• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.241-246
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• 2018

In this paper, a low-cost optical temperature sensor is implemented, using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as the temperature probe and a low-cost VCSEL with temperature-dependent output wavelength as the light source. To analyze the wavelength of the reflected light from the FBG, an interrogation was applied using a method of referring to the internal temperature according to the output wavelength of the VCSEL. When the temperature of the VCSEL was adjusted from 14 to $52.2^{\circ}C$, the output wavelength varied from 1519.90 to 1524.25 nm. The degree of wavelength tuning according to temperature was $0.114nm/^{\circ}C$. The variable wavelength repeatability error according to temperature was ${\pm}0.003nm$, and the temperature measurement error was ${\pm}0.18^{\circ}C$. As a result of measuring the temperatures from 22.3 to $194.2^{\circ}C$, the value of the internal temperature change of the light source according to the applied temperature ${\Delta}T$ was $0.146^{\circ}C/{\Delta}T$, the change in reflected wavelength of the temperature probe according to applied temperature ${\Delta}T$ was measured at $16.64pm/^{\circ}C$. and the temperature measurement error of the sensor was ${\pm}1^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.396-403
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• 2019

Ion-exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration were used to extract anserine from salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). The salmon anserine showed DPPH radical scavenging activity in the range of 7.30% to 31.05% in a dose-dependent manner. This reducing power of salmon anserine also increased as the concentration increased. Metal chelate activity, superoxide dismutase - like activity, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay showed similar results. The anserine also suppressed the increment of the peroxide value and linoleic acid during storage periods. These results suggest that salmon anserine might be useful as a natural antioxidant in various foodstuffs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Dendropanax morbifera (DM) extract on postmenopausal syndrome and to develop DM extract as an alternative for hormonal therapy. The following seven groups of rats; normal control (sham), ovariectomized (OVX) control, Punica granatum (PG)-treated group (770 mg/kg), estradiol treated group (0.5 mg/kg), and three DM-treated groups (200, 500, 1000 mg/kg) were compared. Indicated compounds were administrated once a day for eight weeks. To evaluate the estrogenic effect of DM extract, western blot analysis was performed on the liver tissue to confirm the expression of estrogen receptor ($ER-{\alpha}$, $ER-{\beta}$). Our analysis showed that after DM administration, collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX) value decreased while $ER-{\alpha}$ protein expression increased in a dose-dependent manner through the MAPK/ERK pathway in OVX rats. These results suggest that Dendropanax morbifera exerts estrogenic effect by inducing estrogen receptor expression and activating MAPK/ERK pathway.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.395-404
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• 2019

Objective: Wheat bran (WB) and rice bran (RB) are the agricultural by-products used as poultry feed in many developing countries. However, their use for poultry feed is limited due to high fiber and the presence of anti-nutritional substances (e.g. ${\beta}-glucans$). The objective of this study was to develop a method to improve the quality of those brans by reducing the fiber content. Methods: A two-step fermentation method was developed where the second fermentation of first fermented dry bran was carried out. Fermentation was performed at a controlled environment for 3 h and 6 h (n = 6). The composition of brans, buffer solution and rumen liquor was maintained in a ratio of 1:2:3, respectively. Brans were analyzed for dry matter, crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content. Celluloses and hemicelluloses were calculated from the difference of ADF-ADL and NDF-ADF, respectively. Samples were compared by two-factor analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests (p<0.05). Results: CF %, ADF % and cellulose tended to decrease and NDF % and hemicellulose content was reduced significantly (p<0.05). After the 1st fermentation step, NDF decreased $10.7%{\pm}0.55%$ after 3 h vs $17.0%{\pm}0.78%$ after 6 h in case of WB. Whereas, these values were $2.3%{\pm}0.30%$ (3 h) and $7.5%{\pm}0.69%$ (6 h) in case of RB. However, after the 2nd fermentation step, the decrease in the NDF content amounted to $9.1%{\pm}0.72%$ (3 h), $17.4%{\pm}1.13%$ (6 h) and $9.3%{\pm}0.46%$ (3 h), $10.0%{\pm}0.68%$ (6 h) in WB and RB, respectively. Cellulose and hemicellulose content was reduced up to $15.6%{\pm}0.85%$ (WB), $15.8%{\pm}2.20%$ (RB) and $36.6%{\pm}2.42%$ (WB), $15.9%{\pm}3.53%$ (RB), respectively after 2nd fermentation of 6 h. Conclusion: Two-step fermentation process improved the quality of the brans for their use in poultry feed.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.406-420
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• 2021

