• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.662-669
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• 2021

Objective: Effects of linseed oil (LO) supplementation on the fat content and fatty acid profile of breast meat, and the expression of three genes in the liver, breast muscle and fat tissues of commercial 154-day-old hybrid male turkeys were investigated. Methods: The animals in the control group were fed a commercially available feed and received no LO supplementation (n = 70), whereas animals in the LO group (n = 70) were fed the same basic diet supplemented with LO (day 15 to 21, 0.5%; day 22 to 112, 1%). The effect of dietary LO supplementation on fatty acid composition of breast muscle was examined by gas chromatography, and the expression of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) genes was analysed by means of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: The LO supplementation affected the fatty acid composition of breast muscle. Hepatic FADS2 levels were considerably lower (p<0.001), while adipose tissue expression was higher (p<0.05) in the control compared to the LO group. The PPARγ expression was lower (p<0.05), whereas IGF1 was higher (p<0.05) in the fat of control animals. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in FADS2, PPARγ, and IGF1 gene expressions of breast muscle; however, omega-6/omega-3 ratio of breast muscle substantially decreased (p<0.001) in the LO group compared to control. Conclusion: Fatty acid composition of breast meat was positively influenced by LO supplementation without deterioration of fattening parameters. Remarkably, increased FADS2 expression in the liver of LO supplemented animals was associated with a significantly decreased omega-6/omega-3 ratio, providing a potentially healthier meat product for human consumption. Increased PPARγ expression in fat tissue of the LO group was not associated with fat content of muscle, whereas a decreased IGF1 expression in fat tissue was associated with a trend of decreasing fat content in muscle of the experimental LO group.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 ATO 박막의 전도 특성향상을 위하여 RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링을 이용하여, 6 wt%의 Sb가 첨가된 $SnO_2$ 박막을 합성을 진행하였으며, 박막합성시 스퍼터링 가스인 아르곤(Ar)과 반응가스인 산소($O_2$)의 분압 비율의 증가에 따른 ATO 박막의 구조적, 전기적, 광학적 특성들의 고찰하였다. 결과적으로 산소/아르곤의 비율이 0.11에서 $8{\times}10^{-3}[{\Omega}{\cdot}cm]$의 비저항과 85.17%, 그리고 retile 구조의 이상적인 전도특성과 투과특성, 그리고 결정화를 이룬 ATO 박막 얻었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2006

연안해역에서 분리된 해양효모 중 불포화 지방산을 함유한 두 종의 해양효모를 선정하여 물벼룩인 Moina macrocopna에 먹이로 투여하여 먹이의 유효성과 먹이의 선호도를 방사성 안전 동위원소를 사용하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 두 종의 해양효모 Debaryomyces sp. Y-14는 전체 지방산 중 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)가 3.6%이고 총 아미노산 함량이 34.9%이며, Candida sp. Y-16는 지방산중 Eicosa pentaenoic acid (EPA)가 0.4%이고 총 아미노산이 46.2%였다. 2. Debaryomyces sp. Y-14로 배양한 M. macrocopa는 전체 지방산 함량 중 DHA가 5.5%, 총 아미노산 함량이 49.2%이고, Candida sp. Y-16으로 배양한 M. macrocopa는 전체 지방산 함량 중 EPA가 2.1%, DHA가 0.6%이고 총 아미노산 함량은 30.3% 였다. 3. 탄소안정 동위원소(${\delta}^{13}C$)는 Debaromyces sp. Y-14는 $-11.5\%_{\circ}$이고 Candida sp. Y-16은 $-10.1\%_{\circ}$이고 대조구인 Erythrobacter sp. $S{\pi}-1$은 $-24.1\%_{\circ}$로 약 $14\%_{\circ}$정도의 차이를 보였다. 4. 해양효모를 M. macrocopa에 먹이로 투여했을 때 ${\delta}^{13}C$값은 $-10.9\%_{\circ}$, Erythrobacter sp. $S{\pi}-1$을 먹이로 투여한 경우는 $-21.8\%_{\circ}$였다. 5. M. macrocopa의 생체내 탄소의 회전율은 실험초기에는 $-15\%_{\circ}$와 $-13\%_{\circ}$였지만 Erythrobacter sp. $S{\pi}-1$으로 바꾸어 20일 정도 배양한 결과 $-19\%_{\circ}$로 안정화되는 경향이 있었다. 6. 먹이의 선호도는 배양 4일부터 M. macrocopa 생체내의 ${\delta}^{13}C$값이 $-13\%_{\circ}$에서 $-10\%_{\circ}$사이의 범위로 나타나 해양효모에 가까운 값으로 대조구인 Erythrobacter sp. $S{\pi}-1$보다 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2010

