• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 1994

For a $2 \times 2$ factorial design without the restriction of a linear model or without regard to error terms having homoscedasticity, under the null hypothesis of no interaction we can have the rank transformed F statistic for interaction converge in distribution to a chi-squared random variable with one degree of random if and only if there is only main effect.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2011

블럭이 존재하는 $2{\times}2$ 요인모형의 주 효과 및 상호작용효과를 검정하기 위한 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 블럭크기, 효과들의 구성방법 및 지수분포, 이중지수분포, 정규분포, 균일 분포를 포함한 모든 모집단 분포하에서 모수적 통계량의 검정력보다 월등한 우위를 보인다. 이는 블럭이 추가된 요인 모형은 블럭과 요인의 상호작용들이 오차항을 증가시켜 모수적 통계량의 검정력을 감소시키는 보수적 성향을 보이나, 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 상대적 우위를 유지함에 기인한다고 유추할 수 있다. 일반적으로 블럭크기가 작고, 효과크기가 클수록 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 모수적 통계량의 검정력보다 상당히 큰 격차의 상대적 우위를 보임을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1195-1205
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• 2014

반복이 존재하는 $4{\times}4$ 라틴방격모형 내 $2{\times}2$ 요인모형의 주효과 및 상호작용효과를 검정하기 위한 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 단일모형에 비하여 효과크기 및 반복크기가 커질수록 빠르게 증가한다. 일반적으로 다양한 효과구성 및 모든 오차항 분포와 상관없이 검정하고자 하는 요인 이외의 효과가 존재하는 요인 수가 적고 효과크기가 작을수록 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 뛰어나다. 특히 오차항이 지수분포 및 이중지수분포일 때 순위변환 통계량의 검정력은 모수적 통계량의 검정력보다 상대적으로 높은 비교우위를 보이며, 정규분포 및 균일분포에서는 전반적으로 별다른 차이가 없다. 이는 두개의 주효과, 한개의 상호작용효과 및 두개의 블럭효과 등의 다섯 가지 효과가 동시에 존재하는 다인자로 구성된 라틴방격과 요인모형의 결합형태의 특이성으로 인한 결과이다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1985년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.16-16
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• 1985

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2018

This research was conducted to elucidate the optimum conditions for the antibacterial activity of konjak jelly using the evolutionary operation-factorial design technique. In the first set of experiments, concentration of a coagulation agent, soaking liquid, and temperature of water were set to 0.4%, $0.6{\times}10^{-2}N$, and $65^{\circ}C$ as a central point, respectively. The highest antibacterial activity was acquired at E21, in which the number of bacteria was 1.25 log cfu/g. Because the code of changes in the main effect was (-), it could be decided that the central point of the first set was not the optimum point. Although antibacterial activity in the second set was improved, the values of the main effect were higher than that of changes in the mean effect. The central point of third set was concentration of coagulation agent 0.8%, concentration of soaking liquid $1.0{\times}10^{-2}N$, and temperature of water $65^{\circ}C$. It was found that the antibacterial activity of central point in the third set was highest among all the tested set. Further, all the necessary conditions were appropriate to reach the optimum condition. The antibacterial activity of the central point in third set was more than 1,000 times higher than that of E11, in first set.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.784-804
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• 2015

This study investigates the effects of a two-sided message on product attitude and purchase intention by using a message structure variable, such as attribute importance in the context of online consumer reviews (OCRs). Study 1 explains the previous inconsistent results of a two-side message by comparing a one-side message and a two-side message by using the attribute importance in negative reviews. Study 2 determines the reasons for the inconsistent results of a refutational two-sided message research by using the attribute importance in negative reviews and website trust. Two experiments are designed to test our hypotheses. The first experiment is a $2{\times}2$ factorial design with 84 participants. The second experiment uses a $2{\times}2{\times}2$ factorial design with 196 participants. In study 1, two-sided OCRs are more credible than one-sided OCRs, and two-sided OCRs that use low important attributes are more effective in making favorable product attitude/purchase intention. In study 2, refutational two-sided OCRs that use high attribute importance render positive effects on product attitudes in trustworthy websites. However, the refutation could negatively affect product attitude/purchase intention in low trustworthy websites.

