• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.431-443
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• 2013

Sulfur content of diesel fuel has been cut down to under 10 ppm ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) level by environmental regulation with the aim of reducing exhaust emissions. This review discusses the methods and principles of sulfur reduction in diesel and presents an overview of new approaches for ultra-deep desulfurization. The deep HDS (hydrodesulfurization) problems of diesel streams is exacerbated by the inhibiting effect of co-existing aromatics, nitrogen compounds and $H_2S$. The new approaches to deep desulfurization includes non-HDS type processing schemes such as adsorptive, extractive and oxidative desulfurization.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.82-87
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• 2013

In this work, the 1L grade integrated metal DOC/DPF filter that can install in engine manifold position was developed to investigate the effect of platinum-coating amount of filter on the improvement of filter activation temperature and reduction of particulate matter (PM). This filter was installed in 2.9L CI engine which meets the EURO-4 emission regulation. Tests for PM reduction efficiency of filter were conducted under ND-13 mode with full-load test condition. It was revealed that the time to reach the activation temperature of metal filter ($280^{\circ}C$) was shorter as the amount of platinum-coating increased. This short activation time can be helpful for the reduction of CO and HC emissions during cold start condition. At the same time, PM reduced as the coating amount increased. The reduction percentage of $DOC_{40}$, $DOC_{20}$, and $DOC_0$ were 96.7% (2.34 mg/kW'h), 95.1% (3.47 mg/kW'h), and 94.5% (3.69 mg/kW'h) compared to previous result (71.4 mg/kW'h), respectively.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.981-986
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• 2015

As the seriousness of global environment pollution is gaining increasing public attention, research into greenhouse gas emissions of ships is being carried out globally. At a domestic level, however, in a number of significant fields such research has not been conducted to date. This study examined countermeasures for the reduction of $CO_2$ emission in the fields of electronic control engines, trim optimization, propeller polishing, hull cleaning, and anti-fouling paint using an actual sea-going vessel. Selected countermeasures were applied during sea trials of the ship and the effect of specific fuel oil consumption analyzed. It was found that each countermeasure resulted in a decrease of fuel consumption of 1~5%. The energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI) was calculated and found to also be improved by 1~5%. Further research into the EEOI of domestic shipping is planned to enhance conformance with international environmental regulations and improve global competitiveness.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.107-122
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of reducing air pollutant emissions of the ship fuel oil sulfur content regulation policy, which has been gradually introduced for three years. In addition, the emission reduction effect of VSR and AMP was also analyzed. The analysis was conducted on NOx, CO, VOC, SOx, TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, which are provided by EEA, and the spatial scope of the analysis was conducted on Incheon Port, which is located in the metropolitan area of Korea and has a large ripple effect on air pollution. Three scenarios were constructed for analysis. Scenario 1: If there is no policy, Scenario 2: If only fuel oil sulfur content regulation was implemented, Scenario 3: The analysis was conducted by reflecting fuel oil sulfur content regulation, VSR, and AMP. As a result of the analysis, in the case of scenario 1, 4,801 tons, 4,932 tons, and 5,144 tons of air pollutants were emitted during the three-year period. In Scenario 2, 4,219 tons, 4,152 tons, and 3,989 tons were discharged, and in Scenario 3, 4,198 tons, 4,138 tons, and 3,973 tons were discharged. The findings of this study are anticipated to be applied as fundamental research in port air environment management and Incheon Metropolitan City air management.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.71-79
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• 2022

Recently, the construction of tall buildings utilized by high strength-concrete in the whole world is tending to be on the rise. The application of high-rise structural system in buildings results in the excellent cut-down effect in construction materials due to section reduction. Therefore, in order to investigate the CO₂ and resource reduction effect for the high-rise structural system, comparisons of GWP and ADP in embodied energy of structural materlais between 4 type of high-rise structural system have been performed. As a result, GWP emission increased in the order of steel structure outrigger system, RC shear wall system, and RC outrigger system. On the other hand, ADP emissions increased in the order of RC shear wall system, RC outrigger system, and steel structure outrigger system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.106-112
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• 2013

