• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2006

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni on serum and hepatic lipid levels and enzyme activities in rat administered with ethanol chronically. Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet(C, control), a control diet plus ethanol(E, 4g/kg bw), E plus stevia extract-1(ES1, 1ml/kg bw), or E plus stevia extract-2(ES2, 2ml/kg bw) for 7 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the E group and were decreased in the ES 1 group. Liver triglyceride levels were decreased significantly in the ES2 groups and Total-cholesterol were decreased in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. Liver $\gamma-GTP$ levels were decreased significantly in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. In addition, we have evaluated the serum or liver carnitine levels in those groups. Liver TCNE levels were increased significantly in the ES1, ES2 compared with the E group. These results may suggest that supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni has effects on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related diseases.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-33
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• 2005

Acetaminophen, which causes acute liver min in humans and animals, has made useful inducer of hepatoxicity for studying hepatopreventive drugs. Injinhotang is known as one of the hepatopreventive drugs. However, its mechanism of recovery of hepatoxicity treated with acetaminophen is poorly understood. this study was performed to observe the antioxidative effect of injinhotang extract and its several combination groups. The results were obtained as follows:1. In the study on free radical scavenging effect in vitro(the suppressing effect on peroxidation of linoleic acid on concentration, the scavenging effect of DPPH radical, inhibitory effect of superoxide in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation reaction by hydroxy radical in H2O2-Fe2+system, injinhotang have more effect than its components groups relatively. 2. In the study on antioxidants system in vivo(the level of serum LPO, the level of hepatic LPO, catalase, GSH, GST), only injnhotang has a significant effect. 3. In the study on hepatotoxicity(GOT, GPT, $\gamma$-GTP, ALP, LDH, b ilirubin), only injinhotang has a significant effect. These results suggest that injinhotang has the protective effect on acetaminophen-induced hepatoxicity. The mechanisms of these are supposed to be involved in antioxidant and three drugs' cooperative synergy effect.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1997

In order to investigate experimentally that effect of Moschus, Bovis Calculus, Ursi Fel aqua-acupuncture on acutely damaged liver of rats induced by radix aconiti, the author gave Moschus, Bovis Calculus, Ursi Fel aqua-acupuncture according to method of manufacture stimulation to corresponding points, Kan-su(B18) and Ki-mun(Liv14), and carried out hematological, serological observation. Experimental groups were divided into 2 group : the one group was injected with extracted solution prepared by distillation method (A aqua-acupuncture treatment group), the other group was injected with extracted solution prepared by alchol extraction method (B aqua-acupuncture treatment group). The following results were obtained : 1. WBC level was decreased significantly in the experimental groups at 12, 24 and 48 hours as compared with the control group. RBC and hemoglobin levels were not changed significantly in the experimental groups. 2. Total cholesterol level was decreased significantly in the experimental groups at 12, 24 and 48 hours as compared with the control group. ALP level was decreased significantly in the experimental groups at 6 and 24 hours as compared with the control group. ${\gamma}-GTP$ level was decreased significantly in the experimental groups at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours as compared with the control group. 3. GOT level was decreased significantly in the experimental groups at 6 and 12 hours as compared with the control group. GPT level was decreased siginificantly in the experimental groups at 12, 24 and 96 hours as compared with the control group. According to the above findings, it is considered that Moschus, Bovis Calculus, Ursi Fel aqua-acupuncture has effects of recovery of acutely damaged liver.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.563-572
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate incidence and related factors of the metabolic syndrome in a Korean medicine hospital. The 716 subjects were analyzed using biochemical data and survey who took medical examination in Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital for general health check-up. This investigation was conducted from February in 2008 to July in 2010. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the definition by the NCEP ATP III. The abdominal obesity guidelines for waist circumference applied by the WHO Western Pacific Region, IASO and IOTF: The Asia-Pacific Perspective in 2000. Incidence of metabolic syndrome was 12% (14.6% in men, 8.2% in women). The groups that have two metabolic risk factors were 21.9% in men and 7.5% in women. The incidence increased with ageing. The mean of metabolic syndrome`s triglyceride was in hypertriglyceridemia, and that of their BMI in men was in primary obese and that of their AST, ALT, ${\gamma}$-GTP means were in abnormal liver function. Smokers in men have metabolic syndrome 10 times more than non-smokers in men. Exercisers that do the exercise once or twice a week in women have metabolic syndrome 0.2 times more than non-exerciser in women. Women that have family history of stroke, were associated with metabolic syndrome by $x^2$-test. Men that have family history of hypertension, have metabolic syndrome 4 times more than otherwise men. Men that have family history of diabetes mellitus, have metabolic syndrome 3 times more than otherwise men.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.345-351
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• 2010

Alcoholic hepatitis is an acute and severe liver disease associated with high mortality rate. This study was conducted to develop the instrument of criterion for symptoms improvement after temperance. We made the symptoms improvement questionnaire for alcoholic hepatitis patients through reviewing traditional oriental medical literatures and got advices from the advisor committee with delphi technique. The advisor committee on this study was organized by 10 professors of internal medicine of oriental medical colleges nationwide. The questionnaire was composed of questions about 10 symptoms - fatigue, pain, anorexia, abdominal bloat, heaviness of the body, itch, nausea, sleep, dryness in the mouth and stools. We named it Alcoholic Hepatitis Symptoms Improvement Questionnaire(AHSIQ). We surveyed 65 male alcoholic hepatitis patients and checked liver function profile and AHSIQ before and after temperance four times for six weeks. As a result of factor analysis the scales of AHSIQ had content validity and construct validity. And internal consistency reliability was good(Cronbach's alpha=0.768-0.871). The total scale scores were statistically significant in gamma-GTP related validity. We suggest that AHSIQ would be effective for measuring symptoms improvement degree in alcoholic hepatitis patients through further investigations with larger clinical trials.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2009

