• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1989

본 논문은 DP(dynamic programming) 매칭법을 확장하여 흘림체 한글을 온라인으로 인식하는 방법에 대하여 논한 것이다. 한글의 자소는 보다 간단한 자소에 선분이 점차로 추가되어 보다 복잡한 구조로 발전되는 특징이 있다. 자소의 조합에 의해 구성되는 한글에는 유사한 문자 패턴이 많다. 이러한 특성으로 인하여 한글에 대하여 DP매칭법을 적용하여도, 입력문자와 표준문자와의 패턴간 거리를 정확하게 구하는 것이 곤란하다. 본 방식에서는 DP매칭을 행하기 전에, 한글의 최초, 최후선분의 특성을 살린 대분류매칭을 행함으로써 DP매칭의 대상수를 줄였다. 본 방식은 DP매칭법에 자소패턴의 추출기능을 부가함으로써, DP매칭을 확장하여, 한글의 문자패턴간의 거리를 정확하게 측정하는 것을 시도한다. 자소패턴의 추출은, 자소패턴을 구성하는 선분의 ON/OFF, 방향코오드, 방향코오드의 변화, 배치 구조등을 조사함으로써 행한다. 이와같이 하므로써 필기운동 변화의 흡수와 비교적 안정된 스트로크의 분리가 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

Recently, various efforts have been made to develop oil and gas in the Arctic Ocean. It is very important to consider the load caused by ice in designing floating structures in the area. The magnitude of the ice load and its impact on a structure should be considered. In this paper, we analyze ice parameters affecting the DP performance of FPSO with a DP-assisted mooring system. Several ice characteristics are selected, and the resulting ice load is calculated using GEM software. Numerous simulations are conducted while changing the values of the parameters, and DP capability plots are generated to visualize the effects of changing these parameters. It is shown that the ice drift speed and thickness are the major properties to be considered in DP system design. The limitations of the analysis and future work are discussed in the conclusion.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

For microstructural analysis of a friction stir welded (FSWed) joint of advanced high-strength steels, dual phase (DP) and complex phase (CP) steels, are studied. FSWed joints are successfully fabricated in the following four cases: (i) DP/DP; (ii) CP/CP; (iii) DP/CP, where the advancing side is DP and the retreating side is CP; (iv) CP/DP, where the advancing side is CP and the retreating side is DP. The stir zone (SZ) of (i) the DP/DP joint mainly consists of lath martensite, while the stir zone of (ii) the CP/CP joint consists not only of lath martensite but also of bainite. In the case of (iii) DP/CP and (iv) CP/DP, they exhibit a similar microstructure including acicular-shaped phases in the joints; however, cross-sections of the joints show differences in material mixing in each case. In (iv) the CP/DP joint, temperature towards the CP steel is sufficient to cause softening, thus leading to better mixing than that in (iii) DP/CP. The phases of the SZ in each of the four cases are formed by phase transformation during the FSWed process; however, the transformed phase volume fraction of CP steel is lower than that of DP steel, indicating that dynamic recrystallization occurs mainly in CP steel. The hardness values of the SZ are significantly higher than those of the base materials, especially, the SZ of (iii) the DP/CP joint has the highest value due to highest fraction of lath martensite.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2012

Nowadays, car manufacturers tried to improve automotive fuel efficiency, and applied many high strength steels such as AHSS or UHSS to car bodies. Therefore, the number of steel combinations for the resistance spot welding are dramatically increased and the need for weldability evaluation of these combinations are also required. In this study, we suggest the lobe curve using FEM simulations for DP780 steel with 1.0t, 1.4t. The lobe curves which could expressed weldablity and optimal welding condition were obtained according to 6 steel combinations. There were two combinations for same steel sheet which were DP780 1.0t, DP780 1.4t. Dissimilar steel sheet combination with different thickness was 1.0t and 1.4t of DP780. Different steel combinations were DP780 1.0t and SPRC440 1.0t, and DP780 1.0t and DP590 1.0t. Finally dissimilar combinations was and DP780 1.0t and DP590 1.4t. The trend of low boundary and high boundary variation of lobe curve were analyzed with a viewpoint of the contact resistance and the heat input.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2001

As many sensors and actuators are used in many automated systems, various industrial networks are adopted for real-time distributed control. In order to take advantages of the networking, however, the network implementation should be carefully designed to satisfy real-time requirements considering network delays. This paper presents the implementation of a remote feedback control system via Profibus-DP net work for real-time distributed control More specifically, the effect of the network delay on the control performance evaluated on Profibus-DP testbed. Also, the traditional PID gain tuning methods are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the remote feedback control.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.106-120
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• 2010

