• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1994

The effects of the novel compound GS-386 on the calcium current were investigated in rabbit atrial myocytes. The calcium current was recorded during various depolarizations of 200 ms duration from a holding potential of -40 mV using the whole cell patch clamp technique. The calcium current was activated from -30 mV, reached maximum amplitude at +10 mV and almost disappeared at +50 mV. Superfusion of GS-386 led to a reduction of the calcium current amplitude dose-dependently and $ED_{50}$ was $2.5{\times}10^{-7}M$. But the dependence of the calcium current on the membrane potential was not altered by GS-386. The inactivation of the calcium currents showed single exponential curves in both before and after application of GS-386. The inactivation time constants before and after application of GS-386 were almost the same(35 ms and 32.5 ms). The steady-state inactivation curve of the calcium current was not shifted by GS-386. The calcium currents both before and after application of GS-386 recovered completely in 1 sec and the recovery time constants were about 200 ms in both cases. From the above results it is concluded that the novel compound GS-386 has calcium antagonistic property decreasing the calcium current.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2020

A number of unconsolidated deposits, consisting of a layer of gravels and silt, are found in Dangjeong-ri, Seocheon-gun in the western coast. From below in the stratigraphic sequence, the gravel layer ranging up to a maximum thickness of about 2 meters is interpreted as being formed by fluvial processes of an old channel (Dangjeong S.), and the overlying silt or sandy silt layer of 2 to 3 thickness meters is assumed to be emerged paleo-tidal sediments which was deposited in low tidal-energy environments. As the results of rock surface IRSL datings, the depositional ages of gravels are confirmed as ca. 78,000 ~ 83,000 years BP, indicating that the layer was formed in response to a high-stand sea level of MIS 5a along the Dangjeongcheon estuary. It is presumed that the relative height of 4.5 meter between the altitude of the stream bed (9.5 m) and the altitude of the bedrock boundary in the gravel layer (14 m) indicates the uplift amount since deposition. Paleo-sedimentary environments and an altitude of paleo-shoreline in the study area will be discussed with additional age dating focused on the silt layer.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2004

돼지 골격근 근소포체의 $Ca^{2+}$ 방출통로(calcium - release channel)를 지정하는 ryanodine receptor (RYR1) 유전자의 이상은 악성고열증(malignant hyperthermia, MH)을 유발하고, RYR1 유전자의 점 돌연변이는 돼지 스트레스 증후군(porcine stress syndrome, PSS)과 밀접하게 관련되어 있다. PSS 유전인자 보유 돼지의 90% 이상은 PSE 돈육을 생산하는 것으로 알려져 있어 물퇘지 발생과 생산성 하락으로 경제적 손실을 초래하는 유전적 원인의 PSS 유전자를 검사하여 제거하는 것은 고품질 돼지고기 생산 및 국내 양돈산업의 경쟁력 향상에 매우 중요한 과제라고 할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 PCR-RFLP 및 PCR-SSCP 기법을 이용하여 PSE 돈육을 생산 하는 PSS 돼지 유전자 진단기술을 개발하고 이를 이용한 국내 종돈 및 교잡 비육돈의 PSS 유전자형 출현빈도를 파악하고자 수행하였다. 돼지 PSS의 원인이 되는 RYR 유전자의 단일염기 돌연변이 (RYR1 C1843T)를 포함하는 DNA 영역을 PCR로 증폭한 후 RFLP 및 SSCP 기법을 이용하여 분석한 결과 동형접합체의 정상 개체(N/N), 이형접합체의 잠재성 개체(N/n)그리고 열성의 돌연변이 유전자를 동형접합체 상태로 갖는 PSS 감수성 개체(n/n)에 각각 특이적인 RFLP 및 SSCP 유전자형이 검출되어 PSS 저항성, 잠재성 및 감수성 개체의 정확한 판별이 가능하였다. 돼지 주요 품종 집단내 PSS유전자형 출현빈도를 조사한 결과 Landrace는 PSS저항성 개체가 57.1%, 잠재성 개체가 35.7%그리고 PSS 감수성 개체의 출현 비율은 7.1%로 분석되었고 L. Yorkshire는 82.5, 15.8 및 1.7%, Duroc은 95.2, 4.8 및 0.0%로 각각 조사되었다. 비육용 교잡돈은 정상 개체가 72.0%, 잠재성 개체가 22.7% 그리고 PSS 감수성 개체는 5.3%였다. 특히, PCR-SSCP 기법을 이용한 RYR1 유전자 돌연변이 검출 방법은 보다 신속 간편하면서도 상대적으로 분석비용이 저렴한 정확성이 높은 PSS 돼지 진단기술로서 대규모 돼지집단 검색이나 RFLP 방법으로 판정이 불확실한 시료의 재검에 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1998

