These experiments were designed to study the influence of early protein undernutrition on growth, behaviors toward food, general attitude toward a new environment, brain size and body composition of the experimental rats. The following experimental groups were studied. Lactation period (3 weeks) (Diets of mother rats) 25% Casein diet 12% Casein diet 25% Casein diet 25% Casein diet 12% Casein diet 12% Casein diet After-weaning protein deprivation period None deprivation (25% Casein diet) None deprivation (25% Casein diet) 5% Casein diet (4 weeks) 5% Casein diet (8 weeks) 5% Casein diet (4 weeks) 5% Casein diet (8 weeks) After a long period of rehabilitation with 25% casein diet the following results were obtained. 1. Growth rate during lactation period is closely related with the protein levels of the diet for mother rats. The average body weight of offsprings of the mother rat fed 25% casein diet is 46.0 grams at 21 days old. However, that of the mother rat fed 12% casein diet is only 25.0 grams. 2. The group of protein undernutrition during lactation (S weeks) (offsprings of mother rat fed low protein diet, 12% casein diet) could never catch up with the normal group in its growth even after twenty-four (24) weeks of rehabilitation. 3. However, the groups of protein undernutrition during either four (4) or even eight (8) weeks after weaning could catch up with the normal group in their growth after long period of rehabilitation. 4. The absolute amounts of carcass protein and fat of the normal group are larger than those of the protein deficient groups. In terms of percent carcass, however, the normal group showed higher body fat and lower body protein than the early deficient groups. However, there is no difference between preweaning (3 weeks) and postweaning (8 weeks) deficient groups. It is assumed, from these differences in body composition, that there might be any differences in physiological and metabolic functions among these various groups, and also that the basic formation of various metabolic regulators (protein-nature) might be fixed mostly during lactation and postweaning period. 5. The groups of protein undernutrition during either three (3) weeks lactation or four (4) weeks after weaning are not so remarkably different from the normal group in their amounts of food intake and spillage. However, the groups of undernutrition during either eight (8) weeks postweaning or eleven (11) weeks (3 weeks lactation period plus 8 weeks postweaning period) showed higher amounts of food intake and spillage. In these respects, it seems that desire for food is closely related with the degree of early hunger in protein and also seems that the longer be deficient in early life the more food spillage is found. 6. Both preweaning and postweaning deficient groups showed generally nervous and restless. The normal group is staid and showed less mobilities. 7. The average size of the brains of the group subjected to protein deficiency during three (3) weeks lactation period is smaller than that of the group of the eight (8) weeks postweaning deficiency. This means that the development of the brain is made mostly during lactation period. The group of the eleven (11) weeks postnatal deficiency is significantly different from the normal group in its brain development. It is assumed, in connection with the results of various maze tests reported, that the brain size is closely related with the intellectual ability.

Total and esterified cholesterol content was determined in the rat administered animal and vegetable proteins for 16 weeks. The cholesterol biosynthetic activity of the liver was also measured in these rats by the $acetate-C^{14}$ incorporation rate. The results obtained were as follows. (1) Serum total cholesterol content was increased by the administration of animal proteins and decreased by that of vegetable proteins. (2) Liver cholesterol content was increased by animal proteins and decreased by at of vegetable proteins. (3) Cholesterol biosynthetic activity of the liver was increased by the animal proteins and decreased by the vegetable proteins.

To investigate the influences of physical exercises on lipid metabolism in human, serum lipids were determined in swimming, weight lifting and wrestling athletes after loading their proper exercises for certain periods of time. Atherolipid numbers were also determined in these hardly exercising athletes. Besides same time, experimental studies were carried out in rats to see the effects of high-carbohydrate, high-lipid and high-protein diets of 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks duration upon serum total cholesterol level after the physical exercises. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In studies with athletes, the serum concentration of various forms lipids and atherolipid number were increased for some periods of time by imposing physical exercises. 2. In experimental studies with rats, various dietary effect upon the serum total cholosterol level after loading physical exercises were as follow; on high-lipid diets, the serum level increased upto the 4th week and thereafter kept the same increased level until the 8th week; on high-carbohydrate diet, the level increased upto the 2nd week and extended to the 4th week with the same increased level, but somewhat decreased at the 8th week; and on the high-protein diet, the level increased upto the 2nd week, and decreased progressively from the 4th week.

