• Title/Summary/Keyword: $CO_2$ reforming

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Hydrogen purification using membrane reactors

  • Barbieri, Giuseppe;Bernardo, Paola;Drioli, Enrico;Lee, Dong-Wook;Sea, Bong-Kuk;Lee, Kew-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.21-24
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    • 2003
  • Methane steam reforming (MSR) was studied in a membrane reactor (MR) with a Pd-based and a porous alumina membranes. MRs showed methane conversion higher than that foresaw by the thermodynamic equilibrium for a traditional reactor (TR). Silica membranes prepared at KRICT were characterized with permeation tests on single gases ($N_2$, $H_2$ and $CH_4$). These silica membranes can be also used for high temperature applications such as $H_2$ separation $CO_2$ hydrogenation for methanol production is another reaction where $H_2O$ selective removal can be performed with these silica membranes.

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Experimental Study on the Partial Oxidation Reforming of CH4/O2 Mixture in Two-Section Porous Media (CH4/O2 혼합기의 2단 다공체 내 부분산화 개질에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Guahk, Young Tae;Lee, Dae Keun;Ko, Chang-Bog
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.249-251
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    • 2014
  • Synthesis gas such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide was produced from $CH_4//oxygen$ mixture using two-section porous media combustor. Heat recirculation through the inner foam structure could extend the flow velocity of stable region over the laminar burning velocity. $H_2/CO$ ratio and module M from concentration of flue gas measured by Gas Chromatography was similar to those calculated by equilibrium. But it was made sure that the heat loss effect becomes more influential than heat recirculation effect as the mixture gets richer. To generate synthesis gas appropriate for methanol production, insulated pressurized porous media combustor will be designed and built in the future.

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Experimental Study on the Partial Oxidation Reforming of CH4/O2 Mixture in Two-Section Porous Media at High Pressure Conditions (고압 분위기에서 CH4/O2 혼합기의 2단 다공체 내 부분산화 개질에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Guahk, Young Tae;Lee, Dae Keun;Kim, Seung Gon;Ko, Chang-Bog;Park, Jong-Ho
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2015.12a
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    • pp.73-74
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    • 2015
  • Synthesis gas such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide was produced from $CH_4/oxygen$ mixture using insulated pressurized porous media combustor. Experimentally, two cylindrical SiC foams with the different pore density were piled up in a quartz tube and fully premixed mixture was supplied in the axial direction. After stabilizing fuel-rich flame at the interface of the two foams at several pressure conditions, mole fractions of synthesis gases were measured by gas chromatography. Heat recirculation through the inner foam structure could extend the flow velocity of stable region over the laminar burning velocity. As the pressure increased, the rich flammability limit, $H_2/CO$ ratio, and module M increased.

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The Study of KOGAS DME Process in Small and Medium Sized Gas Field Containing $CO_2$ ($CO_2$가 함유된 중소규모 가스전을 위한 KOGAS DME Process 연구)

  • Mo, Yong-Gi;Cho, Won-Jun;Song, Taek-Yong;Baek, Young-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.51-55
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    • 2010
  • The global activities to reduce the $CO_2$ emission as a greenhouse gas have been various efforts. Under this circumstance, small and medium sized gas field containing $CO_2$ to develop as LNG is not economic feasibility. Particularly, for the separation of $CO_2$ in gas field, separation facilities should be installed to add. This is and increase in plant construction cost and separated $CO_2$ emission into the atmosphere is not the result of greenhouse gas reduction. When the uneconomic gas field apply the KOGAS DME process, the gas field containing $CO_2$ can be increase economic feasibility because of natural gas and $CO_2$ can be use to resource gas. The Tri-reformer produced syngas as H2 and CO in KOGAS DME process and the resource gases are natural gas, steam, oxygen and $CO_2$. The $CO_2$ is used as raw material gases from recover $CO_2$ in DME process. In this study, we investigated range of application of $CO_2$ in gas field.

