• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2013

In this study, a comprehensive model developed to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from urban area with low impact development (LID) and its integrated management practices (IMPs). The model was applied to the actual urban area in Asan Tangjeong district (ATD) as a case study. A rainwater tank (1200 ton) among various LID IMPs generated the highest amount of GHG emissions ($3.77{\times}10^5kgCO_2eq$) and led to the utmost reducing effect ($1.49{\times}10^3kgCO_2eq/year$). In the urban area with LID IMPs, annually $1.95{\times}104kgCO_2eq$ of avoided GHG emissions were generated by a reducing effect (e.g., tap water substitution and vegetation $CO_2$ absorption) for a payback period of 162 years. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the significance of the factors on the overall GHG emissions in ATD, and suggested to plant alternative vegetation on LID IMPs.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2009

Land Use Changes (LUCs) have effects on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon stocks in soil and vegetation. Therefore, predictions for LUC are very important for achieving quantitative targets of $CO_2$ reduction rates. Some research exists on carbon fluxes and carbon cycles to estimate carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems in Korea. However, these researches have limitations in terms of helping us understand future potential reductions of $CO_2$ that reflect the influence of LUC. The aim of this study is to analyze the reduction levels of $CO_2$ emissions while considering LUC scenarios that effect carbon fluxes for LCS basic study in the year 2030. In this study, a common approach to model the effects of LUC on carbon stocks is the use of CA-Markov technical process with LUC patterns in the past. Potential reduction of $CO_2$ is calculated by change of land use that contains different soil organic carbon, each land use type, and biomass in vegetation. An IPCC analytical method of natural carbon sink and coefficient results from previous study in Korea is used as a calculation method for potential reduction of $CO_2$. As a result, 12,419 KtC will be reduced annually, which is 8.3% percent of 2005 $CO_2$ emissions in Korea. This will result in 3,226 hundred million won of economic efficiency. In conclusion, conservation of natural carbon sinks is necessary even if the amount of potential reduction change is little.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

Purpose - The study investigates the influence of tourism and hospitality industry on economic growth and CO2 emissions. Research design, data, and methodology - In the empirical analysis, unit root tests, cointegration test and vector error correction model regression using time series data of South Korea from the first quarter of 1970 to the third quarter of 2010 are performed to examine the long-run equilibrium relationship and short-run dynamics among the tourism and hospitality industry, CO2 emissions, economic growth and other industry sectors. Results - Results indicate that a long-run equilibrium relationship exists among these variables. Furthermore, the tourism and hospitality industry and CO2 emissions have high significant positive effect on economic growth. The tourism and hospitality industry in Korea, in turns, shows a high significant positive impact on economic growth while the industry sector incursa high significant negative impact on CO2 emissions. Conclusions - The tourism and hospitality industry in Korea may havebeen prompted by several factors such as accelerated process of technological innovation or energy and environmental policies. These findings suggest that the effectively managed tourism and hospitality sector in Korea has resulted in both economic growth and a reduction in CO2 emissions.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.358-370
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• 2023

Composting has been proposed for the management of organic waste, and the resulting products can be used as soil amendments and fertilizer. However, the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O produced in composting are of considerable concern. Hence, various additives have been developed and adopted to control the emissions of GHGs. This review presents the different additives used during composting and summarizes the effects of additives on GHGs during composting. Thirty-four studies were reviewed, and their results showed that the additives can reduce cumulative CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O emission by 10.5%, 39.0%, and 28.6%, respectively, during composting. Especially, physical additives (e.g., biochar and zeolite) have a greater effect on mitigating N₂O emissions during composting than do chemical additives (e.g., phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide). In addition, superphosphate had a high CO₂ reduction effect, whereas biochar and dicyandiamide had a high N₂O reduction effect. This implies that the addition of superphosphate, biochar, and dicyandiamide during composting can contribute to mitigating GHG emissions. Further research is needed to find novel additives that can effectively reduce GHG emissions during composting.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.299-323
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• 2021

본 연구는 1990년부터 2016년까지 한국의 정보통신기술(ICT), 무역 개방성, 금융 발전, 경제성장이 CO₂ 배출량에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 변수의 공적분관계는 Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)공적분 검증을 통해 확인되었다. 장기적으로 경제성장과 CO₂ 배출 간에는 연관관계가 확인되었지만, ICT를 비롯한 다른 요인은 장기적으로 CO₂ 배출량과의 연관관계를 확인하지 못하였다. 한편, 단기적으로 경제성장, ICT는 CO₂ 배출량을 증가시켰으며, 금융발전은 CO₂ 배출량 감소를 가져왔다. 무역개방성은 장기와 마찬가지로 단기에도 CO₂ 배출량에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 특히 ICT는 장기뿐만 아니라 단기적으로도 CO₂ 배출량 감소에 기여하지 못하였다. ICT를 통한 CO₂ 감축을 유도하기 위해서는 ICT를 활용하여 효율적으로 에너지를 절약할 수 있는 기술의 개발과 보급이 더욱 촉진되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2015