• 복식
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the visual evaluation of image according to the style, hue, value, and chroma of the male clothing and the preference of image. A quasi-experimental method was used for this study. The first factorial design was the $2{\times}3{\times}2{\times}2$ (style of upper clothes ${\times}$ hue ${\times}$ chroma ${\times}$ color of trousers), and the second factorial design was the $2{\times}3{\times}2$ (style of upper clothes ${\times}$ value ${\times}$ color of trousers). The styles of upper clothes were a soutien collar casual jacket and a polo shirt. The subjects were 509 female college students living in Seoul. Factor analysis showed five image categories of men's clothing: initiative, dignity, politeness, activity, and mildness. Yellow was evaluated as having the highest initiative and activity. Blue was shown to have lower mildness than red and yellow. The high saturated chroma was perceived to be higher initiative and activity than low chroma. The shirts were evaluated higher in activity and mildness than the casual jackets were. The beige pants were perceived to be higher in dignity and mildness than the dark blue pants. The high chroma jackets were perceived to be higher in both initiative and activity than the low chroma jackets. The navy blue pants with the upper clothes in low chroma blue were perceived to be higher in politeness than with the upper clothes in low chroma red or yellow. The low value clothes were perceived to be higher in both initiative and dignity.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1980

A parallel flats faraction for the $3^n$ factorial experiment is symbolically written as $At = C(r\timesf)$ where $A(r\timesn)$ is of rank r. The A-matrix partitions the nonnegligible effects into $(3^{n-r}-1)/2+1$ alias sets. The $U_i$ effects in the i-th alias set are related pairwise by elements from $S_3$, the symmetric group on three symbols. For each alias set the f flats produce an $f \times u_i$ alias componet permutation matrices (ACPM) with elements from $S_3$. All the information concerning the relationships among levels of the effects is contained in the ACPM.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2002

Factorial design model을 이용하여 A. xylinum KJ1의 BC생산을 위한 최적 배양조건을 결정하였다. 요인 분석을 위한 실험 계획법으로는 부분요인 분석을 통한 factorial model을 이용하였으며, 주요 실험인자인 탄소원 농도, 교반속도(rpm), 산소분압, CSL의 농도의 네 가지 factor의 영향에 의한 BC생산량의 변화를 측정하였다. SAS 프로그램을 이용하여 전체 24개의 실험계획에서 각각의 factor의 조합에 의한 BC 생산성에 관한 결과 및 예측값을 비교한 결과 BC 생산량 면에서는 상관계수($R^2$)가 0.91으로 이었고, 수율면에서는 상관계수($R^2$)는 0.81이다. 최적 BC 생산을 위한 각 factor들이 탄소원의 농도 4%, 교반속도 460 rpm, 산소분압 0.28 atm, CSL 농도 6%일 때, 이때의 BC 생산량은 11.67 g/L로 예측되었다. 그리고 BC 생산 수율면에서 최적 배양조건이 탄소원 농도 4%, 교반속도 564 rpm, 산소분압 0.21 atm, CSL 농도 2%일 때 최적의 수율 0.42 g/g를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 예측되었다. 결정된 최적 조건에서의 실증 실험 결과 11.47 g/L의 BC 생산량을 얻을 수 있었으며, 이는 fermentor상에서의 기본실험에서 얻은 4.83 g/L보다 2.4배 이상 향상된 결과이다.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.85-101
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• 1974

In a Balanced Factorial Experiments (BFE) with n factors $F_1, F_2,\cdots,F_n$ at $m_1, m_2,\cdots,m_n$ levels respectively, Shah [15] has considered the following association scheme: the two treatments are the $(P_1, P_2,\cdot,P_n)$th associates, where $p_i=1$ if the ith factor occurs at the same level in both treatments and $p_i=0$ otherwise; $\lambda_{(p_1,p_2,\cdots,p_n)}$ will denote the number of times these treatments occur together in a block. He has showed that a BFE is partially Blanced Incomplete Block(PBIB) design with repsect to the above association scheme. Kurjian and Zelan [6] have proved that factorial designs possessing a Property A (a particular structure for their matrix NN') are factorially balanced.