• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.263-267
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• 2004

We have investigated the characteristics of a Nd:YAG laser pumped by a cw Ti:sapphire laser. When the pumping power of the Ti:sapphire laser was 850 ㎽, the maximum output power of the Nd:YAG laser was 450 ㎽. As a result, the slope efficiency for the output power of the Nd:YAG laser was measured to be 56%. We have also investigated the characteristics of a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser by using a Cr$^{4+}$:YAG as saturable absorber with initial transmission of 90%. The maximum average output power of 200 ㎽ was obtained with repetition rate of 23.8 KHz and pulse width of 17.0 ns.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 1998

Passively Q-switched, laser diode(LD) end-pumped Nd:YAG laser was demonstrated by using $Cr^{4+}$:YAG as a saturable absorber. In addition , we could calculate an excitation efficiency, which is an important parameter to evaluate the pumping geometry, directly by measuring the absorbed power in Nd:YAG at threshold condition. We found that output parameters such as average power, pulse duration, and repetition rate strongly depended on the low intensity transmission of $Cr^{4+}$:YAG and driving current of lase diode. The maximum Q-switched output power of 1 W was obtained with 40 kHz repetition rate. The pulse duration was varied from 50 ns to 200 ns.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 1999

We have investigated the output power performance of a continuous-wave chromium-doped YAG laser ($Cr^{4+}$:YAG laser), pumped by a Nd: YAG laser. With an output coupler of 1% transmission, we obtained as much as 400 mW of the average output power at 1.450 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The power slope efficiency of 8%, when the gain medium was cooled to 2$0^{\circ}C$. We tuned the wavelength of the $Cr^{4+}$:YAG laser, at pump power of 6 W, by using birefringent filter. As a result, lasing wavelength was tuned from 1.399 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ to 1.532 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, with the maximum output power of 340 mW at 1.4903 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and the linewidth was 0.21 nm.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.276-280
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• 2009

A Cr:YAG crystal was used as a saturable absorber for passive Q-switching of a Nd:$YVO_4$ laser which was pumped by a 1-W continuous wave laser diode. The first surface of the Cr:YAG was high-reflection coated for the pump wavelength. The high-reflection coating improved the absorption efficiency of the pump beam in the Nd:$YVO_4$ through double pass absorption. It also prevented pump beam induced partial bleaching of the Cr:YAG. The peak-to-peak pulse fluctuation of passively Q-switched laser output was approximately 4 %. The minimum pulse-width was measured to be 7.11 ns. Also, the average pulse repetition rate was 9 kHz and the maximum output power was 16.27 mW.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.308-309
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• 2000

Nd:YAG 레이저의 수동적 Q-switching을 위해서는 대부분 유기물인 dye를 포화흡수체로 이용해 왔으나, 장시간 사용시 dye 분자의 결합이 끓어지면서 생기는 photodegradation으로 인하여 안정성에 많은 문제를 가지고 있다. 최근에 Cr$^{4+}$ :YAG 단결정의 물리적인 특성과 열적 안정성이 밝혀지면서 Nd:YAG 레이저의 Q-switching용 포화흡수체로 대치되고 있다[1]. 본 실험에서는 Z-Scan 방법을 이용하여 입사광의 세기에 따른 Cr$^{4+}$ :YAG 단결정의 흡수변화를 측정하였으며, 또한 Cr$^{4+}$ :YAG 단결정의 성장이 진행될수록 결정성장 길이에 따라 Cr 이온의 농도가 낮아지는 현상이[2] 발생하는데 두가지 서로 다른 결정화분률에 대해서 비선형 흡수를 비교하였다. (중략)

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2004

생활 주변에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 플래쉬 램프회로를 이용하여 소형 고체레이저를 개발하였다. 레이저 매질로는 Nd:YAG가 사용되었으며, 수동형 큐스위칭 $동작^{[1-4]}$을 위하여 Cr:YAG 결정이 사용되었다. 플래쉬 램프 회로로는 코닥 일회용 카메라, 후지 일회용 카메라, 자동차 장식용으로 사용되는 훠링의 스파크 라이트를 사용하였다. 레이저의 펌핑 에너지에 따른 레이저 출력의 변화를 측정하고, 수동형 Q-switch로 사용되는 Cr:YAG의 도핑 농도에 따른 레이저 출력을 측정하였다. 또한 출력경의 투과율에 따른 레이저 출력을 측정하여 레이저 출력경의 최적투과율을 실험적으로 구하였다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.08a
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• pp.72-73
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• 1998

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2008

We report on the measurements of absorption spectra from acetylene ($^{12}C_2H_2$) and hydrogen cyanide ($H^{13}C^{14}N$) for wavelength reference in the C-band (conventional band) region using a supercontinuum optical source generated from a mode-locked $Cr^{4+}$:YAG laser. The center wavelength of the mode-locked $Cr^{4+}$:YAG laser was 1510 nm and the pulse duration was 75 fs at 100 MHz repetition rate. The supercontinuum source achieved a flatness of ${\pm}5dB$ over a wavelength range of more than 400 nm, using a 20 m long photonic crystal fiber. The measured absorption spectra from acetylene ($^{12}C_2H_2$) and hydrogen cyanide ($H^{13}C^{14}N$) had more than 50 lines and were analyzed for wavelength standardization.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.340-346
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• 2002

To understand the characteristics of the passively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser output energy with $Cr^{4+}$:YAG saturable absorbers, the transmissions of $Cr^{4+}$:YAG and the inversion population densities of Nd:YAG at the onset of Q-switch were experimentally analysed. The measured transmissions at the onset of Q-switch were 0.70$\pm$0.02 and 0.62$\pm$0.02 for the 0.48 and 0.38 of initial transmission, respectively. It means that the initial transmission loss of $Cr^{4+}$:YAG absorber is reduced in a low Q-state due to the initial absorbing effect of $Cr^{4+}$:YAG. In pumping stage, $Cr^{4+}$:YAG has absorbing processes due to the fluorescence and amplified spontaneous emissions of the Nd:YAG even if there is no laser oscillation. The minimum population inversion densities for Qswitch were approximately 3.7${\times}{10^{17}}$ and 4.0${\times}{10^{17}}$ $cm^{-3}$, respectively. At the beginning of Q-switch, the number density of $Cr^{4+}$ions in the ground state of $Cr^{4+}$:YAG was approximately 1.4${\times}{10^{17}}$ $cm^{-3}$ and the ratio of the ground to the excited state of absorbing $Cr^{4+}$ions was 0.44 both. The modified theoretical output energies with the initial absorbing effect were 18 and 18.5 mJ. The measured output energies were 17$\pm$1 and 18$\pm$1.5 mJ, respectively. The quantum extraction efficiencies of Q-switch were 0.32 both. The theoretical Q-switched output results with the initial absorbing effect of the saturable absorber are a good agreement with the experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.42-43
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• 2001

Nd：YVO$_4$ 결정은 들뜬 상태의 발광 평균 수명이 90-100 $\mu\textrm{s}$로 아주 짧아서 Nd：YAG나 Nd：YLF 레이저 매질에 비해 짧은 펄스폭과 빠른 반복율을 가진 펄스들을 만들어 내는 Q-switching에 적합한 레이저 매질이다. 또한 Nd：YAG 결정에 비해 아주 큰 흡수 계수 및 이득 단면적을 지니고 있어 반도체 레이저로 펌핑하는 고체 레이저에 아주 적합한 레이저 이득 매질이다. (중략)