/s{\leq}{\delta}{\leq}0.9mm/s$) shows that the charge states are ferrous ($Fe^{2+}$), for all temperature range. The Debye temperature for the octahedral site was found to be ${\Theta}_D=260K$.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.110-113
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• 2008

In this study, heavy rare earth garnet $Tb_2Bi_1Ga_1Fe_4O_{12}$ powders were fabricated by a sol-gel and vacuum annealing process. The crystal structure was found to be single-phase garnet with a space group of Ia3d. The lattice constant $a_0$ was determined to be 12.465 ${\AA}$. From the analysis of the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) hysteresis loop at room temperature, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of the sample are 7.64 emu/g and 229 Oe, respectively. The N$\acute{e}$el temperature($T_N$) was determined to be 525 K. The M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer spectrum of $Tb_2Bi_1Ga_1Fe_4O_{12}$ at room temperature consists of 2 sets of 6 Lorentzians, which is the pattern of single-phase garnet. From the results of the M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer spectrum at room temperature, the absorption area ratios of Fe ions on 24d and 16a sites are 74.7% and 25.3%(approximately 3:1), respectively. These results show that all of the non-magnetic Ga atoms occupy the 16a site by a vacuum annealing process. Absorption area ratios of Fe ions are dependent not only on a sintering condition but also on the temperature of the sample. It can then be interpreted that the Ga ion distribution is dependent on the temperature of the sample. The M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer measurement was carried out in order to investigate the atomic migration in $Tb_2Bi_1Ga_1Fe_4O_{12}$.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2008

준강자성체 구리-철-크롬 산화물 $CuFe_{0.9}Cr_{1.1}O_4$을 제조하여 액체질소 온도에서부터 닐 온도까지의 범위에 대한 뫼스바우어 분광실험을 하였다. 닐 온도는 355 K로 측정되었으며, 닐 온도 이상에서의 전기사중극자 상호작용의 크기인 사중극자 분열값은 0.50 mm/s인 반면, 닐 온도 이하에서의 사중극자 이동값은 실험오차 범위 내에서 0.00 mm/s이었다. 이러한 전기사중극자 상호작용에 대한 겉보기 불일치 현상은 자기적 초미세 자기장이 전기장 기울기 텐서의 주축에 대하여 무작위로 배열된다는 모델을 이용하면 설명될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• 제73권12호
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• pp.1863-1866
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• 2018

The sodium-iron phosphate maricite-$NaFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ was synthesized using the ball mill method. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the prepared materials were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectroscopy. Structural refinement of maricite-$NaFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ was analyzed using the FullProf program. From the XRD patterns, the crystal structure of maricite-$NaFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ was found to be orthorhombic with the space group Pmnb. The lattice parameters of maricite-$NaFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ are as follows: $a_0=6.866{\AA}$, $b_0=8.988{\AA}$, $c_0=5.047{\AA}$, and $V=311.544{\AA}^3$. Maricite-$NaFePO_4$ has an edge-sharing structure that consists of $FeO_6$ octahedral. Under an applied field of 100 Oe, the temperature dependences of zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) curves were measured from 4.2 to 295 K. $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectra were also recorded at various temperatures ranging from 4.2 to 295 K. We thus confirmed that the $N{\acute{e}}el$ temperature of $NaFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ ($T_N=14K$) was lower than that of maricite-$NaFePO_4$ ($T_N=15K$).

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2012

Olivine 구조인 $LiFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ 분말 시료를 직접합성법(solid state method) 으로 제조하였으며, 결정학적 및 자기적 특성을 x-선 회절(x-ray diffractometer), 초전도 양자 간섭계(superconducting quantum interference devices) 및 뫼스바우어 분광(M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer spectroscopy) 실험을 이용하여 연구하였다. $LiFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ 시료의 결정구조는 공간그룹이 Pnma인 orthorhombic 구조임을 Rietveld 정련법으로 분석하였다. $LiFe_{0.9}Mn_{0.1}PO_4$ 시료의 닐온도 (N$\acute{e}$el temperature; $T_N$)는 50 K으로 나타내었고 닐온도에서 자기 상전이가 일어나는 것을 초전도 양자 간섭계 실험을 통하여 확인하였다. Fe(Mn)-O 이온간 거리를 분석하여 $FeO_6(MnO_6)$ 팔면체 구조가 비대칭임을 확인하였고 그 구조로 인하여 강한 결정장에 영향을 받으며, 닐온도 이상에서 자기 2중극자 상호작용은 사라지고, 강한 결정장에 의한 전기 4중극자 작용만이 존재하여 두 개의 흡수선이 나타나는 것을 뫼스바우어 분광 실험을 통하여 분석하였다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.137-140
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• 2007

We have studied the temperature dependent magnetic properties and crystalline phase transitionn in small amount Fe doped nickel chromite. The Crystalline structure of $NiCr_{1.7}Fe_{0.3}O_4$ is spinel cubic (Fd-3m) structure with a lattice constant $a_0=8.317\AA$ at room temperature. The magnetic $N\acute{e}el$ temperature $(T_N)$ of the Fe doped nickel chromite sample is determined to be 250 K. The $M\ddot{o}ssbauer$ spectra exhibit that there are two magnetic phases with the two different sites for the $Cr^{3+}$ ions. The spectrum at 4.2 K is fitted to two magnetic components of the magnetic hyperfine fields $H_{hf}=496$ and 485 kOe. From the spectrum at 295 K, the electric quadrupole splittings are observed with large values of 0.49 and 0.50 mm/s, respectively. The values of the isomer shifts at all temperature ranges show that the Fe ions are ferric states. We are suggested that the dynamic Jahn-Teller distortion and anisotropic magnetic relaxation effects due to the crystalline phase transition.