Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase(LCAT)와 cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP)은 간과 간외조직간의 혈청 cholcsterol 항상성을 유지하는데 중요한 기전인 reverse cholestrol transport system(RCT)에 매우 중요한 인자들이다. 본 연구의 목적은 RCT 기전의 식이 지질 효과를 추정하여 항 고지혈증 치료식이 연구의 중요한 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 4주의 인체대사 실험에서, 새당사 12명의 여성들은 실험 1주 전에 고 포화지질로써 적응시기를 거친 후, 각각 6명씩 high PUFA(corn oil)군과 high SFA(butter)군에 무작위로 배정되었다. Butter군은 total-34(%), esterified-(96%), $HDL_3$-(23%), LDL-(20%) 및 VLDL+LDL-(35%) cholestetol을 감소시켰다. Corn oil군은 esterified(2.5%) 및 LDL-(15%) cholesterol과 triglycerde(27%)를 감소시켰다. Corn oil과 butter fat군간의 식이 효과 차이는 total-(p=0.0001), esterified-(p=0.0001), total HDL-(p=0.005), $HDL_2$-(p=0.01) 및 LDL-(p=0.0001) cholesterol에서 유의적이다. LCAT activity는 두 군에서 변화가 없으나, 4주 후 CETP activity는 butter군에서 2.5배 증가하였다. 이는 VLDL+LDL cholesterol 농도가 butter군에서 증가한 결과와 일치한다. LCAT activity는 corn oil군에서 증가된 HDL의 apo A-I 농도와 free cholesterol과 정의 상관관계가 높은 반면, CETP activity는 total cholesterol과 LDL 및 VLDL+LDL cholesterol과 정의 상관관계가 높았다.

This study was designed to compare the effect of different dietary fats on the incidence of colorectal tumor, the level of plasma thromboxane B2(TXB2) and fatty acid profiles of platelet and colonic mucosal lipids in N - methyl - N - nitro - N - nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) - treated rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats, at 8 weeks old, were divided into 2 groups and infused intrarectally with saline(control group) or with 2mg MNNG(carcinogen-treated group) twice a week for 3 weeks. Each group was again divided into 4 groups and fed one of four diets(BT, CO, PO, FO) containing dietary fat at 9%(w/w) level for 37 weeks, Dietary fats were beef tallow(7.2%)+corn oil(1.8%) for BT, corn oil(9.0%) for CO, perilla oil(9.0%) for PO, fish oil (6.5%)+corn oil (2.5%) for FO diets. MNNG-treated rats had colonic tumor, while no tumors(adenocarcinoma and adenoma) than others. Tumor sizes in BT-MNNG rats ranged from 2mm papillary form to 15mm of polypoid. However, the size of tumors in PO-MNNG or FO-MNNG rats could not be measured by gross examination. BT-MNNG and CO-MNNG groups were higher in the level of plasma TXB2 and the ratio of c20 : 4/c20 :5 platelet. PO-MNNG groups were lower in the ratio of c20 : 4/c20 : 5(p<0.05) in fatty acid of colonic mucosal lipids suggesting that perilla oil and fish oil could reduce the level of PGE2 and TXB2 by modifying its precursor content and restrain tumor promotion in colon. Effect of perilla oil rich in $\alpha$-linolenic acid on colon carcinogenesis was similar to that of fish oil and thus perilla oil could have a protective effect against colon cancer possibly by inhibiting the production of arachidonic acid metabolite.

This study investigated the hypolipidemic and antithrombotic effects of linolenic acid derived from Korean perilla oil. The experimental rats(male, Sprague-Dawley) were divided into 5 groups using a Randomized Complete Block Design and fed one of the five following diets : DO*/O#. D4/O, D4/4, D4/8, or D4/20(D*/# represents the ratio of linoleic to linoenic acid as the percentage of total dietary energy intake) for 4 or 8 months. Bleeding time and whole blood clotting time were determined and the composition of serum and platelet lipids analyzed. Comparisons from the DO/O to the D4/20 group showed that serum lipids (total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol) gradually decreased with increasing linolenic acid intake - the hypolipidemic effect. The composition of platelet fatty acids[the ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)/arachidonci aci(AA)] increased gradually with increasing linolenic acid intake. Higher linolenic acid intake increased bleeding time and whole blood clotting time, and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA) production in the platelets, though no significant differences. These results suggest that linolenic acid derived from perilla oil appears to suppress the conversion of linoleic acid to AA and the EPA transformed from linolenic acid appears to suppress the conversion of AA to TXA2. Since TXA2 is a platelet-aggregating and vasoconstricting agent, the redulction of TXA2 released by platelets with increasing intake of perilla oil containing a lot of linolenic acid confers an antithrombotic effect.

Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a major cause of the increased morbidity and mortality assciated with diabetes mellitus. The prominent role of nutrition in hypercholesteolemia and atherosclerosis is generally accepted. Diet is a key element in the management of diabetes (type I-IDDM), yet the appropriate diet for patient with diabetes mellitus is not well known. Dietary protein has been shown to have a significant effect on plasma cholesterol levels in both experimental animals and humans. The present experiment was designed to determine the effect of the dietary protein level(20% vs 60%) on plasma glucose concentration, lipids profile, insulin and glucagon levels from non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Results showed that a high protein diet decreased triglyceride concentration in diabetic rats. Also diabetic rats fed a high protein diet were hypocholesterolemic than rats fed a control diet. There were no effects by level of protein on fasting blood glucose concentration and insulin/glucagon ratio. Results from the present study suggest that a high protein diet may be beneficial to control pasma lipids in chemically-induced diabetic rats.

S.D.rats were fed with 3.4% tyrosine supplemented diet for 5 days. Tyrosine diet had no effects on brain NE and MHPG-SO4 levels in non-stressed rats. When these animals were given 3 hr-immobilization stress, they responded in a manner that coped better to the stress. This was measured by the increase in brain MHPG-SO4 indicating the increase in norepinephrine turnover by the stressed animals. When rats were stressed, fed basal or high-tyrosine diet, brain tyrosine concentration dropped more than 26% over the non-stress control animals. 3-hr immobilization stress also decreased brain NE levels. However, while the stress resulted in a significant decrease(p<0.05) of brain NE in basal diet, the decrease was not significant in high-TYR diet group. And as the stress index, serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid concentratons also were assayed. In this study, it was found that high-TYR diet prevented the stress-induced depletion of brain NE and suppressed the rise in serum corticosterone, glucose, and free fatty acid. These results suggest that high-TYR diet increases the coping ability of body to stress.

Vitamin B-6 status parameters of mothers were assessed in relation to th condition of the infant at birth and during the neonatal period. Parameters were assessed at birth and then weekly in 18 mother-infant pairs during the neonatal period ; mothers were supplemented postnatally with 2 or 27 mg PN-HCI/d. Vitamin B-6 inadequacy in the 2mg supplemented group was suggested by the vitamin status parameters. Mothers whose infants had unsatisfactory Apgar scores at 5min after birth(<7) had lower vitamin B-6 status parameters than mothers whose infants were scored satisfactory. Also, infants who scored unsatisfactory at birth and whose mothers were supplemented with the low level of PN had significantly lower vitamin B-6 status parameters at 7 days of age than infants who scored satisfactory. Infants scored unsatisfactory showed some beneficial effects in both vitamin B-6 status and growth associated with the higher level of maternal postnatal vitamin B-6 supplement. In summary, the mother's prenatal and postnatal vitamin B-6 intake were significantly related to the condition of her infant at birth and during the neonatal period, respectively.

In order to determine the effect of iron depletion and subsequent supplementation on the muscle capacity for peroxisomal (PO) and mitochondrial(MO) $\beta$-oxidation during high fat feeding, weanling rats were fed a 44% (HF) or 2.5% (LF) fat diet with (+Fe) or without (-Fe) iron for 6 or 9 weeks. After 1 week rats fed HF+Fe or HF-Fe had 50-100% more PO and MO in heart, soleus, psoas and gastrocnemius than did rats fed low fat, but after 3 weeks rats fed HF-Fe had lower muscle PO and MO. In muscles of iron depleted rats PO and MO were not increased by supplementation with iron for 3 weeks. After 6 weeks MO and PO in skeletal muscles of rats fed HF+Fe were lower than after 3 weeks. It is concluded that adequate iron is necessary for miaximum response of muscle PO and MO to high fat feeding. However, after 6 weeks both PO and MO have returned to levels similar to those of rats fed low fat diets, hence, the elevated catalase activities seen at this time do not reflect peroxisomal $\beta$-oxidation.

사람의 혈중 셀레늄의 농도는 식품의 셀레늄 함유량과 생리적 이용도에 따른다. 그러므로 특히 토양중 셀레늄의 농도가 낮은 나라에서는 식이 형태에 따라 셀레늄의 섭취량과 혈중 셀레늄 농도의 차이를 볼 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 평균 독일 식이(average German diet)를 하는 건강한 성인 여자 175명과 wholesome nutrition을 지켜온 243명을 대상으로 셀레늄의 영양상태를 살펴보았다. 평균 독일 식이군에서 평균 전혈 셀레늄의 농도와 혈장 셀레늄의 농도는 84.79$\mu\textrm{g}$/l, 혈장 셀레늄의 농도는 75.02$\mu\textrm{g}$/l 이었고, wholesome nutrition군에서 전혈 셀레늄의 농도와 혈장 셀레늄의 농도가 각각 78.62$\mu\textrm{g}$/l 와 63.95$\mu\textrm{g}$/l로 두 식이군 간에 전혈 셀레늄 농도와 혈장 셀레늄 농도에서 모두 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 그리고 셀레늄의 혈중 농도에 영향을 주는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 BMI, 나이, 하루 식품 섭취량과의 상관 관계를 조사해 보았다. BMI와 나이는 전혈, 그리고 혈장 셀레늄 농도와 유의적인 상관관계를 찾아볼 수 없었으며, 하루 식품 섭취량과의 상관 관계에서는 wholesome nutrition군에서 전혈 셀레늄 농도에서 모두 생선 섭취량과 유의적인 상관 관계를 나타내었다.