Effects of Base Metal on the Partial Oxidation of Methane Reaction (메탄의 부분산화반응에 미치는 Base metal의 영향)

  • 오영삼;장보혁;백영순;이재의;목영일
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.256-264
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    • 1999
  • The performance of the Pt-B/cordierite catalysts (2 wt%) Pt, 70 wt% Alumina, 28 wt%) Ceria and Zirconia, B: base metal) loaded with 6∼12 wt% Mn, Cu, V, Co, Cr and Ba, respectively was studied for partial oxidation of methane reaction and compared with that of Ni loaded catalyst. As a results, it was found that Ba, Co, Cr as well as Ni loaded catalysts showed higher activity for methane partial oxidation of methane than the Mn, Cu and V loaded catalyst. But it was known that catalysts having good activity for methane showed the good activity for coke formation, too. A XRD analysis of the catalyst before and after the reaction using 5 wt% Ni/Al$_2$O$_3$) showed that there were three Ni phases. In these results, it was found that methane oxidation reaction occulted at the front of the catalyst bed consisted of NiAl$_2$O$_4$and NiO and reforming reaction occurred at the rear part of the catalyst bed consisted of reduced Ni.

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Selecting Optimal CO2-Free Hydrogen Production Technology Considering Market and Technology (기술, 경제성을 고려한 최적 친환경 수소생산 기술 선정 방법)

  • Ji Hyun Lee;Seong Jegarl
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2023
  • With the increased interest in renewable energy, various hydrogen production technologies have been developed. Hydrogen production can be classified into green, blue, gray, and pink hydrogen depending on the production method; each method has different technical performance, costs, and CO2 emission characteristics. Hence, selecting the technology priorities that meet the company strategy is essential to develop technologically and economically feasible projects and achieve the national carbon neutrality targets. In addition, in early development technologies, analyzing the technology investment priorities based on the company's strategy and establishing investment decisions such as budget and human resources allocation is important. This study proposes a method of selecting priorities for various hydrogen production technologies as a specific implementation plan to achieve the national carbon neutrality goal. In particular, we analyze key performance indicators for technology, economic feasibility, and environmental performance by various candidate technologies and suggest ways to score them. As a result of the analysis using the aforementioned method, the priority of steam methane reforming (SMR) technology combined with carbon capture & storage (CCS) was established to be high in terms of achieving the national carbon neutrality goal.

Kinetic Investigation of CO2-CH4 Reaction over Ni/La2O3 Catalyst using Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

  • Oh, Hyun-Jin;Kang, Jin-Gyu;Heo, Eil;Lee, Sung-Han;Choi, Joong-Gill
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.9
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    • pp.2615-2620
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    • 2014
  • Ni/$La_2O_3$ with a high dispersion was prepared by reduction of $La_2O_3$ perovskite oxide to examine the catalytic activity for the $CO_2-CH_4$ reaction. The Ni/$La_2O_3$ catalyst was found to be highly active for the reaction. The ratios of $H_2$/CO were measured in a flow of the reaction mixture containing $CO_2/CH_4$/Ar using an on-line gas chromatography system operated at 1 atm and found to be varied with temperature between 0.66 and 1 in the temperature range of $500-800^{\circ}C$. A kinetic study of the catalytic reaction was performed in a static reactor at 40 Torr total pressure of $CO_2/CH_4/N_2$ by using a photoacoustic spectroscopy technique. The $CO_2$ photoacoustic signal varying with the concentration of $CO_2$ during the catalytic reaction was recorded as a function of time. Rates of $CO_2$ disappearance in the temperature range of $550-700^{\circ}C$ were obtained from the changes in the $CO_2$ photoacoustic signal at early reaction stage. The plot of ln rate vs. 1/T showed linear lines below and above $610^{\circ}C$. Apparent activation energies were determined to be 10.4 kcal/mol in the temperature range of $550-610^{\circ}C$ and 14.6 kcal/mol in the temperature range of $610-700^{\circ}C$. From the initial rates measured at $640^{\circ}C$ under various partial pressures of $CO_2$ and $CH_4$, the reaction orders were determined to be 0.43 with respect to $CO_2$ and 0.33 with respect to $CH_4$. The kinetic results were compared with those reported previously and used to infer a reaction mechanism for the Ni/$La_2O_3$-catalyzed $CO_2-CH_4$ reaction.

