• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.547-551
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• 2013

We recently reported a Philyra pisum lectin (PPL) that exerts mitogenic effects on human lymphocytes, and its molecular characterization. The present study provides a more detailed characterization of PPL based on the results from a monosaccharide analysis indicating that PPL is a glycoprotein, and circular dichroism spectra revealing its estimated ${\alpha}$-helix, ${\beta}$-sheet, ${\beta}$-turn, and random coil contents to be 14.0%, 39.6%, 15.8%, and 30.6%, respectively. These contents are quite similar to those of deglycosylated PPL, indicating that glycans do not affect its intact structure. The binding properties to different pathogen-associated molecular patterns were investigated with hemagglutination inhibition assays using lipoteichoic acid from Gram-positive bacteria, lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, and both mannan and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan from fungi. PPL binds to lipoteichoic acids and mannan, but not to lipopolysaccharides or ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan. PPL exerted no significant antiproliferative effects against human breast or bladder cancer cells. These results indicate that PPL is a glycoprotein with a lipoteichoic acid or mannan-binding specificity and which contains low and high proportions of ${\alpha}$-helix and ${\beta}$-structures, respectively. These properties are inherent to the innate immune system of P. pisum and indicate that PPL could be involved in signal transmission into Gram-positive bacteria or fungi.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2006

In this study, the cDNA of a new peptide from the venom of the scorpion, Buthotus saulcyi, was cloned and sequenced. It codes for a 64 residues peptide (Bsaul1) which shares high sequence similarity with depressant insect toxins of scorpions. The differences between them mainly appear in the loop1 which connects the $\beta$-strand1 to the $\alpha$-helix and seems to be functionally important in long chain scorpion neurotoxins. This loop is three amino acids longer in Bsaul1 compared to other depressant toxins. A comparative amino acid sequence analysis done on Bsaul1 and some of $\alpha$-, $\beta$-, excitatory and depressant toxins of scorpions showed that Bsaul1 contains all the residues which are highly conserved among long chain scorpion neurotoxins. Structural model of Bsaul1 was generated using Ts1 (a $\beta$-toxin that competes with the depressant insect toxins for binding to $Na^+$ channels) as template. According to the molecular model of Bsaul1, the folding of the polypeptide chain is being composed of an anti-parallel three-stranded $\beta$-sheet and a stretch of $\alpha$-helix, tightly bound by a set of four disulfide bridges. A striking similarity in the spatial arrangement of some critical residues was shown by superposition of the backbone conformation of Bsaul1 and Ts1.

• 식물병연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2007

2007년 5월 전북 전주의 식물원에서 판매중인 아이비에서 줄기 하부가 검게 썩으며 급격히 말라죽는 증상으로부터 병원균을 분리 동정한 결과 Phytophthora cinnamomi로 동정되었다. 병원균의 형태적 특성은 비 돌출형의 탈락성이 없는 계란형, 장타원형 혹은 서양배형의 유주자낭을 형성하였고, 크기는 평균 $33.8{\times}16{\mu}m$였고, 구형의 후막포자를 다량 형성하였으며, 크기는 평균 직경이 $19.7{\mu}m$였다. 유성생식형은 자웅이주로 A1 mating type이 관찰되었고 난포자의 크기는 직경이 $26.2{\mu}m$였다. 균사의 생육적온은 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$였다. 이상과 같이 국내 최초의 P. cinnamomi에 의한 아이비줄기썩음병의 발생을 보고하는 바이다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2008

2007년 7월 전북 전주의 식물원에서 판매중인 아이비에서 줄기와 잎이 갈색으로 썩으며 급격히 말라죽는 증상으로부터 병원균을 분리 동정한 결과 Phytophthora nicotianae로 동정되었다. 병원균의 형태적 특성은 유두돌기가 있고 탈락성이 없는 난형의 유주자낭을 형성하였고, 크기는 평균 $35.4{\times}25.2{\mu}m$었고, 구형의 후막포자를 다량 형성하였으며, 크기는 평균 직경이 28.5 ${\mu}m$였다. 유성생식형은 자웅이주로 A1 mating type이 관찰되었고 난포자의 크기는 평균 직경이 23.3 ${\mu}m$였다. 균사의 생육적온은 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$였다. P. nicotianae에 의한 아이비줄기썩음병의 발생은 국내에서는 처음이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.276-287
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• 2017

RcsA is a positive activator of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis in the Enterobacteriaceae. The rcsA gene of the soft rot pathogen Pantoea sp. strain PPE7 in Pleurotus eryngii was cloned by PCR amplification, and its role in EPS synthesis and virulence was investigated. The RcsA protein contains 3 highly conserved domains, and the C-terminal end of the open reading frame shared significant amino acid homology to the helix-turn-helix DNA binding motif of bacterial activator proteins. The inactivation of rcsA by insertional mutagenesis created mutants that had decreased production of EPS compared to the wild-type strain and abolished the virulence of Pantoea sp. strain PPE7 in P. eryngii. The Pantoea sp. strain PPE7 rcsA gene was shown to strongly affect the formation of the disease symptoms of a mushroom pathogen and to act as the virulence factor to cause soft rot disease in P. eryngii.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2007