여성(女性)의 노동(勞動)과 영양(營養)의 문제가 근로자의 건강과 생산성(生産性)과의 중요성이 있을 뿐만 아니라 다음 세대(世代)의 건강에까지 미치는 영향이 크다는 관점에서 1969년 8월 13일부터 8월 20일까지 1주일간(週日間) 서을 시내 소재 한 가발공장 여자 기숙사 근로자 949명(名)에 대하여 식품및 영양 섭취상태를 조사하였고 아울러 대상자의 신장및 체중을 조사하였다. 그리고 그 중(中) 임의유출법(任意油出法)에 의하여 선정된 44명(名)에 대하여 임상조사 및 생화학적 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과(結果)를 요약하면 조사대상자는 체위(體位)가 표준치(標準値)에 미달(未達)이었고 16세(歲)${\sim}$20세(歲)가 전인원(全人員)의 82%이상을 차지하고 있는 여자 근로자로서, 노동정도는 중등노동(中等勞動)에 속하였다. 급식(給食)상황에 있어서는 기초식품의 배합이 고르지 못하여 누락된 식품군이 매(每)식단마다 발견할 수 있었다. 완전영양을 위한 균형식사가 여기에 강조되어야 하겠다. 식단(食單)이 너무 단순한 탓으로 저(低)칼로리와 저(低)영양상태를 초래하고 있으며 열량, 단백질의량에 있어서도 권장량보다 부족되며 특히 동물성 단백질량이 부족된다. 그러나 단백질의 질적(質的)문제에 있어서는 비록 그 양은 적으나 75의 단백가(蛋白價)로서 비교적 양질(良質)이다. 여기서 식물성단백질에서 섭취되는 좋은 현상을 발견할수 있다. 그리고 지방질의 섭취량이 평균 1일(日) 1인당(人當) 8.8g으로 매우 적고 무기질 및 비타민의 섭취량도 모두 우리나라 권장량 보다 저치(低値)를 나타내고 있다. 임상조사(臨床調査) 및 생화학적(生化學的) 검사결과(檢査結果)에 있어서도 비타민 결핍증과 빈혈(貧血) 특히 철(鐵)결핍성 빈혈을 초래하고 있는 사실을 발견할 수 있다. 이러한 급식은 장구히 계속 된다면 근로자의 체위저하(體位低下)는 물론 작업능력 및 건강에도 악(惡)영향을 미칠 것으로 본다. 이와 같은 특수환경에 있는 대상에 대해서 앞으로 영양관리와 건강관리에 대한 채선이 시급히 요망된다고 사료되는 바이다.

This experiment was conducted from the latter part of June through the first part of October 1969 by picking up 30 among the patients hospitalized at the department of internal medicine of the Seoul National University Hospital, who were under low sodium diet fording. By applying 1,000mg sodium diet that the author invented for feeding, the result of measurement made daily on 24 hours urine sodium shows an average of 58.1 mEq/L (average 76.799mEq/24hr). The sodium restrict diet menu (Table 4 and Table 5) was made due to table for food exchange list by American Heart Association and especially the 3 and 4, sample meal plan was applicable to that of Korean.

