The public services closely related to the daily lives of the Japanese people, such as firefighting, police or primary school education, are largely financed by the local governments. As the population as a whole in Japan declines, the population in local regions are forecasted to experience particularly rapid decline in the future, and it is inevitable to reduce the cost of public services provided by the local governments to keep their financial basis sustainable. In order to provide public services to the people properly and fairly, the local governments own and utilize their public facilities, such as fire stations, police stations or primary schools. On the other hand, we have to secure the accessibility, which is the condition of accessing a facility easily in a whole local city including the high population density area and low population density area. In this paper, we propose a method of determining the number of future facilities and its facility locations in which we maintain the present accessibility. In our proposed method, we determine them comparing the accessibility measurement calculated by facility location model using the present and future population. We adopted k-centdian model as the facility location model, which can secure the accessibility in a whole local city determining the weights of both areas. We applied our proposed method to fire station in Iwaki city, Japan. The results suggested that 7 facilities would be reduced in 2064, after 50 years from 2014. Additionally, we confirmed that the future facility location had secured accessibility in both high and low population density area.

This paper deals with the no-wait flow shop scheduling problem in order to minimize the total time to complete the schedule or makespan. It is introduced a constructive heuristic which builds the production schedule from job partial sequences by using an appropriate mechanism of insertion. An extensive computational experiment has been performed to evaluate the performance of proposed heuristic. Experimental results have clearly shown that the presented heuristic provides better solutions than those from the best heuristics existing.

Design of personnel teams has been studied from diverse perspectives; the most common are the people and systems requirements perspectives. All these point of view are linked, which is the reason why it is necessary to study them simultaneously. Considering this gap, a decision making model is developed based on factors, models, and requirements mentioned in the literature. The model is applied to a real case. The findings indicate that the Personnel Behavior Based Lean model (PBBL) can be converted into a decision making model for the selection of team members. The study is focused not only on the individual candidates' knowledge, skills, and aptitudes, but also on how the model considers the company requirements, conflicts, and the importance of each person to the project.

The use of new words, numerous spoken languages, and abbreviations on the Internet is extensive. As such, automatically acquiring words for the purpose of analyzing Internet content is very difficult. In a previous study, we proposed a method for Japanese word segmentation using character N-grams. The previously proposed method is based on a simple state-transition model that is established under the assumption that the input document is described based on four states (denoted as A, B, C, and D) specified beforehand: state A represents words (nouns, verbs, etc.); state B represents statement separators (punctuation marks, conjunctions, etc.); state C represents postpositions (namely, words that follow nouns); and state D represents prepositions (namely, words that precede nouns). According to this state-transition model, based on the states applied to each pseudo-word, we search the document from beginning to end for an accessible pattern. In other words, the process of this transition detects some words during the search. In the present paper, we perform experiments based on the proposed word acquisition algorithm using Japanese and Chinese newspaper articles. These articles were obtained from Japan's Kyoto University and the Chinese People's Daily. The proposed method does not depend on the language structure. If text documents are expressed in Unicode the proposed method can, using the same algorithm, obtain words in Japanese and Chinese, which do not contain spaces between words. Hence, we demonstrate that the proposed method is language independent.

Traditional acceptance sampling plans have focused on the proportion of nonconforming items as an attribute criterion for quality. In today's modern quality management under high quality production environments, the reduction of the deviation from a target value in a quality characteristic has become the most important purpose. In consequence, various inspection plans for the purpose of reducing the deviation from the target value in the quality characteristic have been investigated. In this case, a concept of the quality loss evaluated by the deviation from the target value has been accepted as the variable evaluation criterion of quality. Further, some quality measures based on the quality loss have been devised; e.g. the process loss and the process capability index. Then, as one of inspection plans based on the quality loss, the rigorous design procedure for the variable sampling plan having desired operating characteristics (VS-OC plan) indexed by the quality loss has been proposed by Yen and Chang in 2009. By the way, since the estimator of the quality loss obeys the non-central chi-square distribution, the rigorous design procedure for the VS-OC plan indexed by the quality loss is complicated. In particular, the rigorous design procedure for the VS-OC plan requires a large number of the repetitive and complicated numerical calculation about the non-central chi-square distribution. On the other hand, an approximate design procedure for the VS-OC plan has been proposed before the proposal of the above rigorous design procedure. The approximate design procedure for the VS-OC plan has been constructed by combining Patnaik approximation relating the non-central chi-square distribution to the central chi-square distribution and Wilson-Hilferty approximation relating the central chi-square distribution to the standard normal distribution. Then, the approximate design procedure has been devised as a convenient procedure without complicated and repetitive numerical calculations. In this study, through some comparisons between the rigorous and approximate design procedures, the applicability of the approximate design procedure has been confirmed.

