• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.408-413
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• 1998

To establish prediabetes in vitro/ model concerning the etiology of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) in cellular level we have designed experimental prediabefic model in pancreatic beta cells. RINm5F, HIT-T15 and isolated rat islets were chosen as pancreatic beta cells. Since interleukin-$1{\beta}$-induced beta cell cytotoxicity has been implicated in the autoimmune cytotoxicity of IDDM, we used inteleukin-$1{\beta}$ as diabetogenic agent. For establishment of prediabetic in vitro model, the degree of beta cell deterioration was determined by cell proliferation, insulin release and morphological appearance. Cell proliferation, insulin release and morphology were changed dose-dependently in condition that inteleuldn-$1{\beta}$ was exposured to pancreatic beta cells. The concentration and exposure time of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ to set up prediabetic model in beta cell lines and isolated rat islets were 100${\sim}$1000U/ml, 48hr. And 25${\sim}$100U/ml, 48hr, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.105-123
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• 2015

Let $f_{\beta}=h_{\beta}+\bar{g}_{\beta}$ and $F_a=H_a+\bar{G}_a$ be harmonic mappings obtained by shearing of analytic mappings $h_{\beta}+g_{\beta}=1/(2isin{\beta})log\((1+ze^{i{\beta}})/(1+ze^{-i{\beta}})\)$, 0 < ${\beta}$ < ${\pi}$ and $H_a+G_a=z/(1-z)$, respectively. Kumar et al. [7] conjectured that if ${\omega}(z)=e^{i{\theta}}z^n({\theta}{\in}\mathbb{R},n{\in}\mathbb{N})$ and ${\omega}_a(z)=(a-z)/(1-az)$, $a{\in}(-1,1)$ are dilatations of $f_{\beta}$ and $F_a$, respectively, then $F_a\tilde{\ast}f_{\beta}{\in}S^0_H$ and is convex in the direction of the real axis, provided $a{\in}[(n-2)/(n+2),1)$. They claimed to have verified the result for n = 1, 2, 3 and 4 only. In the present paper, we settle the above conjecture, in the affirmative, for ${\beta}={\pi}/2$ and for all $n{\in}\mathbb{N}$.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.366-370
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• 2006

In this research, analysis of UDP-glucose a precursor of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was established using a reversed phase system. One of key metabolite UDP-glucose was selected and its concentration changes was measured with the change of fermentation conditions. The effects of fermentation conditions with/without nitrogen source for cell growth on ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan production were dependent on the UDP-glucose concentration. The UDP-glucose was synthesized rapidly during cell exponential growth period and maintained high during ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan production period. The UDP-glucose concentration was higher for ${\beta}$-1.3-glucan production fermentor than that for cell growth fermentor. The ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan production was optimal at pH 5.5 and synthesis of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan was greatest at pH 5.5.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.420-426
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• 1993

To effectively purify of IL-1 inhibitor from human febrile urine, we have established monoclonal antibody that reacts with human recombinant interleukin l$\beta$(IL-1$\beta$). The antibody, designated ON-1, was highly specific to IL-1$\beta$ and no cross-reaction with other cytokines(IL-l$\alpha$ and IL-4) was observed. As the results of ELISA inhibition assay and Western blotting method, it was further identified that ON-1 had high binding specificity with IL-1$\beta$. IL-1 receptor binding material from febrile patient urine was effectively purified with affinity column chromatography which conjugated with ON-1. This urinary material inhibited the thymocyte proliferation in a dosedependent manner. IL-l$\beta$ induced thymocyte proliferation activity was inhibited to 67.3% at 6 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of the purified urinary material. The result may suggest that this urinary material the purified urinary material. The result may suggest that this urinary material will have antagonic effect on IL-1 action mechanism and act IL-l$\beta$ inhibitor.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1267-1274
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• 2004

Colostrum contains various kinds of cytokines including TGF-$\beta$ that has potent regulatory effects on cells of the immune system. We compared the levels of TGF-$\beta$1 and TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine and human colostrum. Based on the isoform-specific ELISA, bovine colostrum collected on day 1 post-delivery retained $53.71{\pm}29.55\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$1 and $40.41{\pm}21.78\;{\mu}g/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$2 (n=4), while in human, $381.45{\pm}158.24\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$1 and $41.47{\pm}9.63\;ng/ml$ of TGF-$\beta$2 (n=5). Thus, dominant TGF-$\beta$ isoforms were completely opposite between human and bovine colostrum samples. The concentrations of both isoforms declined as lactation proceeded. Biological activities of the colostrum samples were determined using an MV1LU cell line. Consistent with the result from the immunoassay, TGF-$\beta$1 in human and TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine colostrum were responsible for the anti proliferative activity against MV1LU cells. Furthermore, bovine colostrum increased IgA secretion by LPS-stimulated mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, and this effect was abrogated by either anti­TGF-$\beta$2 antibody or combined anti-TGF-$\beta$1/$\beta$2 antibody, but not by anti- TGF-$\beta$1 antibody alone. Similarly, TGF-$\beta$2 in bovine colostrum enhanced the Ig germ line (GL) promoter activity, which is the earliest event toward IgA isotype switching. Taken together, these results suggest that TGF-$\beta$ isoforms, differentially expressed in human and bovine colostrum, may promote IgA isotype production in the neonatal intestine.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.160-166
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• 2007