Flight vehicles such as wheel wells and bomb bays have many cavities. The flow around a cavity is characterized as an unsteady flow because of the formation and dissipation of vortices brought by the interaction between the free stream shear layer and the internal flow of the cavity. The resonance phenomena can damage the structures around the cavity and negatively affect the aerodynamic performance and stability of the vehicle. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed for the cavity flows using the unsteady compressible three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation with Wilcox's turbulence model. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) parallelized code was used for the calculations by PC-cluster. The cavity has aspect ratios (L/D) of 5.5 ~ 7.5 with width ratios (W/D) of 2 ~ 4. The Mach and Reynolds numbers are 0.4 ~ 0.6 and $1.6{\times}10^6$, respectively. The occurrence of oscillation is observed in the "shear layer and transient mode" with a feedback mechanism. Based on the Sound Pressure Level (SPL) analysis of the pressure variation at the cavity trailing edge, the dominant frequencies are analyzed and compared with the results of Rossiter's formula. The dominant frequencies are very similar to the result of Rossiter's formula and other experimental datum in the low aspect ratio cavity (L/D = ~4.5). In the high aspect ratio cavity, however, there are other low dominant frequencies of the leading edge shear layer with the dominant frequencies of the feedback mechanism.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1997

졸-겔 스핀코팅법을 이용하여 VDT 기판에 반사방지 및 정전기방지 복층막을 코팅하고 코팅졸과 겔분말의 특성 및 코팅막의 전기적, 광학적, 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 1층막은 복층막의 간섭조건을 만족시키는 굴절율을 얻기위해 투명 전도성 재료인 ATO(Antimony doped Tin Oxide) 졸과 SiO2 졸을 몰비 68:32로 혼합한 ATO-SiO2 복합졸을, 2층막에는 저굴절율의 SiO2 졸을 사용하였다. 각 코팅막을 45$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 열처리하였을 때 잔류 유기물은 완전히 제거되었다. ATO막의 표면저항은 3mol%의 Sb 첨가시 약 6$\times$107$\Omega$/$\square$로 최소를 나타내었고 SiO2 졸과의 혼합시 약 30mol% 까지는 표면저항이 완만히 증가하다가 그 이후에는 급격히 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 간섭조건을 만족시키는 조성인 32mol%에서는 약 3$\times$108$\Omega$/$\square$를 나타내었다. 복층막의 반사율은 550nm의 기준파장에서 약 0.64%를 나타내었으며 광투과율은 약 3.20% 증가하였다. 복층막의 미소경도는 약 471.4kg.f/mm2로 코팅하지 않은 VDT기판의 경도와 유사한 값을 나타내었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.201-214
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• 1996

This study was aimed at evaluating the lipid status of 122 pregnant women, who were attending peripheral community clinics in low-income areas and were vulnerable in terms of public health, by anthropometric measurements, estimating dietary intakes and analyzing serum lipids content and fatty acids composition. Regarding the skinfold thickness, it has increased more significantly in suprailliac than in triceps, biceps, subscapular, which means body fat has been accumulated in central parts more than in distal parts of the pregnants. It is found that intakes of energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrate are desirable while calcium, zinc and copper are low and sodium is excessive. Regarding dietary fat intake, the energy $\%$ of fat was within the same range as RDA(20%) for adults, but energy $\%$ intake from each fatty acid was usually low, especially energy % of monoun-saturated fatty acid intake was below RDA for adult women. And intake ratio of $\omega$6$\omega$3 fatty acids was desirable. Accordingly, it is thought that dietary fat intake was balanced in quality. Serum lipids concentrations were increased with the length of pregnancy and were higher as compared with non-pregnant women. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially $\omega$6 fatty acids, have gradually decreased with the length of pregnancy. Serum lipids content and fatty acids composition were not greatly influenced by dietary fat but serum free fatty acid level was negatively related to energy, carbohydrate, fatty acids and cholesterol intake. On the basis of the above results, it can be predicted that lipid metabolism for mother and fetus is changed by pregnant status and multilateral research on maternal nutrition in terms of areas and income levels will have to be made. (Korean J Community Nutrition 1(2) : 201-214, 1996)