A simulation study on synthesis gas process optimization for GTL (Gas-to-Liquid) pilot plant (GTL 합성유 제조용 파일럿 플랜트 최적 운전 변수 도출을 위한 합성가스 공정 시뮬레이션 연구)

  • Kim, Yong Heon;Bae, Ji Han;Park, Myoung Ho
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.74.2-74.2
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    • 2011
  • A simulation study on synthesis gas process in GTL process was carried out in order to find optimum operation conditions for GTL (gas-to-liquid) pilot plant design. Optimum operating conditions for synthesis gas process were determined by changing reaction variables such as feed temperature and pressure. During the simulation, overall synthesis process was assumed to proceed under steady-state conditions. It was also assumed that physical properties of reaction medium were governed by RKS (Redlich-Kwong-Soave) equation. The effect of temperature and pressure on synthesis gas process $H_2$/CO ratio were mainly examined. Simulation results were also compared to experimental results to confirm the reliability of simulation model. Simulation results were reasonably well matched with experimental results.

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Heterogeneous Catalysts Fabricated by Atomic Layer Deposition

  • Kim, Young Dok
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2013.02a
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    • pp.128-128
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    • 2013
  • Fabrication of heterogeneous catalysts using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) has recently been attracting attention of surface chemists and physicists. In this talk, I will present recent results about structures and chemical activities of various catalysts prepared by ALD, particularly focusing on Ni-based catalysts. Ni has been considered as potential catalysts for $CO_2$ reforming of methane (CRM); however, Ni often undergoes rapid decrease in catalytic activity with time, and therefore, application of Ni as catalysts for CRM has been regarded as difficult so far. Deactivation of Ni catalysts during CRM reaction is from either coke formation on Ni surface or sintering of Ni particles during reaction. Two different strategies have been used for enhancing stability of Ni-based catalysts; $TiO_2$ nanoparticles were deposited on micrometer-size Ni particles by ALD, which turned out to reduce coke formation on Ni surfaces. Ni nanoparticles deposited by ALD on mesoporous silica showed high activity and long-term stability from CRM without coke deposition and sintering during CRM reaction. Ni-based catalysts have been also used for oxidation of toluene, which is one of the most notorious gases responsible for sick-building syndrome. It was shown that onset-temperature of Ni catalysts for toluene oxidation is as low as $120^{\circ}C$. At $250\circ}C$, total oxidation of toluene to $CO_2$ with a 100% conversion was found.

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Effect of Boundary Temperature Distributions on the Outlet Gas Composition of the Cylindrical Steam Reformer (원통형 수증기 개질기의 경계 온도 분포에 따른 개질 가스 조성 변화)

  • Kim, Seok;Han, Hun-Sik;Kim, Seo-Young;Hyun, Jae-Min
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.383-391
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    • 2011
  • Numerical simulations have been conducted for the cylindrical steam reformer having various boundary temperature distributions. $CH_4$, $H_2O$, CO, $H_2$ and $CO_2$ are often generated or destroyed by the reactions, namely the Steam Reofrming(SR) reaction, the Water-Gas Shift (WGS) reaction and the Direct Steam Reforming(DSR) reaction. The SR and the DSR reactions are endothermic reactions, and the WGS reaction is an exothermic reaction. The rate of reactions can be slightly controlled by artificially given boundary temperature distributions. Therefore, the component ratio of the gases at the outlet are different for various boundary temperature distributions, namely the constant, cubic and linear distributions. Among these distributions, the linear temperature distribution is outstanding for efficient hydrogen production of the steam reformer.