Gloeostereum incarnatum has edible and medicinal value and was first cultivated and domesticated in China. We sequenced the G. incarnatum monokaryotic strain GiC-126 on an Illumina HiSeq X Ten system and obtained a 34.52-Mb genome assembly sequence that encoded 16,895 predicted genes. We combined the GiC-126 genome with the published genome of G. incarnatum strain CCMJ2665 to construct a genetic linkage map (GiC-126 genome) that had 10 linkage groups (LGs), and the 15 assembly sequences of CCMJ2665 were integrated into 8 LGs. We identified 1912 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and detected 700 genes containing 768 SSRs in the genome; 65 and 100 of them were annotated with gene ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways, respectively. Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were identified in 20 fungal genomes and annotated; among them, 144 CAZymes were annotated in the GiC-126 genome. The A mating-type locus (MAT-A) of G. incarnatum was located on scaffold885 at 38.9 cM of LG1 and was flanked by two homeodomain (HD1) genes, mip and beta-fg. Fourteen segregation distortion markers were detected in the genetic linkage map, all of which were skewed toward the parent GiC-126. They formed three segregation distortion regions (SDR1-SDR3), and 22 predictive genes were found in scaffold1920 where three segregation distortion markers were located in SDR1. In this study, we corrected and updated the genomic information of G. incarnatum. Our results will provide a theoretical basis for fine gene mapping, functional gene cloning, and genetic breeding the follow-up of G. incarnatum.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.70-77
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• 2023

Fine dust is a cause of serious ecological problems, and fugitive dust generated from construction sites is a major source of fine dust in Korea. However, at construction sites, including concrete manufacturing industry sites, measurements are rarely made at the fugitive dust generation stage, and passive removal methods are the majority. Therefore, in this study, a fugitive dust measurement method suitable for managing fugitive dust generated during aggregate unloading in the concrete manufacturing industry sites was selected. In addition, the purpose was to analyze the amount of fugitive dust reduction according to the operation of the reduction system by applying the automatic fugitive dust reduction system to the aggregate unloading site. As a result, the reliability of the light scattering method was secured through the comparative measurement of the beta-ray absorption method and the light scattering method, and the light scattering method correction coefficient was calculated and applied to the measured value of the fugitive dust particle mass concentration at the concrete manufacturing industry sites. In addition, the fugitive dust reduction rate according to the operation of the automatic fugitive dust reduction system was derived.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2022

We aimed to produce a potent β-glucuronidase inhibitor from wild yeast that could inactivate toxic substances in the colon. Culture supernatants and cell-free extracts of non-pathogenic wild yeasts were prepared and their β-glucuronidase inhibitory activities were measured. Cell-free extract from Candida oleophila WP5-19-1 showed the highest β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity (49.0%). The β-glucuronidase inhibitor was maximally produced (IC₅₀ value; 8.4 mg) when C. oleophila WP5-19-1 was cultured in potato dextrose medium containing 5% dextrose (initial pH; 6.0) at 30℃ for 24 hours. β-glucuronidase inhibitor of C. oleophila WP5-19-1 was partially purified by trypsin hydrolysis, ultrafiltration (3 kDa), and Sephadex G-50 filtration. The partially purified β-glucuronidase inhibitor was stable from 30℃ to 60℃ and at pH 6.0 9.0, and showed residual inhibitory activity of about 80%.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.277-286
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• 2023

Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, is a representative bony fish that belongs to the family Scorpaenidae and the order Scorpaeniformes. It has high ecological and economic value and is widely cultivated in many East Asian countries, including South Korea, Japan and China. One of streptococci, Streptococcus iniae, is Gram-positive cocci with a negative reaction for catalase and oxidase. The Korean rockfish shows clinical signs when infected with S. iniae, such as body darkening, bleeding, enlarged kidneys, blurred eyes, abdominal distension, etc., ultimately leading to death. The Korean rockfish causes significant economic losses every year in South Korea due to streptococcosis. In this study, we identified bacteria from the fish using polymerase chain reaction and conducted analyses of hemolytic activity and biochemical tests using API 20 STREP and API ZYM systems. Results of confirming the hemolytic activity (n=4) observed in alpha-type hemolysis (25%), beta-type hemol- ysis (50%), and gamma-type hemolysis (25%) of isolates. The biochemical test results exhibited sig- nificant variation among S. iniae. Additionally, we performed intraperitoneal injection with S. iniae in the fish and analyzed the phylogenetic tree using housekeeping genes of S. iniae, including cpsD, arcC, glnA, groEL, gyrB, mutS, pheT, prkC, rpoB, and tkt, via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The lethal dose (LD₅₀) showed strong pathogenicity, such as 3.34 × 10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml for 23FBStr0601 strain and 7.16 × 10 CFU/ml for 23FBStr0602 strain. 23FBStr0603 strain showed relatively low pathogenicity at 1.73 × 10⁵ CFU/ml. The strains 23FBStr0601 and 23FBStr0602, which showed strong pathogenicity, clustered into one monophyletic group. The 23FBStr0603 strain showed weak pathogenicity and formed a monophyletic group with KCTC 3657.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.215-230
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• 2023

Objectives : Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill contains many nutrients and exhibits high physiological functions. It has been shown that Schisandra seed and pamace contains more nutrients than fruits and thus have higher antioxidant efficacy. In this study, seed and pamace of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SPSC) were treated with hot-melt extrudate (HME) extrusion to produce water-soluble nanoparticles. Methods : SPSC was treated with HME to prepare nanoparticles. In this process, excipients (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pullulan, 2-hydroxylpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, lecithin) were added to prepare a hydrophilic polymer matrix. To compare and analyze the antioxidant effect and schizandrin content, total flavonoid content, total phenol content and ABTS assay were measured. To confirm the effect of increasing the water solubility of the particles, particle size and water solubility index measurements were performed. The molecular of the material was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results : The particle size of HME extrudates decreased, while total phenols, flavonoids, schizandrin, antioxidant effect, and solubility increased. Through FT-IR, it was confirmed that the SPSC and the extrudate exhibit the same chemical properties. In addition, it was confirmed that when extracted with water, it exhibited a higher antioxidant effect than the ethanol extract. Conclusions : HME technology increased the solubility of SPSC, which are processing by-products, and improved their antioxidant effect to a higher degree. It was confirmed that SPSC could be used as an eco-friendly, high value-added material.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.604-610
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• 2001

Quality characteristics of Jook made of imported rice(Thai and Chinese rice, harvested in 1998) and domestic rice(Chuchung byeo, harvested in 1998 and 1997) were examined. After cooking, Thai rice granules in Jook gained more weight than other rices and had a higher degree of swelling(p<0.05). The hardness of Thai rice granules in Jook was the highest and the adhesiveness of that was the lowest(p<0.05). Thai rice granules in Jook had high cohesiveness, chewiness and gumminess. Results showed that Thai rice has improper characteristics for making Jook which must be swallowed easily. In Thai rice, the time needed for the liquid pan of Jook to flow was shortest with values of 4.33s(60$\^{C}$) and 4.97s(40$\^{C}$) and spreadability of Jook was highest with value of 7.37cm(p＜0.05). It showed that Jook made of Thai rice had nonsticky properties. Lightness of Jook made of Thai rice had the highest value of 66.3(p<0.05) and yellowness of Jook made of imported rice were higher than those made of domestic rices. Yields of reducing sugar by $\beta$-amylase reaction was highest in Jook made of Korean rice harvested in 1998 and lowest in Jook made of Thai rice(p＜0.05). It showed That gelatinization of Korean rice harvested in 1998 was highest and that of Thai rice retarded. In sensory tests, Jook made of Korean rice harvested in 1997 had the highest acceptability and that made of Thai rice showed the lowest acceptability due to its strong off odor, low consistency and low smoothness in the mouth(p＜0.05) There were no significant differences between the Jook made of Korean rice harvested in 1998 and that of Chinese rice.