In this paper, we study the position vectors of a spacelike W-curve (or a helix), i.e., curve with constant curvatures, with spacelike, timelike and null principal normal in the Minkowski 3-space $\mathbb{E}_1^3$. We give some characterizations for spacelike W - curves whose image lies on the pseudohyperbolical space $\mathbb{H}_0^2$ and Lorentzian sphere $\mathbb{S}_1^2$ by using the positions vectors of the curve.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1485-1489
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• 2007

Achaete-scute like 2 (ASCL2) gene encodes a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor which is essential for the maintenance of proliferating trophoblasts during placental development. ASCL2 gene preferentially expresses the maternal allele in the mouse. However, it escapes genomic imprinting in the human. In this study, the complete open reading frame consisting of 193 amino acids of ASCL2 gene was obtained. Sequence analysis indicated that a C-G mutation existed in the 3' region between Meishan and Large White pigs. The polymorphism was used to determine the monoallelic or biallelic expression with RT-PCR-RFLP in pigs of Large $White{\times}Meishan$ $F_1$ hybrids. Imprinting analysis indicated that the ASCL2 gene expression was biallelic in all the tested tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, fat, uterus, ovary and pituitary). PCR-RFLP was used to detect the polymorphism in 270 pigs of the "$Large\;White{\times}Meishan$" $F_2$ resource population. The statistical results showed highly significant associations of the genotypes and fat meat percentage (FMP), lean meat percentage (LMP) and ratio of lean to fat (RLF) (p<0.01), and significant associations of the genotypes and loin eye area (LEA) and internal fat rate (IFR) (p<0.05).

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.603-616
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• 2017

In this paper, we give some relations related with a spacelike principal-direction curve and a spacelike binormal-direction curve of a timelike Frenet curve. The Darboux-direction curve and the Darboux-rectifying curve of a timelike Frenet curve in Minkowski 3-space $E^3_1$ are introduced and some characterizations related with these associated curves are given. Later we define the spacelike V-direction curve which is associated with a timelike curve lying on a timelike oriented surface in $E^3_1$ and present some results together with the relationships between the curvatures of this associated curve.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.817-827
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• 2021

In this paper, we prove that a diffeomorphism f on a normal almost contact 3-manifold M is a CRL-transformation if and only if M is an α-Sasakian manifold. Moreover, we show that a CR-loxodrome in an α-Sasakian 3-manifold is a pseudo-Hermitian magnetic curve with a strength $q={\tilde{r}}{\eta}({\gamma}^{\prime})=(r+{\alpha}-t){\eta}({\gamma}^{\prime})$ for constant 𝜂(𝛄'). A non-geodesic CR-loxodrome is a non-Legendre slant helix. Next, we prove that let M be an α-Sasakian 3-manifold such that (∇_YS)X = 0 for vector fields Y to be orthogonal to ξ, then the Ricci tensor 𝜌 satisfies 𝜌 = 2α²g. Moreover, using the CRL-transformation $\tilde{\nabla}^t$ we fine the pseudo-Hermitian curvature $\tilde{R}$, the pseudo-Ricci tensor $\tilde{\rho}$ and the torsion tensor field $\tilde{T}^t(\tilde{S}X,Y)$.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.460-467
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• 2009

본 연구는 실내에 식물을 보다 효율적으로 도입하고자 수경재배 시 첨가매질(게르마늄, 맥반석)이 관엽식물의 생장과 잎의 무기성분, 뿌리활력에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 싱고니움(Syngonium podophyllum), 드라세나 산데리아나(Dracaena sanderiana), 스킨답서스(Epipremnum aureum) 및 아이비(Hedera helix)를 식물재료로 사용하였으며 토양(혼합된 상토: Sunshine Mix No. 2, USA), 수돗물, 수돗물에 게르마늄(300g), 수돗물에 맥반석(300g)을 첨가하여 정식하였다. 첨가매질에 따른 생육변화는 싱고니움의 경우 수돗물만 처리한 구에서 가장 저조하였고 게르마늄 첨가구에서 생육이 가장 좋았으며, 드라세나 산데리아나는 처리구에 따른 생장의 차이가 거의 없는 반면, 스킨답서스와 아이비의 생장도 게르마늄 첨가구에서 가장 좋았다. 특히 뿌리의 생장에서 커다란 차이를 보였는데 근장, 근수 및 근중이 게르마늄 첨가구에서 가장 좋았다. 뿌리활력은 10일 간격으로 분석하였는데 작물마다 처리구에 따라서 변화가 있었는데 싱고니움의 경우 10일째는 3처리구 다 뿌리활력이 낮아졌으나 차츰 좋아져 30일과 50일째에는 맥반석 첨가구에서 가장 좋았다. 드라세나의 경우 10일째부터 40일째까지 게르마늄 첨가구에서 가장 좋았으나 50일째부터 뿌리활력이 나빠졌다. 그러나 60일 후에는 처리구간 큰 차이가 없었다. 식물체 잎의 무기성분 분석 결과, 게르마늄의 Ca과 Mg 함량이 맥반석 보다 높았지만 잎의 무기성분 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 스킨답서스와 아이비는 배지재배보다 수경재배에서 생장이 좋았고, 수경재배시 수돗물에 게르마늄을 첨가하였을 때 생육이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.