Objectives: Sanjointang has been clinically used much for treating sleeplessness. However, the effects of Sanjointang in artificial sleep deprivation situations are not known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular diastolic pressure, +dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt maximum, and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio which are related to the hemodynamic functions of the heart by using sleep-deprived Sparague-Dawley rats, in order to clarify the impact of Sanjointang on hemodynamic functions of the heart of sleep deprived rats. Methods: Eighteen hearts were removed from the male Sparague-Dawley rats weighting about 180g were perfused by the Langendorff technique with modified 37 Krebs-Henseleit's buffer solution at a constant perfusion pressure (60mmHg). They were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups, 1) Normal group (those which did not have sleep deprivation and received normal saline administration), 2) Control group (sleep deprived and normal saline administered), 3) Sample group (sleep deprived and Sanjointang was administered). Control and sample groups rats were deprived 96 hours of sleep by using the modified multiple platform technique. Heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular diastolic pressure, +dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio were evaluated at baseline after the administration of either normal saline or Sanjointang. Results: The heart rate and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio was significantly decreased in rats with 96 hours of sleep deprived significantly decreased. The change in the heart rate after administering Sanjointang did not show any significant difference. The left ventricular systolic pressure of the removed heart significantly decreased due to Sanjointang administration, while the left ventricular diastolic pressure significantly increased (p<0.05). The +dp/dt maximum and -dp/dt maximum both significantly decreased in the removed heart after administering Sanjointang. (p<0.05). There was no significant difference observed in the -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio after administering Sanjointang. Conclusions: According to the results above, sleep deprivation significantly decreases heart rate and -dp/dt / +dp/dt ratio. This is considered as a result of exhaustion due to accumulation of fatigue. Meanwhile, Sanjointang reduced left ventricular systolic pressure and raised left ventricular diastolic pressure, and relieved the contractility and relaxation of the myocardium. Consequently, this reduces the burden of the heart and creates a relatively stabilized heart condition similar to a sleeping condition.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.196-201
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• 1992

분질 고구마인 수원 147과 점질인 황미로부터 전분을 분리하고 산가수분해 특성 및 X-ray 회절도를 통해 내부결합력 및 결정강도를 비교하였으며 겔크로마토그래피를 통해 산분해 잔사의 구조적 특성을 조사하였다. 수원 147이 황미보다 산가수분해에 강한 저항성을 보였으며 생전분의 결정화도와 산처리에 따른 전분들의 상대적 결정화도의 증가는 수원 147이 더 크게 나타났다. 산처리에 의하여 ${\beta}$-Amylolysis limit(%)는 점차 증가하였으며 겔크로마토그래피로 용출되는 분자크기가 크게 감소했다. 산분해 잔사는 중합도(DP) 25와 DP 15 부근의 2개의 peak로 분획되었다. Debranching 한 후의 분획은 DP 15부근의 단일 peak로 나타났고 peak의 DP에서 분질과 점질간 차이가 나타났다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.173-187
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• 2007

Objectives : In order to verify the cardiovascular hemodynamic function of Kammaegdaejo-tang, the experiment was performed in the rats. Methods : Twelve hearts removed from male Sparague-Dawley rats weighing between 250g and 300g were perfused by the Langendorff technique with modified 37 Krebs-Henseleit's buffer solution at a constant perfusion pressure. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups, supplied with either normal saline or Kammaegdaejotang administration. Heart rate, left ventricular pressure, +dp/dt maximum, -dp/dt maximum, and -dp/dt/ +dp/dt ratio were evaluated at baseline after the administration of either normal saline or Kammaegdaejotang. Results : Kammaegdaejotang made the heart rate increasing significantly (p<0.05). Kammaegdaejotang did not effectively work on left ventricular pressure of the isolated heart(p=0.11, no significance). The significant effects of Kammaegdaejotang were observed on +dp/dt max and -dp/dt max(p<0.05). Kammaegdaejotang did not effectively work on -dp/dt/ +dp/dt ratio(p=0.24, no significance).

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.98-118
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• 2014

An auto weather-vaning system for a Dynamic Positioning (DP) vessel is proposed. When a DP vessel is operating, its position keeping is hindered by ocean environmental disturbances which include the ocean current, wave and wind. Generally, most ocean vessels have a longitudinal length that is larger than the transverse width. The largest load acts on the DP vessel by ocean disturbances, when the disturbances are incoming in the transverse direction. Weather-vaning is the concept of making the heading angle of the DP vessel head toward (or sway from) the disturbance direction. This enables the DP vessel to not only perform marine operations stably and safely, but also to maintain its position with minimum control forces (surge & sway components). To implement auto weather-vaning, a nonlinear controller and a disturbance observer are used. The disturbance observer transforms a real plant to the nominal model without disturbance to enhance the control performance. And the nonlinear controller deals with the kinematic nonlinearity. The auto weather-vaning system is completed by adding a weather-vaning algorithm to disturbance based controller. Numerical simulations of a semi-submersible type vessel were performed for the validation. The results show that the proposed method enables a DP vessel to maintain its position with minimum control force.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2009

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Dual Phase (DP), Transformation-Induced Plasticity (TRIP), and Quenching & Partitioning (Q&P) steels were investigated in order to define the strengthening mechanism of 0.2 C steel. An intercritical annealing between Ac1 and Ac3 was conducted to produce DP and TRIP steel, followed by quenching the DP and TRIP steel being quenched at to room temperature and by the TRIP steel being austemperingaustempered-air cooling cooled the steel toat room temperature, respectively. The Q&P steel was produced from full austenization, followed by quenching to the temperature between $M_s$ and $M_f$, and then enriching the carbon to stabilize the austenite throughout the heat treatment. For the DP and TRIP steels, as the intercritical annealing temperature increased, the tensile strength increased and the elongation decreased. The strength variation was due to the amount of hard phases, i.e., martensite and bainite, respectively in the DP and TRIP steels. It was also found that the elongation also decreased with the amount of soft ferrite in the DP and TRIP steels and with the amount of the that was retained in the austenite phasein the TRIP steel, respectively for the DP and TRIP steels. For the Q&P steel, as the partitioning time increased, the elongation and the tensile strength increased slightly. This was due to the stabilized austenite that was enriched with carbon, even when the amount of retained austenite decreased as the partitioning time increased from 30 seconds to 100 seconds.