(1) 농(農), 어(漁), 화전부락민(火田部落民)의 영양섭취상태(營養攝取狀態)를 조사(調査)하여 총섭취열량(總攝取熱量)과 총섭취단백량(總攝取蛋白量)은 어촌부락민(漁村部落民)의 경우가 가장 많았다는 사실(事實)을 알았다. (2) 총섭취단백량중(總攝取蛋白量中) 동물성단백(動物性蛋白)(육류단백)(肉類蛋白)의 찾이하는 비(比)는 화전민(火田民)이 가장 낮았다. (3) 혈액비중(血液比重), 혈청(血淸) tryptohane양등(量等)은 화전부락민(火田部落民)이 가장 낮은 값이였다. 특(特)히 혈청단백량(血淸蛋白量)과 혈청(血淸) tryptophane양(量)과의 관계(關係)에서는 유의성(有意性)인 낮은 값을 나타내고 있다. (4) 혈청단백분획(血淸蛋白分劃)에서 어촌부락민(漁村部落民)의 경우(境遇)는 Albumin, Globulin 비(比)가 매우 낮은 값을 보이고 있다. (5) Plasma Vitamine A 함량(含量)의 경우(境遇) 농재부락(農材部落)의 20세(歲) 미만 여성(女性)이 그의 결핍증세(缺乏症勢)를 보이는 사실(事實)은 지속적(持續的)인 연구(硏究) 과제(課題)라 생각(生覺)된다. 그러나 Plasma Carotene값은 오히려 높은 경향(傾向)을 보이는 것은 혈중(血中)에서 Carotene이 Vitamine A로 전환(轉換) 이용(利用)되는 일이 힘든다는 것을 의미(意味)한다. (6) 화전부락민(火田部落民)의 Urine thiamine의 양(量)이 많은 것은 저단백식(低蛋白食)과 관계(關係)가 있는 것으로 생각(生覺)된다.

생후 $40{\pm}5$ 일된 젖떨어진 Albino Rat female male 각각 30마리를 크게 Alanine(AL)과 Aminoethylphosphonic acid(AEP) group으로 나누고 각 group을 다시 각각 2 group으로 나누어 female male Alanine 0.1%, female male Alanine 0.2%와 female male AEP 0.1%, female male AEP 0.2% 합(合) 8 group으로 나누어 14 주동안 실험한 결과의 요약은 다음과 같다. 단백질 효율과 뇨중 질소배설량에 어떤 유의적인 차이가 없음으로 AEP도 다른 일반적인 Amino acid와 같은 정도로 체내에서 이용됨을 알 수 있다. AEP의 첨가로 인한 p의 이용율의 변화 유무를 판정하기 위하여 뇨중 p의 함량을 측정한 결과 모든 group사이에 유의성이 없었음으로 alanine 첨가 group에서나 AEP 첨가 group에서나 같은 정도로 체내에서 이용됨을 알 수있으나 AEP의 첨가로 인한 Dietary Phosphorus함량이 높음으로 인하여 체내 보유량이 많다는 것을 알 수 있으며 이는 blood phosphorus 함량측정을 해본 결과와 일치함을 알 수 있다. 간질소 함량을 측정하여 본 결과 AEP 첨가가 간질소 함량을 높일 수 있으며 0.2%쪽이 더 많은 양을 간에 보유할 수 있다는 것을 알았다. 간지방 함량도 간질소 함량과 같은 방향으로 나타났으며 조직 검사로 fat lumps를 발견할 수 없었으므로 AEP 첨가가 fatty liver의 요인이 될 수 없다는 것을 알 수 있다. Amino acid의 생물학적 가치와 Amino acid의 조성사이에는 현저한 관계가 있어 양적으로 충분한 단백질을 섭취한다 하더라도 섭취한 단백질이 함유하고 있는 Amino acid의 종류 및 각종 Amino acid의 비율에 따라서 소화에 현저한 차이가 있어 생물학적 기능이 다르다는 것이 Oser와 그외 여러 학자들에 의하여 보고되었다. 이 보고에 비추어 보아 0.2% diet에서 Amino acid의 장내 흡수시 imbalanced condition을 초래 한 것으로 본다.

Following the previous report (Part I: For Sea-divers and Hwa-Jeon-Min) authers have conducted another nutrition survey for Buddhists (male and female) in a temple 'Soo Duk Sa' locating in ChungNam province. The following results were obtained: 1. Cereals, green vegetables and potatoes were staple foods for the Buddhists (male and female) and no any animal foods were eaten by them during the survey period. 2. Carbohydrate intake was very high and the calorie derived from it occupied approximately 80% of tatal calorie intaken. 3. All the nutrients except carotene, niacin and iron are low in their amounts of intake. Especially, protein and riboflavin intakes are low. 4. Buddhists are prohibited to eat animal foods. Therefore, nutrition education and guidance are needed for them to supplement the protein and some other problems.