In this experiment, three different diets were produced to investigate the effects of Jeju native chicken meat, from chickens that were fed a tangerine by-product, on physiological activities in rats. The first diet did not contain any chicken (TS), the second diet contained 10% chicken that had not been fed the tangerine by-product (T0), and the third diet contained 10% that had been fed the by-products (T1). These diets were provided to 11-week-old male rats for four weeks. Weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, liver, kidney, and epididymis fat weights were not significantly different among the TS, T0, and T1 groups. Total lipid, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels in the liver were significantly lower in T0 and T1 than in TS (p<0.05). And total lipid, phospholipid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, DL+VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol, and atherogenic index levels in the blood serum were similar between T0 and T1, which did not present any significant differences. The feed containing the tangerine by-product did not cause any statistically significant differences in serum protein, glucose, or hemoglobin. Finally, T0 and T1 showed similar trends in terms of $\gamma$-GTP, ALT, AST, and ALP activities, which again did not present any statistically significant differences.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.129-143
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify prevalence and related factors of the elderly, who took health examination, with metabolic syndrome. Methods: The health examination and lifestyle survey were performed for 21,512 adults at 60 years of age or older who took health examination in H health promotion center during January-March 2009. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome for the subject was 24.0%. Of the subject with metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of the diseases was obesity 60%, abdominal obesity 78.5%, hypertension 82.6%, dyslipidemia 89.7% and diabetes 51.9%. In comparison of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and other diseases, the male subject with metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in BMI, waist circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, AST, ALT, $\gamma$-GTP, TG, AC glucose, creatinine than normal male(p<0.001). In comparison of the relationship between metabolic syndrome and lifestyle, more drinking frequency and amount in male and more drinking frequency in female were associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome(p<0.01). Regardless of exercise intensity, practice of exercise contributed to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome(p<0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, TLC program, focused on lifestyle behaviors which is strongly associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, should be developed for the improvement of life quality in the elderly with metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2001

In order to evaluate the protective effect of Kamicheungkantang(KCKT) on hepatic damage induced by $CCl_4$, the study was done. The blood chemistry and histological study were done following oral administration with materials. The results were obtained as follows. 1. KCKT extracts didn't show cytotoxicity against BALB/C mouse lung fibroblast cell. 2. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was significantly decreased in KCKT treated group as compared with control group. 3. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly decreased in KCKT treated group as compared with control group. 4. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was significantly decreased in KCKT treated group as compared with control group. 5. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH> was insignificantly decreased in KCKT but insignificantly as compared with control group. 6. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum cholestorol was significantly decreased in KCKT treated group as compared with control group. 7. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum triglyceride was insignificantly decreased in KCKT treated groups as compared with data of control. 8. In the hepatotoxicity with $CCl_4$, serum total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, ${\gamma}$-GTP were not changed in KCKT treated groups as compared with data of control. 9. In histopathological changes, fatty changes, vacuole, nucleotic changes and fibrosis were observed in control group and degree of changes was increased over time. Whereas no differences were observed in KCKT treated group These results suggested that KCKT extracts might be usefully applied for treatment of hapatic disease and also it was necessary to do more studies about its mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.351-360
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to determine the importance of obesity management nutrition programs for obese male workers after performing a 10-week nutrition program and to compare changes in the obesity index, health behavior, meal intake, and blood constituents. The study subjects included 44 individuals, all without chronic disease. After the program, the weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) of the subjects dropped. Dietary life behavior scores increased. In particular, more than 30% increases were detected in self-control of surfeit, control of eating speed, temperance, and regular exercise items. Total caloric intake and average drinking intake dropped. Though insignificant, systolic pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and sGPT all dropped as compared to the levels measured prior to the program. Fasting blood sucrose, triglyceride, $\gamma$-GTP, and atherogenic index dropped significantly. HDL-cholesterol, though insignificant, increased. As the result of examining correlations between the subjects' health life behavior, caloric intake, and improvement in obesity, we noted a significant correlation between self-control of surfeit and temperance in the health life behavior item, along with significant correlations among total calorie intake, surfeit percentage, and daily average drinking intake. These results demonstrated that nutrition program for obese workers performed at the Community Health Center had the effect of reducing obesity, improving health behavior, and improving clinical levels. Thus, it is advisable that obesity management programs be achieved, linking the center of local societies' health promotion projects, community health centers, and workplaces, and various programs should be developed to maintain and continue changes in workers' behaviors, such that the positive effects of improvement in obesity could be maintained, even after the program.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2009

Recently, herbal drugs haver been used world wide. and generally regarded as safe with no serious adverse reaction. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of frequent cause of liver diseases. If DILI is not treated, it can be developed into liver cirrhosis, hepatoma, etc. Currently, DILI has been reported to be common cause of acute hepatitis, and oriental medicine and folk remedy are not exception. We encountered one case of DILI, cause by folk remedy. Patients complained chest discomfort, yellow skin and urine, nausea, vomiting. Lab test showed elevated level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (r-GTP), total bilirubin (TB). We estimated acute DILI and stopped taking folk medication made by himself. After 1 week of treatment, the clinical symptoms and liver function improved. Genetic and environmental factors as well as drug itself decide the hepatic toxicity, and the major DILI are belonged in acute type. So we need to get more attention to folk medication to help preventing the DILI cause by folk remedy.