• Title/Summary/Keyword: $CO_2$배출비용

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Evaluation Method of Green Construction Technologies Using Integrated LCC and LCA Analysis (LCC-LCA 통합 분석에 의한 친환경 건설기술 평가방법)

  • Kim, Yoon-Duk;Cha, Hee-Sung;Kim, Kyung-Ra;Shin, Dong-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.91-100
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    • 2011
  • Green technologies of buildings are spreading for saving resource and energy consumption during life cycle of buildings. However, selection of optimized the technologies for applying projects is needed a lot of time and costs. Therefore prioritization is necessary to apply the technologies for buildings. An evaluation of economic value for the technologies is significant for prioritization of the technologies, however, the current evaluation system of economic value for technologies is not reflected the accurate features of the technologies. Green technologies have the objectives for reducing the emission of CO2 and saving the cost during the whole lifecycle of buildings. Thus the evaluation of economic feasibility for green technologies is needed to include the economic value from improving the environment. This paper developed the economic evaluation method integrated with LCC and LCA to accurately analyze the economic value for green technologies. Moreover, this paper drew the priority of the technologies by conducting case studies with the integrated method and analyzing the results with AHP. The conclusion of case studies, Green technologies is worth more if to include the economic value from improving the environment. Then in analysis of priority, Green intelligent component technologies were rated the highest. The conclusion of the study is able to utilize the supporting tool for making decision to select the optimized technologies for the projects and precedence study for developing future research of prioritization for green technologies. The future study for improving the developed method will supplement the various evaluation factors and apply the detailed weight to analyze the priority of green technologies.

Study on the Gas Separation of Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) Membrane for Recovering the Perfluorocompound Gases from the Electronics Industry (전자산업 배출 불화가스 회수를 위한 탄소분자체 분리막의 기체분리 연구)

  • Jeong, Su Jung;Lim, Joo Hwan;Han, Sang Hoon;Koh, Hyung Chul;Ha, Seong Yong
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.220-228
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    • 2016
  • Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by carbonizing a polyimide precursor manufactured by non-solvent induced phase separation process. Gas separation performance of CMS hollow fiber membrane was investigated on the effect of three carbonization conditions. CMS membrane with the highest gas separation performance was obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of $250-450^{\circ}C$: $N_2$, $SF_6$, and $CF_4$ permeance were 20, 0.32, 0.48 GPU, respectively, and $N_2/SF_6$ and $N_2/CF_4$ selectivities were 62 and 42, respectively. In the $SF_6/CF_4/N_2$ mixture gas test, when the stage cut was 0.2, the recovery ratio of $SF_6$ and $CF_4$ was over 99% and 98%. $SF_6$ concentration ratio was 4.5 times higher than the $SF_6$ concentration at the feed side. From the results, it was concluded that CMS membrane was one of the promising membranes for recovery Perfluorocompound gases process.

A Study on Renewable Energy Policy and Sustainable Development Strategy: German Model and Implication (재생에너지정책과 지속가능발전전략에 관한 연구: 독일모델과 시사점)

  • Park, Sang-Chul
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.61-87
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    • 2016
  • Germany has carried out its environment friendly energy policy to prevent $CO_2$ emission that affects directly to the global warming phenomenon. Based on this direction, it has performed a sustainable development strategy through the R & D activities in environment and energy technologies. Accordingly, the core elements of German energy and sustainable development policies are renewable energy, ecological energy tax, and emission trading system. In particular, Germany has supported to develop renewable energy resources that prevents from consuming fossil energy resources. At the same time, it has set the ecological energy tax and initiated the emission trading system in order to support the renewable energy policy continuously. This paper analyze whether or not it is possible to generate an economic growth and a sustainable development while using renewable energy resources based on the renewable energy policy that minimize the negative effects on the environment. For that, the paper adopts Germany as a model country. In fact, it is possible to achieve the economic growth and the sustainable development if a nation can substitute increasing energy consumption for the economic growth to renewable energy resources that does not affect to the environment negatively. This model is the German energy policy and sustainable development strategy, and it is the purpose of the paper to prove it logically.