This study is to prepare curriculum in South Korea to train outstanding individual in the fields of Health Care Management for the global age, hospitals' administration managers, professors and students were targeted to carry out the survey and the collected questionnaires were processed with SPSS Ver. 21.0 statistic package, based on this the suitability of the current Health Care Management curriculum and postgraduate curriculum was inspected and improvement plan was deducted, and also through comparative analysis of the Health Care Management curriculum for undergraduate and postgraduate in the United Kingdom and United States, optimum improvement suggestions were made. Based on the research result, the priority to improve and consolidate from undergraduate curriculum was the strengthening of the working-level education, the most needed ability in the future is global negotiation and dispute/conflict adjustment which needs supplementation. Also, after analyzing the undergraduate curriculum of the United States and United Kingdom, it is needed that the development of the capacity to lead organizations for healthcare and subjects for the establishment of health policy should be reflected.

Companies have developed a keen interest in bolstering their CSR activities. Especially in Japan, CSR is strongly associated with social contribution and $m{\acute{e}}c{\acute{e}}nat$ activities. On the other hand, the primary purpose of companies is to provide their products and services to consumers and thereby return value to their shareholders through sales and profits. It is, however, difficult to estimate directly the relationship between CSR and sales/profits. This study focuses particularly on CSR activities related to environmental and consumer issues and community involvement and development. It is also analyzed the relationship between the degree of CSR empathy and product purchase motivation. For accomplishment the purpose, a questionnaire is designed that elicits the respondent's degree of purchase intention and empathy toward CSR activities supported through sales. The object industry for questionnaires is TV maker. For results of the questionnaire, a covariance structure analysis is conducted to understand potential relationships among CSR activities, sales, and disposable budget. Through this study, it is able to clear the relationship between CSR activities and sales/profits. It is one of the advice to future prospect, strategy and CSR concept for the companies.

In Wireless Sensor Network, various routing protocols were employed by our Research and Development community to improve the energy efficiency of a network as well as to control the traffic by considering the terms, i.e. Packet delivery rate, the average end-to-end delay, network routing load, average throughput, and total energy consumption. While maintaining network connectivity for a long-term duration, it's necessary that routing protocol must perform in an efficient way. As we discussed Optimized Link State Routing protocol between all of them, we find out that this protocol performs well in the large and dense networks, but with the decrease in network size then scalability of the network decreases. Whenever a link breakage is encountered, OLSR is not able to periodically update its routing table which may create a redundancy problem. To resolve this issue in the OLSR problem of redundancy and predict link breakage, an enhanced protocol, i.e. S-OLSR (More Scalable OLSR) protocol has been proposed. At the end, a comparison among different existing protocols, i.e. DSR, AODV, OLSR with the proposed protocol, i.e. S-OLSR is drawn by using the NS-2 simulator.

Load balancing is a significant technique to prolong a network's lifetime in sensor network. This paper introduces a hybrid approach named as Load Distributing Hybrid Routing Protocol (LDHRP) composed with a border node routing protocol (BDRP) and greedy forwarding (GF) strategy which will make the routing effective, especially in mobility scenarios. In an existing solution, because of the high network complexity, the data delivery latency increases. To overcome this limitation, a new approach is proposed in which the source node transmits the data to its respective destination via border nodes or greedily until the complete data is transmitted. In this way, the whole load of a network is evenly distributed among the participating nodes. However, border node is mainly responsible in aggregating data from the source and further forwards it to mobile sink; so there will be fewer chances of energy expenditure in the network. In addition to this, number of hop counts while transmitting the data will be reduced as compared to the existing solutions HRLBP and ZRP. From the simulation results, we conclude that proposed approach outperforms well than existing solutions in terms including end-to-end delay, packet loss rate and so on and thus guarantees enhancement in lifetime.

Automation ensures accurate and well-organized container transportation in container terminals. This paper addresses operational issues such as equipment scheduling and the coordination between various pieces of equipment in a rail-based automated container terminal. Containers are relayed using multiple types of equipment from road trucks to a vessel and vice versa. Therefore, handshaking is required during a container transfer between different pieces of equipment. Synchronization between the schedules of all the equipment is important to reduce equipment waiting times and the time required for transporting containers, which results in a short turnaround time for a vessel. This paper proposes an integrated control system with the objective of synchronizing the operations of different types of equipment, provides a list of decisions to be made by the control module of each type of equipment, and shows all the required information transfers between control modules. A scheme for the integrated scheduling of multiple types of equipment is proposed. The decisions made by each control module in a real-time fashion are listed with detailed explanations, and the information transfer between managers in a real-time situation at the proposed terminal is described.