The main purpose of this paper is to suggest opportunities for reducing $CO_2$ emission in energy conversion of a vehicle, focused on auxiliary energy improvement in the automotive field. As part of worldwide efforts to curb global warming and to protect the domestic industry as trade barriers, many countries have set goals to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. As an example, new $CO_2$ emission regulation in EU was expected to go into effect strictly in 2020. Therefore, global car-makers need to establish strategic responsiveness of the regulations. This paper shows $CO_2$ economic value by using the correct interpretation of the relevant laws and regulations. The $CO_2$ value analyzed using quantitative figures leads to the possibility of auxiliary(accessories, HVAC, electric apparatus etc.) technology for improving fuel economy. As a result, this study generalizes the meaning of electric power saving for each driving mode by auxiliary energy improvement.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2014

This study is to identify quantitatively the function of carbon dioxide emissions reduction due to temperature and energy reduction according to direct carbon dioxide storage, shade provision, and evaportanspiration of urban park. According to the result of study, landscape tree indicated high carbon dioxide storage effect compare to bush, in which broadleaf tree indicated higher storage function than coniferous tree. It is believed to be the storage of carbon dioxide can be increased by increasing the composition rate of forest plants in the urban park. According to the direct estimation result of carbon dioxide storage in terms of example area, storage of carbon dioxide is estimated to be "seoul a zone" $476,818.8kg{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "anyang b zone" $186,435.7{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "daejeon c zone" $262,826{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "kwangju d zone" $231,657.8{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$. The carbon dioxide storage per unit area estimated to be "seoul a zone" $3.4{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "anyang b zone" $5.0{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "daejeon c zone" $2.6{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "kwangju d zone" $5.6{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$. The result of indirect carbon dioxide reduction effect estimated to be "seoul a zone" $291,603.4{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "anyang b zone" $165,462.4{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "daejeon c zone" $141,719.2{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$, "kwangju d zone" $154,803.4{\cdot}CO_2/m^2yr$. Carbon dioxide reduction potential amount through the urban park was increased to 1.6 times to 1.8 times when calculated to the indirect effect.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2018

Creating Shared Value (CSV) is a new business paradigm in which enterprises benefit from social works. The goal of this study is to assess greenhouse gas emission reduction through CSV-related activities of Yuhan-Kimberly (YK) Company. YK Company has planted over 50 million trees between 1984 and 2016 as a part of CSV activities. Through planting of trees, annual $CO_2 $ emission reduction ranged from 196.2 thousand to $336.3\;thousand\;tCO_2-eq$ depending on forest type in 2016, representing 44 million to 84 million KRW. Those results indicate that the company can contribute to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions as well as obtain economic profits through CSV-related activities. Furthermore, this study provides motives for other companies interested in similar CSV projects.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.123-138
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• 2017

본 연구는 교토의정서 Annex B 국가들의 $CO_2$ 배출량 변화를 분석하였다. Quandt-Andrews 검정을 이용하여 $CO_2$ 배출량의 구조변화 시점을 우선적으로 파악하여 그 시점을 기준으로 $CO_2$ 배출요인의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. Quandt-Andrews 검정 결과 교토의정서 발효 3년 후인 2008년 $CO_2$ 배출량의 구조변화가 확인되었다. 에너지 소비량의 1% 증가가 구조변화 이전에는 1%의 소득 증가를 가져왔으며, 그 이후에는 0.31%의 소득 증가를 가져온 것으로 나타났으며, 분석기간 중 분석대상국의 $CO_2$ 배출량은 소득에 대해 단조 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 신재생에너지 소비량의 증가는 구조변화 시점을 전후로 $CO_2$ 배출량을 각각 0.1%와 0.09% 감소시킨 것으로 나타났다. 구조변화 시점 이후 에너지 효율성의 상대적으로 감소와 소득 증가에 따른 $CO_2$ 배출량의 지속적 증가, 신재생에너지 정책 효과의 미미함 등으로 미루어 볼 때, 교토의정서의 발효가 Annex B 국가들의 온실가스 감축을 가져왔다고 판단하기 어려운 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.554-564
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• 2002

A newly designed combustion chamber of diesel engine with a modified piston crown was prepared for the purpose of investigation for reduction of NO emission. It was intended to realize 2-stage combustion that is to keep fuel rich condition during early stage of combustion and fuel lean condition during next stage. The engine was tested on various conditions concerning exhaust gas emissions especially about NO emission and simultaneously fuel consumption rate. It was found that the engine with 2-stage combustion type piston emits significantly low NO at various speed and torque compared with conventional engines, but it raised points at issue in CO and smoke emissions with fuel consumption rate. The increasing of injection pressure on 2 stage combustion type diesel engine affects on CO and smoke emission considerably to reduce but slightly on NO to increase. The effect of 2-stage combustion was better at low speed than at high speed.