의료 정보 전달 시스템은 이동 중에 있는 환자의 감시용 센서에서 발생하는 의료 정보를 의사나 간호원이 상주하고 있는 사무실로 전송하고 수집된 데이터를 종합 분석 처리하는 기능을 가지며, 사무실에 설치된 중앙 센터 기지국, 복도나 입원 환자실에 설치된 중계 기지국과 환자의 이동 단말기로 구성된다. 기존의 의료 정보 전달 시스템은 환자 데이터를 중앙 센터로 송신하는 단방향 통신이며, 데이터 전송속도는 9.6Kbps이고, 전용망으로 구성된다. 본 논문에서는 의료 정보 전달 시스템에 활용될 수 있도록 양방향 통신 프로토콜 구현 방안을 제안하고 수치 해석과 실험을 통하여 제시된 방안의 성능을 검증하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2005

We performed a basic experiment for the rapid, on-line, real-time measurement of hepatitis B surface antigen using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. We immobilized anti­HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) polyclonal antibody, as a ligand, to the dextran layer on a CM5 chip surface that had previously been activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide. A sample solution containing HBsAg was fed through a microfluidic channel, and the reflecting angle change due to the mass increase from the binding was detected. The binding characteristics between HBsAg and its polyclonal antibody followed the typical monolayer adsorption isotherm. When the entire immobilized antibody had interacted, no additional, non-specific binding occurred, suggesting the immunoreaction was very specific. The bound antigen per unit mass of the antibody was independent of the immobilized ligand density. No significant steric hindrance was observed at an immobilization density of approximately $17.6 ng/mm^2$. The relationship between the HBsAg concentration in the sample solution and the antigen bound to the ligand was linear up to ca. $40{\mu}g$/mL. This linearity was much higher than that of the ELISA method. It appeared the anti­gen-antibody binding increased as the immobilized ligand density increased. In summary, this study showed the potential of this SPR biosensor-based method as a rapid, simple and multi­sample on-line assay. Once properly validated, it may serve as a more efficient method for HBsAg quantification for replacing the ELISA.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2007

분리된 무 자엽 조직에 산화질소 (nitric oxide: NO) 공여체인 sodium nitroprusside (SNP) 처리 시 농도 의존방식으로 부정근의 발달을 증진시켰다. 그러나 이러한 NO 증진 효과는 세포외 칼슘 chelator인 0.5 mM EGTA 또는 세포막 칼슘채널 차단제인 0.1 mM $LaCl_3$를 각각 $50\;{\mu}M$ SNP와 함께 혼합처리 시 반전되었다. 또한, 뿌리 발생에서 중심적 역할을 수행하는 것으로 알려진 guaiacol peroxidase (GPX)와 syringaldazine peroxidase (SPX)의 활성도가 SNP 단독 처리된 자엽에서 부정근이 형성되는 동안 현저히 증가하였다. 그러나, SNP와 $LaCl_3$ 혼합처리 시 SNP에 의해 유도된 GPX와 SPX 활성도 증가가 거의 증류수 대조구 수준으로 억제되었다. calmodulin의 anatagonist인 trifuoperazine 역시 SNP로 처리된 자엽에서 부정근 형성을 억제하여 발생된 뿌리의 개수와 길이를 감소시켰으며 동시에 GPX와 SPX를 불활성화 하였다. 결론적으로, 이들 결과는 칼슘이 GPX와 SPX 활성도 조절을 통해 부정근 유도를 이끄는 NO 반응에 포함되어 있음을 나타내는 것이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.364-382
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• 1992

In order to investigate the effect of intracellular cyclic GMP on the calcium channel, whole cell patch clamp technique with internal perfusion method was used in the single ventricular myocytes of the rabbit. Cyclic GMP, cGMP analogues, cAMP, isopernaline and forskolin were perfused into cells and their effects on the calcium current were analysed by applying depolarizing step pulse of 10 mV in amplitude for 200 msec from holding potential of -40 mV. Calcium currents usually activated from -30 mV and then reached a peak at +10 mV. Amplitude of the calcium current was standardized with membrane capacitance, 50 pF. Peak amplitude at +10 mV in control was -0.15 nA/50pF. When 100 mM cAMP was applied from the pipette, peak amplitude of calcium current increased to -0.32 nA and addition of 1 mM isoprenaline further increased its amplitude. In the presence of cGMP it alone also produced an increase of the calcium current to -0.52 nA/50pF and addition of isoprenaline or forskolin increased its magnitude to -[0.55~0.95] nA/50pF. Simultaneous application of cGMP and cAMP increased the calcium current to -0.67 nA/50pF. Among the cGMP analogues, 8-Br-cGMP was the most potent stimulant for the calcium current activation. From the above results it could be concluded tlat cGMP increases the calcium current not through cAMP dependent protein kinase nor cAMP dependent phosphodiesterase pathway, but through independent phosphorylation pathway, possibly cGMP dependent protein kinase pathway.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.175-175
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• 1996