Compression ratio is an important factor affecting engine performance and emission characteristics since thermal efficiency of spark ignition engine can be theoretically improved by increasing compression ratio. In order to evaluate the effect of compression ratio change in HCNG engine, natural gas engine was employed using HCNG30 (CNG 70 vol%, hydrogen 30 vol%). Combustion and emission characteristics of CNG and HCNG fuel was analyzed with respect to the change of compression ratio at each operating condition. The results showed that thermal efficiency improved and $CH_4$, $CO_2$ emission decreased with the increase in compression ratio while $NO_x$ emissions were decreased at a certain excess air ratio condition. Higher thermal efficiency and further reduction of exhaust emissions can be achieved by the increase of compression ratio and the retard of spark timing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.15-23
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• 1999

In recent years, environmental damage to urban area becomes serious problem due to the exhaust emissions by increasing the number of vehicle . Especially, diesel particulate matters(DPM) are hazardous air pollutant s to human health and environment. The reduction technologies of exhaust emissions from diesel engines are improvement of engine combustion, fuel quality and development of diesel exhaust aftertreatment. In this study, a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) that is one of diesel exhaust aftertreatments was made for performance evaluation . It was tested for NA and turbocharged engine by D-13 mode that currently be used for regulation driving test mode in Korea Scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used for the analysis of the particle size distribution with and w/o DOC. As the results , for NA and tubochartged engine, CO, THC, DPM was respectively reduced 85.7, 40.7,3.3% and 79.1, 53.1, 11.6% by DOC. Test results of particle size distribution was showed that particle number is 107 ~108per ㎤ , 2 $\times$105 ~5$\times$105$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ for weight concentration and 100~200nm for particle mean size in diesel engine and there is no effect to reduce the particle concentration by the DOC.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3302-3309
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• 2011

This study showed the reduced greenhouse gas(GHG) emission through GHG inventory establishment and process diagnosis for a response to climatic change. Also, it presented a direction for company's response to climatic change. Ulsan from its industrial complex has many energy-intensive companies such as petrochemistry, automobile and shipbuilding, and as we judged that the systematic reduction of GHG emission would make a considerable reduction of GHG emission in national dimension we executed this study from 10 companies. It showed the high rate of direction GHG emissions by its process that 5 of 10 companies calculated GHG emission and built its inventory. Also, in order to reduce energy and GHG, it produced about 227,554 million won of its economic effect and 50,740 ton/yr of its sparing effect.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.154-161
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• 2009

This study is a part of project of urea-SCR system development for an in-use medium duty diesel engine. This study shows the effect of ammonia oxidation catalyst and SCR volume on $NO_X$ reduction performance. When AOC(Ammonia Oxidation Catalyst) is not used, the urea injection should be controlled accurately to prevent $NH_3$ slip. However, it is found that the accurate $NH_3$ slip control is not easy without AOC in real engine operating conditions, because $NH_3$ and $NO_X$ reaction characteristics change with many factors such as exhaust gas temperature and $NH_3$ absorbance on SCR. SCR volume is also one of important design parameters. This study shows that $NO_X$ reduction efficiency increases with increase of SCR volume especially at high space velocity and low exhaust gas temperature conditions. Additionally, this paper shows the emissions of EURO-2 medium duty diesel engine can be improved to the level of EURO-5 with a DPF and urea-SCR system.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2016

This study mainly focuses on urban regeneration project as a countermeasure to resolve climate change issues by analyzing the carbon-reduction effect of Jeonju test-bed cases. First, an urban regeneration project is designed for city, Jeonju by analyzing its environmental problems and potential improvement. Then, carbon emission and reduction amounts are evaluated for different businesses and scenarios. Carbon emission sources are classified according to a standard suggested by IPCC, and the emissions are calculated by various standard methods. The result shows that carbon emission amount in Jeonju test-bed is 102,149 tCO2eq. The fact that 70% of the emission from energy sector originates from buildings implies that urban regeneration projects can concentrate on building portions to effectively reduce carbon emission. It is also projected carbon emission will decrease by 3,826tCo2eq in 2020 compared to 2011, reduction mainly based on overall population and industry shrinkage. When urban regeneration projects are applied to 5 urban sectors (urban environment, land use, green transportation, low carbon energy, and green buildings) total of 10,628tCO2eq is reduced and 4,857tCO2 (=15.47%) when only applied to the green building sector. Moreover, different carbon reduction scenarios are set up to meet each goal of different sectors. The result shows that scenario A, B, and C each has 5%, 11%, and 15% of carbon reduction, respectively. It is recommended to apply scenario B to achieve 11% reduction goal in a long term. Therefore, this research can be a valuable guideline for planning future urban regeneration projects and relative policies by analyzing the present urban issues and suggesting improvement directions.