Thermoeconomic Analysis of Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System Driven by District Heating (지역난방에 연계된 하이브리드 제습냉방시스템의 경제성 분석)

  • Ahn, Joon;Kim, Jaeyool;Kang, Byung Ha
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.38 no.9
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    • pp.721-729
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    • 2014
  • A hybrid desiccant cooling system (HDCS) that uses a heat pump driven by district heating instead of a sensible rotor can provide an increased energy efficiency in summer. In this paper, the summer operation costs and initial costs of both the HDCS and traditional systems are analyzed using annual equal payments, and national benefits are found from using the HDCS instead of traditional systems. In the analysis results, the HDCS reduces the operation cost by 30 compared to the traditional systems, and each HDCS unit has 0.079 TOE per year of primary energy savings and 0.835 $TCO_2$ per year of $CO_2$ emission reduction more than the traditional systems. If HDCSs were to be installed in 680,000 households by 2020, this would produce a replacement power effect of 463 MW. Despite this savings effect, HDCSs require a government subsidy before they can be supplied because the initial cost is higher than that of traditional systems. Thus, this paper calculates suitable subsidies and suggests a supply method for HDCSs considering the national benefits.

A Study on the Direct connection Service Effectiveness in Gyeongbu(KTX) (경부선(KTX) 직결운행 도입 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ik-Hui;Kim, Yeong-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.91-100
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    • 2007
  • This study suggests direct connection service which has advantage of high-speed operation of KTX and access convenience of general train, and Pre-feasibility studies on the direct connection service. And analyze transportation demand change by the method as follows; It is to analyze the demand change of before and after KTX operation by previous transport data of Gyeongbu line, and calculate the coefficient of utilization using triggering demand by opening the 2nd phase of Gyeongbu line (Dongdaegu${\sim}$Busan). Through Pre-feasibility analysis, reduction $70{\sim}100$ minutes of train travel time and total revenue will increase about $100 thousand per day. Also, there will be environment-friendly effects of decreasing $CO_2$ emissions. But, Direct connection service need to highly cost ; Buying and Operation cost of KTX train. Therefore, we will be get more correct result of Pre-feasibility study on direct connection service, if there are concrete on buying the KTX action plans.

Optimal Design of Cogeneration System for General Facilities Considering LCC Analysis (LCC 분석을 고려한 일반 시설물에서 소형열병합발전의 최적 설계)

  • Kang, Yul-Ho;Ku, Bon-Cheol;Hwang, Yu-Jin;Song, Jae-Do;Cheong, Seong-Ir;Lee, Jae-Keun
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.21 no.8
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    • pp.439-447
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    • 2009
  • Cogeneration system produces power as well as heat recovered from waste heat during power generation process. This system has higher energy efficiency than that of the power plant. In this study the optimal design for the cogeneration system with the increase of the capacity considering life cycle cost(LCC) analysis has been performed in the general facilities such as hotels and hospitals under the assumption of electricity cost of 95 won/kWh, the initial cost of cogeneration system of 1,500,000 won!kW and the value of 0.5${\sim}$1.0 in the ratio of heat to power. The optimal ratio of cogeneration capacity divided by average electricity load of facility was found out more than 0.5 in case of electricity cost with the increase of>30%, and the percentage of $CO_2$ reduction was about 9%. The most important factors in the economic analysis of cogeneration system was found out the electrity cost and the initial cost of cogeneration system. Also the ratio of heat to power at the value of>0.5 was not affected in the economy of cogeneration system, but was very important in the $CO_2$ reduction.

A Study on the Effectiveness of Intelligent Transport Systems on National Highways (국도상의 지능형교통시스템의 효과성 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Sung-Han;Kim, Hyun-Suk;Heo, Tae-Young
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.205-212
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    • 2009
  • Intelligent Transport Systems(ITS) has been currently growing attention in industry as hightech traffic system and ITS infrastructure has been built not only on expressway but also on national highways. Although the effect of ITS installation on national highways is not easy to measure with quantitative methodology, it is necessary to develop the quantitative method to verify the effect accurate analysis of ITS effect. In this study, the analysis of cost efficiency of ITS project carried out by Iksan Regional Constriction Management Administration(IRCMA) was conducted. Analysis period and discount rate were assumed as 10 years and 5.5%, respectively. Several measures of the effect including reduction of travel time, CO2 discharged and fuel and the value of Variable Message Sign(VMS) information were proposed. Concludingly, ITS project implemented by IRCMA appeared to be cost effective, indicating 1.20 of B/C ratio, 12.4% of IRR and W1.48 billion of NPV.

