Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/KSME-B.2005.29.11.1229

A Study of Efficacy of Physical Water Treatment Devices for Mineral Fouling Mitigation Using Artificial Hard Water  

Pak, Bock Choon (전북대학교 기계항공시스템 공학부)
Kim, Sun Do (전북대학교 기계설계학과)
Baek, Byung Joon (전북대학교 기계항공시스템공학부)
Lee, Dong Hwan (전북대학교 기계항공시스템공학부)
Publication Information
Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B / v.29, no.11, 2005 , pp. 1229-1238 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of physical water treatment (PWT) technologies using different catalytic materials and an electronic anti-fouling device in the mitigation of mineral fouling in a once-through flow system with mini-channel heat exchanger. Effects of flow velocity and water hardness on the effectiveness of PWT technologies were experimentally studied. The artificial water hardness varied from 5.0 to 10 mo1/m$^{3}$ as CaCO$_{3}$. For 10 mo1/m$^{3}$ solution, fouling resistance reduced by 13-40$\%$ depending on flow velocity and types of PWT devices. On the other hand, fouling resistance reduced by 21-29$\%$ depending on the PWT devices for 5 mo11m3 solutions. The PWT device using alloy of Cu and Zn as catalyst (CM2) was slightly more effective than the others. SEM photographs of scale produced from the 10 mol/m$^{3}$ solution at 1.0 m/s indicated that calcium carbonate scales without PWT devices were needle-shaped aragonite, which is sticky, dense and difficult to remove. Scales with the PWT devices showed a cluster of spherical or elliptic shape crystals. Both the heat transfer test results and SEM photographs strongly support the efficacy of PWT technologies using catalytic materials and an electronic anti-fouling device in the mitigation of mineral fouling.
Keywords
Mineral Fouling; Physical Water Treatment; Induction Period; Catalytic Material; Artificial Hard Water;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Cho, Y.I., Lee, S.H. and Kim, W.T., 2003, 'Physical Water Treatment for the Mitigation of Mineralin Cooling-Tower Water,' Proceedings of the Symposia of ASHRAE Transactions, pp. 346-357
2 Lee, S.H. and Cho, Y.I., 2002, 'Study of the Performance of Physical Water Treatment with a Solenoid Coil to Prevent Mineral Fouling. Part 1: Effect of Side-Stream Filtration,' International Communication on Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 145-156   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Cho, Y.I., Fridman, A.F., Lee, S.H. Kim, W.T., 2004, 'Physical Water Treatment for Fouling Prevention In Heat Exchangers,' Advances in Heat Transfer, Vol. 48, pp. 1-71
4 Hasson, D., Avriel, M., Resnick, W., Roseman, T. and Windreich, S., 1968, 'Mechanism of Calcium Carbonate Scale Deposition on Heat Transfer Surfaces,' Int. Eng. Chem. Fund., Vol. 7, pp. 59-65   DOI
5 Sheikholeslami, R. and Watkinson, A.P., 1986, 'Scaling of Plain and Externally Finned Heat Exchanger Tubes,' J. of Heat Transfer, Vol. 108, pp. 147-152   DOI
6 Watkinson, A.P. and Martinez, O., 1975, Scaling of Heat Exchanger Tubes by Calcium Carbonate,' J. of Heat Transfer, Vol. 97, pp. 504-508   DOI
7 Bott, T.R., 1995, 'Fouling of Heat Exchangers,' Elsevier Science B. V., Netherlands, pp. 55-133
8 Bott, T.R., 1997, 'Aspects of Crystallization,' Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 14, pp. 356-360   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Panchal, C.B. and Knudsen, J.G., 1998, 'Mitigation of Water Fouling: Technology Status and Challenges,' Advances in Heat Transfer, Vol.31, pp.431-474
10 Watkinson, A.P., 1983, 'Water Quality Effects on Fouling from Hard Waters,' In Taborek J, et al, editors, Heat Exchangers-Theory and Practice. Hemisphere, pp. 853-861
11 Andritsos, N., Kontopoulou, M. and Karabelas, A.J., 1996, 'Calcium Carbonate Deposit Formation Under Isothermal Conditions,' Can. J. Chem. Eng., Vol. 74, pp. 911-919   DOI
12 Rabas, T.J. and Taborek, J., 1996, 'Heat-Rate Improvements Obtained by Retubing Condensers with New, Enhanced Tube Types,' J. of Enhanced Heat Transfer, Vol. 3, pp. 83-94   DOI
13 Kim, W.T., Cho, Y.I. and Bai, C., 2001, 'Effect of Electronic Anti-Fouling Treatment on Fouling Mitigation with Circulating Cooling-Tower Water,' International Communication of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 28, No. 5, pp. 671-680   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Won Tae Kim, Cheolho Bai and Young I. Cho, 2002, 'A Study of $Caco_3$ Fouling with a Microscopic Imaging Technique,' Int. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, pp. 597-607   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Cho, Y.I. and Choi, B.G., 1997, Validation of an Electronic Anti-Fouling Technology in a Single-Tube Heat Exchanger,' International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 42, pp. 1491-1499   DOI   ScienceOn