Purpose : The ${\beta}$-adrenoceptors are pharmacologically classified into ${\beta}_1$-, ${\beta}_2$- and ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor. The gene of each subtype has polymorphisms related to their function (${\beta}_1$-adrenoceptor: Ser49Gly, ${\beta}_2$-adrenoceptor: Gln27Glu, ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor: Trp64Arg). The objectives of this study were to analyse the allelic and genotypic distribution of the representative polymorphism of ${\beta}$-adrenoceptors in preeclampsia and to investigate whether combined genotype of ${\beta}$-adrenoceptors may be associated with preeclampsia. Methods : Blood samples were collected from a Korean population (159 preeclamptic pregnancies and 168 normotensive pregnancies). The ${\beta}_1$-, ${\beta}_2$- and ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor genotypes was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results : There were no differences in allelic and genotypic distribution of ${\beta}_1$- and ${\beta}_2$-adrenoceptor polymorphisms between the two groups. However, the Arg allele of ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor polymorphism were more frequent in preecalmpsia than in controls (P<0.05, OR=1.57, 95% CI=1.01-2.46). Moreover, prevalence of genotype carrying heterozygote of ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor polymorphism was increased in preeclampsia compared with controls (P<0.05, OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.06-2.92). When combination of the three polymorphisms were evaluated, pregnancies with the particular combined genotype that is consisted of heterozygote of ${\beta}_1$-, ${\beta}_3$-adrenoceptor and wild homozygote of ${\beta}_2$-adrenoceptor (Ser/Gly, Gln/Gln, Trp/Arg), showed a significant increase in the risk of preeclampsia (P<0.05, OR=3.01, 95% CI 1.12-8.08). Conclusion : A particular combined genotype (Ser/Gly, Gln/Gln, Trp/Arg) of - adrenoceptors was associated with the risk of preeclampsia.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.645-656
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• 2009

J. Wang [21] proposed a problem: whether the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of Jensen's equation for the case p, q, r, s $\in$ ($\beta$, $\frac{1}{\beta}$) \ {1} holds or not under the assumption that G and E are $\beta$-homogeneous Fspace (0 < $\beta\;\leq$ 1). The main purpose of this paper is to give an answer to Wang's problem. Furthermore, we proved that the stability property of Jensen's equation is not true as long as p or q is equal to $\beta$, $\frac{1}{\beta}$, or $\frac{\beta_2}{\beta_1}$ (0 < $\beta_1,\beta_2\leq$ 1).

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.652-658
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• 1995

We attempted simultaneous expression of genes coding for endoglucanase and $\beta $-glucosidase from Pseudomonas sp. by using a synthetic two-cistron svstem in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two-cistron system, 5'--tac promoter-endoglucanase gene--$\beta $-glucosidase gene-- 3', 5'-tac promoter--$\beta $-glucosidase gene--endoglucanase gene--3' and 5'-tac promoter--endoglucanase gene--SD sequence--$\beta $-glucosidase gene--3, were constructed, and expressed in E. coli and S. cerevisiae. The E. coli and S. cerevisiae contained two-cistron system produced simultaneously endoglucanase and $\beta $-glucosidase. The recombinant genes contained the bacterial signal peptide sequence produced low level of endoglucanase and $\beta $-glucosidase in S. cerevisiae transformants: Approximately above 44% of two enzymes was localized in the intracellular fraction. The production of endoglucanase and $\beta $-glucosidase in veast was not repressed in the presence of glucose or cellobiose. The veast strain contained recombinant DNA with two genes hydrolyzed carboxvmethyl cellulose, and these endoglucanase and $\beta $-glucosidase degraded CMC synergistically to glucose, cellobiose and oligosaccharide. This result suggests the possibility of the direct bioconversion of cellulose to ethanol by the recombinant yeast.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 1999

To investigate the role of interleukin-l$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$) in the embryonic development, in vivo and in vitro expression patterns of IL-1$\beta$ gene in the preimplantation mouse embryos were examined by RT-PCR, and the effects of explanted mouse ovi-duct and uterine epithelial cells on the expression of IL-1$\beta$ gene in the pleimplantation mouse embryos were examined by co-culture. IL-1$\beta$ mRNA was detected in the embryos from 4-cell stage to blastocyst stage in vivo and from morula stage to hatching blastocyst stage in vitro. This transcript was not detected from the GV stage to late 2-cell stage in vivo, and not at the 4-cell and 8-cell stages in vitro. For the co-culture of late 2-cell embryos with the explanted mouse oviduct and uterine epithelial cells, oviducts and uterine epithelial cells were isolated at 48 hour alter the hCG injection. The explanted oviduct and uterine epithelial cells in co-culture groups facilitated the IL-1$\beta$ gene expression of the mouse embryos in comparison with the control. Taken together these results suggest that the presence of IL-1$\beta$ plays an important role in preimplantation embryonic development. In addition, the up-regulation of IL-1$\beta$ gene expression by the explanted oviduct and uterine epithelial cells demonstrates that embryonic expression of IL-l$\beta$ gene may be regulated by the interaction with oviductal and uterine factor (s).

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

This paper proposes a discrete logarithm algorithm that largely reduces execution times of Pollard's Rho and Brent's algorithm in obtaining ${\gamma}$ from ${\alpha}^{\gamma}{\equiv}{\beta}$(mod p). The proposed algorithm can be distinguished from the conventional Brent's algorithm by three major features: it sets an initial value as $x_0={\alpha}{\beta}$ in lieu of $x_0=1$; replaces $y=x_i$, ($i=2^k$) pointer with $y_j{\leftarrow}x_i$, ($i=2^k$, $1{\leq}j{\leq}10$) for a Queue the size 10; and detects collision of ${\beta}_{\gamma}$, ${\beta}_{{\gamma}^{\prime}}$, ${\beta}_{{\gamma}^{-1}}$ instead of ${\beta}_{\gamma}$. This Queue method has reduced the execution time of Pollard's Rho algorithm with $x_0=y_0=1$ by 65.02%, and that of Brent's algorithm with $x_0=1$ by 47.80%.