• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.204-208
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• 2013

CO2 emission makes up more than 80% of whole green gas. Therefore CO2 is recognized as the main culprit of global warming. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) is advising the 3 methods measuring CO2 emission. TIER1 is measured CO2 emission by criteria the energy consumption, TIER2 measure by criteria the emission factor according to the emission control technique each kind of vehicle, TIER3 is measured by criteria the distance each kind of vehicle. Currently, the most of CO2 emission measurement is used by TIER1. But it is not standardized that CO2 emission measurement method have the factor as work condition each distance. Specially, it is not suggest that methodology has the condition changing load of equipment according to site condition and the same position work as construction equipment. So, this study is suggested the CO2 emission measurement methodology of construction equipment.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to consider the effectiveness of continuous $CO_2$ emission monitoring in waste incinerator. To prevent global warming, many countries are trying to reduce $CO_2$, the main greenhouse gas. Currently, Korea is implementing an emission trading scheme to reduce $CO_2$, and waste incinerators are included in this scheme as major $CO_2$ sources. However, when using waste incinerators, $CO_2$ is discharged during incineration of various types of wastes, therefore it is very difficult to calculate the amount of emissions according to IPCC guidelines. In addition, the estimation of $CO_2$ emissions by calculation is known to lack of accuracy comparing with actual emissions. Currently, Korea is operating CleanSYS, which enables continuous measurement of gases emitted into the atmosphere. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the $CO_2$ emissions of waste incineration facilities. The IPCC, which published $CO_2$ emission calculation guidelines, recognizes that direct measurement of emission is a more advanced method in cases of various $CO_2$ emission sources such as a waste incineration facility. Also, Korean emission trading scheme guidelines allow estimation of $CO_2$ emissions by continuous measurement at waste incineration facilities. Therefore, this study considers the effectiveness of a direct measurement method by comparing the results of CleanSYS with the calculation method suggested by the IPCC guidelines.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2003

토양으로부터의 $CO_2$ 방출은 생태계의 탄소 순환에 중요한 위치를 차지한다. 주요 생태계의 순 $CO_2$ 교환과 일차 생산량 등을 정확히 산출하려면 군락 $CO_2$ 플럭스와 더불어 토양 $CO_2$ 플럭스의 관측이 함께 이루어져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 닫힌 역학 챔버 시스템을 활용한 토양 이산화탄소 플럭스의 관측 방법을 간략히 검토하고, 한반도 주요 생태계에 구축된 한국 타워 플럭스 관측 지역망(KoFlux)의 거점 관측소에서 예비 관측된 결과와 서로 다른 관측 시스템간의 상호비교 결과를 보고하고자 한다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2020

Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis equipment, which was previously used to prevent eutrophication in advance, is heavy, bulky, and expensive; therefore, so it is difficult to be carried and has been used as an experimental unit. In this study, a through-carbon analysis chip that integrates pretreatment through photocatalytic oxidation and carbon dioxide measurement using a pH indicator was investigated. Both the total carbon - inorganic carbon method and the nonpurgeable organic carbon (NPOC) measurement method require an acidification part for injecting an acid solution for inorganic carbon measurement and removal, an oxidation part for total carbon or NPOC oxidation and a measurement part for Carbon dioxide (CO₂) measurement. Among them, the measurement of oxidation and CO₂ requires physical technology. The proposed TOC analysis chip decomposed into CO₂ as a result of the oxidizing of organic carbon using a photocatalyst, and the pH indicator that was changed by the generated CO₂ was optically measured. Although the area of the sample of the oxidation part and the pH indicator of the measurement part were distinguished in an enclosed space, CO₂ was quantified by producing an oxidation part and a measurement part that shared the same air in one chip. The proposed TOC analysis chip is less expensive and smaller, cost and size are disadvantages of existing organic carbon analysis equipment, because it does not require a separate carrier gas to transport the CO₂ gas in the oxidation part to the measurement part.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.999-1006
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• 2014