The spinal dorsal horn is the area where primary afferent fibers terminate and cutaneous sensory information is Processed. A number of putative neurotransmitter substances, including excitatory and inhibitory amino acids and peptides, are present in this region and sites and cellular mechanisms of their actions have been a target of numerous studies. In this study, single neurons were acutely isolated and the properties of whole cell current and responses to excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters were studied by the patch clamp method. Young rats (7-14 days) were anesthetized with diethyl-ether, and the lumbar spinal cord was excised and cut transversely at a thickness of 30$\mu\textrm{m}$ by Vibroslicer. The treatment of spinal slices with low concentration of proteases (pronase and thermolysin 0.75 mg/$m\ell$) and mechanical dissociation yielded isolated neurons with near intact morphology. Multipolar, ellipsoidal and bipolar, and pyramidal cells were shown. By applying step voltage pulses to neurons held at -70 mV, two types of inward currents and one outward currents observed. The fast activating and inactivating inward current was the Na$\^$+/ current because of its fast kinetics and blocking by 0.5${\mu}$M TTX, a specific blocker of Na$\^$+/ channel. The second type of inward currents were sustained. Based on their kinetics and current-voltage relations, it was likely that the second type of inward current was the voltage-dependent Ca$\^$2+/ current. In the presence of TTX, the steady-state currents mainly represented outward K$\^$+/ current which looked like the delayed rectifier K$\^$+/ current. In addition, the membrane currents produced by agonist of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor and the endogenous transmitter candidate L-glutamate were recorded in isolated whole-cell voltage clamped neurons as well as responses to inhibitory amino acids (${\gamma}$-amino butyric acid, glycine). Drugs were applied by a method that allows complete exchange of the solution within 1 sec; an infinite number of solutions can be applied to a single cell.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.163-181
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Rhizoma on the blood pressure, heart rate and to define the mechanism of Notopterygii Rhizoma-induced relaxation in rabbit common carotid arterial contracted by agonists. Method : In order to explore the effect of Notopterygii Rhizoma on the blood pressure and heart rate, Notopterygii Rhizoma extract was injected in vein of rabbit ear. In order to investigate the effect of Notopterygii Rhizoma on norepinephrine(NE)-induced contracted rabbit carotid arterial strips, transverse strips with intact or damaged endothelium were used for the experiment using organ bath. To analyze the mechanism of Notopterygii Rhizoma-induced relaxation, Notopterygii Rhizoma extract infused into NE-induced contracted strips induced by agonists after treatment of methylene blue, propranolol, ouabain and it infused into serotonin, potassium chloride-induced contracted strips. Result : The blood pressure was significantly decreased by Notopterygii Rhizoma, but heart rate was insignificantly. In addition, Notopterygii Rhizoma significantly relaxed the norepinephrine, serotonin, potassium-induced contracted strips with intact endothelium or damaged endothelium. The relaxing effect of Notopterygii Rhizoma In NE-induced contracted strips with damaged endothelium by pretreatment of methylene blue, propranolol was not changed, but Ouabain was significantly decreased. Conclusion : These results were shown that Notopterygii Rhizoma affected the NE -induced contracted smooth muscle without the participation of endothelium, and demonstrated that the mechanism of NotoDtervgii Rhizoma-induced relaxation was the obstruction of receptor-operated Ca2+ channel.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1229-1238
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• 2005

The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of physical water treatment (PWT) technologies using different catalytic materials and an electronic anti-fouling device in the mitigation of mineral fouling in a once-through flow system with mini-channel heat exchanger. Effects of flow velocity and water hardness on the effectiveness of PWT technologies were experimentally studied. The artificial water hardness varied from 5.0 to 10 mo1/m$^{3}$ as CaCO$_{3}$. For 10 mo1/m$^{3}$ solution, fouling resistance reduced by 13-40$\%$ depending on flow velocity and types of PWT devices. On the other hand, fouling resistance reduced by 21-29$\%$ depending on the PWT devices for 5 mo11m3 solutions. The PWT device using alloy of Cu and Zn as catalyst (CM2) was slightly more effective than the others. SEM photographs of scale produced from the 10 mol/m$^{3}$ solution at 1.0 m/s indicated that calcium carbonate scales without PWT devices were needle-shaped aragonite, which is sticky, dense and difficult to remove. Scales with the PWT devices showed a cluster of spherical or elliptic shape crystals. Both the heat transfer test results and SEM photographs strongly support the efficacy of PWT technologies using catalytic materials and an electronic anti-fouling device in the mitigation of mineral fouling.