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2003

Thin copper films were grown by electrodeposition on copper seed layers which were grown by sputtering of an ultra-pure copper target on tantalum nitride-coated silicon wafers and subsequently, cleaned in ECR plasma. The copper films were then subjected to ⅰ) vacuum annealing, ⅱ) rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and ⅲ) rapid thermal nitriding (RTN) at various temperatures over different periods of time. XRD, SEM, AFM and resistivity measurements were done to ascertain the optimum heat treatment condition for obtaining film with minimum resistivity, predominantly (111)-oriented and smoother surface morphology. The as-deposited film has a resistivity of ∼6.3 $\mu$$\Omega$-cm and a relatively small intensity ratio of (111) and (200) peaks. With heat treatment, the resistivity decreases and the (111) peak becomes dominant, along with improved smoothness of the copper film. The optimum condition (with a resistivity of 1.98 $\mu$$\Omega$-cm) is suggested as the rapid thermal nitriding at 400oC for 120 sec.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2004

This study aims to investigate the effects of partially distributed loads on the dynamic behaviour of steel parabolic arches by using the elasto-plastic finite element model based on the Von Mises yield criteria and the Prandtl-Reuss How rule. For this purpose, the vertical and the radial load conditions were considered as a distributed loading and the loading range is varied from 40% to 100% of arch span. Normal arch and arch with initial deflection were studied. The initial deflection of arch was assumed by the sinusoidal motile of ${\omega}_i\;=\;{\\omega}_O$ sin ($n{\pi}x/L$). Several numerical examples were tested considering symmetric initial deflection when the maximum initial deflection at the apex is fixed as L/1000. The analysis resluts showed that the maximum deflection at the apex of arch was occurred when 70% of arch span was loaded. The maximum deflection at the quarter point of arch span was occurred when 50% of arch span was loaded. It is known that the optimal rise to span ratio between 0.2 and 0.3 when the vertical or radial distributed load is applied. It is verified that the influence of initial deflection of radial load case is more serious than that of vertical load case.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.367-386
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• 2020

The significance of this study was to analyze the quality value of organic livestock pork for the first time based on the results of managing and testing the cycling organic farming of black pork and vegetables within farm for two years. The results of analysis could be summarized as follows. First, the pork of experimental group with crop-livestock cycling farming showed the excellent quality and high consumer preference compared to the control group of general pork or pork from non-crop-livestock cycling organic farming. In the content ratio of Omega-3 as a representative essential fatty acid, it was 1.46 that was about 2.8 times more than general pork (0.52). In case of Omega-6, it had about 2.5 times more than general pork. Especially, the U/S ratio value which was the content ratio of Unsaturated Fatty Acid (UFA, U) of Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA, S), was largely shown in pork (2.93) from cycling organic farming. Second, it would be necessary to maintain the economies of scope shown in crop-livestock cycling organic farming, and the high quality value of livestock products. For this, there should be a value chain model that could realize the economies of scope and economies of scale at the same time based on scaling and diversification through cooperative organization between farmers. Through this, it would be possible to establish a cycling model called 'community cooperative agriculture' by forming local internal markets through cooperation of production-processing and integration of distribution-sale-consumption. For the managerial activation of this cooperative organization, the government should promote/support the small crop-livestock cycling organic farming cooperative organization in local unit. For securing the reliability of crop-livestock cycling organic agricultural products and crop-livestock cycling organic livestock products, it would be necessary to review the introduction of Participatory Guarantee System (PGS).

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 원격 조종 소형 비행기에서 주로 사용되고 있는 Kline-Fogleman 익형의 저 레이놀즈수 공력 특성을 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다. NACA4415와 이를 기반으로 한 Kline-Fogleman 익형의 공력특성을 비교하였다. 본 연구는 ANSYS Fluent를 활용하였으며, 유동은 비압축성으로 가정하고, 난류모델 $k-{\omega}$ SST를 사용하였다. 이를 통하여 Kline-Fogleman 익형의 공기역학적 원리를 규명하였으며 계산된 레이놀즈수 $3{\times}10^3{\sim}3{\times}10^6$ 범위에서 Kline-Fogleman 익형이 NACA4415에 비해 양력계수가 향상됨을 확인하였다. 특히 레이놀즈수 $2.4{\times}10^5$이하의 영역에서는 Kline-Fogleman 익형의 양항비가 NACA4415에 비해 26%까지 향상되었다.