• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.902-905
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• 2003

Five compounds of terpenoids and coumarins were isolated from the non-polar fraction of Artemisia apiacea by open column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as $\alpha$-amyrin (1), $\beta$-amyrin (2), $\beta$-sitosterol (3), 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin (4) and 6-methoxy-7,8-methylenedioxycoumarin (5) by chemical and spectroscopic analysis. This is the first report of the isolation of $\alpha$-amyrin, $\beta$-amyrin, 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin and 6-methoxy-7,8-methylene-dioxycoumarin from this plant.

• 생약학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.18-21
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• 1991

Campanulin, ${\alpha}-amyrin$, ${\beta}-amyrin$, uvaol, simiarenol, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Rhododendron brachycarpum and their structures were identified by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2020

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and most frequently diagnosed neurodegenerative disorder. However, there is still no drug preventing the progress of this disorder. β-Amyrin, an ingredient of the surface wax of tomato fruit and dandelion coffee, is previously reported to ameliorate memory impairment induced by cholinergic dysfunction. Therefore, we tested whether β-amyrin can prevent AD-like pathology. β-Amyrin blocked amyloid β (Aβ)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment in the hippocampal slices. Moreover, β-amyrin improved Aβ-induced suppression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, blocked the effect of β-amyrin on Aβ-induced LTP impairment. In in vivo experiments, we observed that β-amyrin ameliorated object recognition memory deficit in Aβ-injected AD mice model. Moreover, neurogenesis impairments induced by Aβ was improved by β-amyrin treatment. Taken together, β-amyrin might be a good candidate of treatment or supplement for AD patients.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2002

Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH)를 통해 상처에 의해 발현이 유도되는 cDNA들을 분리하였고, 그 중 하나인 gmwi33은 $\beta$-amyrin synthase 유전자들과 높은 유사성을 보였다. gmwi33의 전장 cDNA인 GmAMS1은 2416 bp 길이에 739개 아미노산으로 구성된 긴 open reading frame(ORF)를 포함하고 있었다. GmAMS1 단백질은 감초의 $\beta$-amyrin synthase인 GgbAS와 89%, 완두의 OSCPSY와 86%의 유사성을 보였다. 암조건 하에 5일간 기른 콩나물에서, GmAMS1는 빛을 쪼여주었을 때 가장 강하게 발현되었고 methyl jasmonate 처리와 저온처리 시에도 발현이 유도된 반면, UV-B나 elicitor를 처리하였을 때는 발현이 유도되지 않았다. 이러한 GmAMS1의 발현양상은 사포닌의 활성산소 제거기능과 밀접한 연관이 있을 것으로 추측된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.422-425
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• 2004

개망초의 꽃을 80% MeOH 용액으로 추출하고, 추출물을 EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 물로 분배, 추출하였다. 이 중 EtOAc 분획을 silica gel, octadecylsilica gel(ODS) column chromatography 및 high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)로 정제하여 3종의 화합물을 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조는 NMR, MS 및 IR 등의 스펙트럼 데이터를 해석하여, ${\alpha}-amyrenone(1),\;{\alpha}-amyrin(2)$ 및 ${\beta}-amyrin(3)$으로 동정하였다. 이들 3종의 triterpenoid는 개망초에서는 처음 분리되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1547-1552
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• 2022

β-Amyrin is a pentacyclic triterpene widely distributed in leaves and stems worldwide. The ability of β-amyrin to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in microorganisms suggests its potential as an antimicrobial agent. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the antibacterial mode of action of β-amyrin. We treated Escherichia coli cells with β-amyrin and found that it triggered ROS accumulation. Excessive stress caused by ROS, particularly hydroxyl radicals, induces glutathione (GSH) dysfunction. GSH protects cells from oxidative and osmotic stresses; thus, its dysfunction leads to membrane depolarization. The resultant change in membrane potential leads to the release of apoptotic proteins, such as caspases. The activated caspases-like protein promotes the cleavage of DNA into single strands, which is a hallmark of apoptosis-like death in bacteria. Apoptotic cells usually undergo events such as DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine exposure, differentiating them from necrotic cells, and the cells treated with β-amyrin in this study were positive for annexin V and negative for propidium iodide, indicating apoptosis-like death. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the antibacterial mode of action of β-amyrin involves the induction of ROS, which resulted in apoptosis-like death in E. coli.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2004

A novel chlorinated diterpene quinone methide; chlorosmaridione (7-chloro-11-hydroxy-abeita-7,9(11),13-triene-6,12-diode) was isolated from petroleum ether extract of the stems of Rosemarinus officinalis L. growing in Egypt. In addition, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, stigmasterol, lupeol acetate, ${\alpha}-amyrin,\;{\beta}-amyrin$, lupeol, acetyloleanolic acid, acetylursolic acid taxodione, horminone, and cryptotanshinone were also identified. Chemical structures of the isolated compounds have been elucidated on the bases of physical, chemical, and spectral data including IR, UV, MS, 1D-and 2D-NMR spectra.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2007

In this study, three triterpenoids, two steroids and nine flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of Alnus firma Sieb. et Zucc. On the basis of spectroscopic evidences, the structures of these compounds were established as ${\beta}$-amyrin acetate, ${\beta}$-amyrin, ${\beta}$-sitosterol, alnustic acid methyl ester, ${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside, pinocembrin, alnustinol, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinofuranoside, quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L -rhamnopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside, myricetin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-galac-topyranoside, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 1995

국화과 식물인 산씀바귀(Lactuca raddeana)를 식물화학적 방법에 의하여 연구한 바 primaylong chain alcohol인 1-hexacosanol과 1-tetracosa not을, triterpene acetate로 ${\beta}-amyrin\;acetate,\;{\alpha}-amyrin acetate$, lupeol acetate, pseudotaraxasterol acetate, taraxasterol acetate 및 germanicol acetate등을, fatty acyl triterpene은 이들의 구성 triter pone alcohol이 triterpone acetate의 경우와 같았으며 acyl moiety는 myristate, palmitate, stearate및 arachidate로 각각 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2007

싸주아리쑥 지상부를 80% MeOH 용액으로 추출하고, 얻어진 추출물을 EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 $H_2O$로 용매 분획하였다. 이중 EtOAc 분획으로부터 silica gel과 ODS column chromatography로 정제하여 5개의 화합물을 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조는 NMR, MS 및 IR 등의 스펙트럼 데이터를 해석하여, friedelin (1), ${\beta}$-amyrin (2), ${\beta}$-amyrin acetate (3), camphanediol (4), hispidulin (5)으로 동정하였다. 이 화합물들은 싸주아리쑥에서는 처음 분리되었다.