A Study on the Export Performance Factors of Korean Steel Products to the EU and the Expected Changes in Exports Following the Implementation of CBAM (한국 철강 제품의 EU 수출 성과 요인과 CBAM에 따른 수출 변화 예상에 관한 연구)

  • Jai-Heon Leem;Yoon-Say Jung
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.209-232
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to estimate the export performance factors of Korean Steel Products to the EU and the expected changes in exports according to the CBAM(Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism). the factors influencing the export performance of Korean Steel Products to the EU were analyzed using a Gravity Model, and the expected export amount in the case of a Carbon Tax was calculated assuming that the CBAM would be implemented in 2026, As a result, it was empirically analyzed that economic growth, population growth, exchange rate and manufacturing production index of each EU country have a positive effect on exports in Korea, and it was analyzed that the effects of the single market and system due to the EU's economic community were also helpful in increasing exports but the Carbon Tax is imposed in 2026, reducing Korea's steel exports by about -3.6% to -5.7%

Applied Technologies and Effects for the Carbon Zero Office Building (업무용 탄소제로건물의 적용기술 및 효과)

  • Lee, Jae-Bum;Hong, Sung-Chul;Beak, Name-Choon;Choi, Jin-Young;Hong, You-Deog;Lee, Suk-Jo;Lee, Dong-won
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.283-295
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    • 2011
  • Many actions against climate change have been taken to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions at home and abroad. As of 2007, the GHGs emitted from buildings accounted for about 23 % of Korea's total GHGs emission, which is the second largest GHG reduction potential following industry. In this study, we introduced Carbon Zero Building (CZB), which was constructed by the National Institute of Environmental Research to cut down GHGs from buildings in Korea, and evaluated the main applied technologies, the amount of energy load and reduced energy, and economic values for CZB to provide data that could be a basis in the future construction of this kind of carbon-neutral buildings. A total of 66 technologies were applied for this building in order to achieve carbon zero emissions. Applied technologies include 30 energy consumption reduction technologies, 18 energy efficiency technologies, and 5 eco-friendly technologies. Out of total annual energy load ($123.8kWh/m^2$), about 40% of energy load ($49kWh/m^2$) was reduced by using passive technologies such as super insulation and use of high efficiency equipments and the other 60% ($74.8kWh/m^2$) was reduced by using active technologies such as solar voltaic, solar thermal, and geothermal energy. The construction cost of CZB was 1.4 times higher than ordinary buildings. However, if active technologies are excluded, the construction cost is similar to that of ordinary buildings. It was estimated that we could save annually about 102 million won directly from energy saving and about 2.2 million won indirectly from additional saving by the reduction in GHGs and atmospheric pollutants. In terms of carbon, we could reduce 100 ton of $CO_2$ emissions per year. In our Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis, the Break Even Point (BEP) for the additional construction cost was estimated to be around 20.6 years.

Optimization of Microalgae-Based Biodiesel Supply Chain Network Under the Uncertainty in Supplying Carbon Dioxide (이산화탄소 원료 공급의 불확실성을 고려한 미세조류 기반 바이오 디젤 공급 네트워크 최적화)

  • Ahn, Yuchan;Kim, Junghwan;Han, Jeehoon
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.58 no.3
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    • pp.396-407
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    • 2020
  • As fossil fuels are depleted worldwide, alternative resources is required to replace fossil fuels, and biofuels are in the spotlight as alternative resources. Biofuels are produced from biomass, which is a renewable resource to produce biofuels or bio-chemicals. Especially, in order to substitute fossil fuels, the research focusing the biofuel (biodiesel) production based on CO2 and biomass achieves more attention recently. To produce biomass-based biodiesel, the development of a supply chain network is required considering the amounts of feedstocks (ex, CO2 and water) required producing biodiesel, potential locations and capacities of bio-refineries, and transportations of biodiesel produced at biorefineries to demand cities. Although many studies of the biomass-based biodiesel supply chain network are performed, there are few types of research handled the uncertainty in CO2 supply which influences the optimal strategies of microalgae-based biodiesel production. Because CO2, which is used in the production of microalgae-based biodiesel as one of important resources, is captured from the off-gases emitted in power plants, the uncertainty in CO2 supply from power plants has big impacts on the optimal configuration of the biodiesel supply chain network. Therefore, in this study, to handle those issues, we develop the two-stage stochastic model to determine the optimal strategies of the biodiesel supply chain network considering the uncertainty in CO2 supply. The goal of the proposed model is to minimize the expected total cost of the biodiesel supply chain network considering the uncertain CO2 supply as well as satisfy diesel demands at each city. This model conducted a case study satisfying 10% diesel demand in the Republic of Korea. The overall cost of the stochastic model (US$ 12.9/gallon·y) is slightly higher (23%) than that of the deterministic model (US$ 10.5/gallon·y). Fluctuations in CO2 supply (stochastic model) had a significant impact on the optimal strategies of the biodiesel supply network.