국토해양부에서 2011년 시설물별 탄소배출량 산정가이드라인을 통해 제시한 토공장비의 $CO_2$ 배출계수는 IPCC 탄소배출계수를 활용하여 연료사용량을 기반으로 만들어졌다. 하지만 이 방식은 현장의 다양한 조건을 반영하지 못한다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 이러한 단점을 보완한 새로운 배출계수가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 토공장비를 대상으로 농도-유속측정(C-FVM)을 이용한 직접측정방식으로 $CO_2$ 배출량을 산정하고, 국토해양부에서 제시한 배출계수와 비교분석 후 토공장비의 새로운 $CO_2$ 배출계수를 제시하고자 한다.

• 대기
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2018

In order to monitor greenhouse gases including $CO_2$, various types of surface-, aircraft-, and satellite-based measurement projects have been conducted. These data help understand the variations of greenhouse gases and are used in atmospheric inverse modeling systems to simulate surface fluxes for greenhouse gases. CarbonTracker is a system for estimating surface $CO_2$ flux, using an atmospheric inverse modeling method, based on only surface observation data. Because of the insufficient surface observation data available for accurate estimation of the surface $CO_2$ flux, additional observations would be required. In this study, a system that assimilates aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data in CarbonTracker (CT2013B) is developed, and the estimated results from this data assimilation system are evaluated. The aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data used are obtained from the Comprehensive Observation Network for Trace gases by the Airliner (CONTRAIL) project. The developed system includes the preprocessor of the raw observation data, the observation operator, and the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation process. After preprocessing the raw data, the modeled value corresponding spatially and temporally to each observation is calculated using the observation operator. These modeled values and observations are then averaged in space and time, and used in the EnKF data assimilation process. The modeled values are much closer to the observations and show smaller biases and root-mean-square errors, after the assimilation of the aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data. This system could also be used to assimilate other aircraft $CO_2$ measurement data in CarbonTracker.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2007

Firm which implement knowledge management initiatives have found interest in nurturing voluntary knowledge sharing organizations, called communities of practice(CoP). One of the fundamental problems for adopting or implementing CoP is how the firms can measure the performance of CoP. Despite interest in CoP by firms, empirical studies on CoP performance measurement are rare. Thus, this study intends to help the organizations by introducing CoP performance measurement framework based on the previous researches. The framework is further validated by comparing with the eight actual cases. Finally, we propose three propositions regarding the CoP performance measurement.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 International Symposium on Clean Environment
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• pp.47-50
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• 2003

$CO_2$ concentration profile was measured to investigate whether $CO_2$ concentration at one level (i.e., eddy covariance measurement level) can be used to estimate storage term without significant uncertainty at broadleaf deciduous forest at Kwangneung experiment forest in Korea. Based on t-test with significance level of 5％, there was no statistical difference between storage term from one-level $CO_2$ concentration and one from $CO_2$ profile measurement. Storage term constitutes on average 5％ of half hourly net ecosystem exchange (NEE) even at unstable stability (i.e., well mixed condition), indicating that storage term should be considered even at daytime, which is sometimes neglected.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.315-316
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• 2014

Combustion gases emit various radiation signals by chemical reaction and excited molecules in combustion system. Since temperature measurement of combustion system is very difficult, non-contact temperature measuring methods are being researched. In this paper, we propose optical system of simple structure and implement technique for measuring temperature partially in furnace using radiation wavelength signals of high temperature $CO_2$ gas generated during combustion.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2010

Modification of the phase gradient formulation is proposed in order to make phase retrieval less susceptible to noise. The modified formulation is derived from separation of the phase terms and the intensity modulation terms of interferograms, and subsequent differentiation to reduce the noise-induced error of the phase gradient vector. Its performance is evaluated and compared to that of the conventional formulation, and noise-robust nature is confirmed.