This research examines the characteristics of incubating organizations of hi-tech ventures in the information technology industry. In particular, it attempts to investigate incubating conditions under which entrepreneurs obtain their management abilities and market information, locate business partners and prepare the prototypes of their new products. For the empirical test, three incubator organizations, two universities (Seoul National University and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ) and a government research institute (ETRI: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) are compared in terms of incubating conditions. It is found that two universities are not different in terms of lab members' demographic characteristics and their attitude towards venture creation. However, the entrepreneurial environments of incubator organizations are different between the universities and ETRI. The universities have more favorable environments than ETRI in terms of management know-how or capabilities, while ETRI has more favorable environments than the universities in terms of the information about markets, distribution channels or customers. The results of this study would provide many policy implementations to administrators of incubator organizations as well as government policy-makers in making effective venture-creation policies.

Being the new paradigm of "knowledge based economy", knowledge asset get to be the key to evaluate the firm's value. For a instance, Scandia firstly informed the intellectual capital report with its own financial statements in 1994. Some financial institutions have emphasized the roles of knowledge assets in the evaluating firm's value, too. But the concept of knowledge asset is so extensively defined that the result of evaluation is not as much reliable as financial statements. As previous studies examined the firm-specific cases, the sectoral pattern of knowledge asset has been ignored and it cause the difficulty in the empirical study. Moreover, the objectivity of study is ambiguous. Therefore, we regards knowledge asset as a technological knowledge asset. Which is related to R&D(research & development) and technology. Because this definition is more measurable than others and can play a frontier role in evaluating the knowledge asset. We extract the criteria related to the technological knowledge asset through the survey of 'Scandia' and other previous studies and add other criteria, which explain the Korean-specific environments. We gather data from "Technological Innovation"(STEPI, 1997, 1999) and "The bibliography of Korean R&D institutes"(KITA,1998) and "the survey of listed company"(Daewoo Securities, 1998. 1999). As the results of empirical study, the variables which explain the financial value of firms do not reflect the 'technological knowledge asset' well. It results from the factors as followings. Firstly, instead of stock price the proxy measurement related to 'knowledge asset' is needed. Secondly, the sample is biased to the large scale firms so we'll collect samples more broadly. Finally, the concept of 'technological knowledge asset' is too narrow to explain the value of firm. We expect the result of this empirical study gives contribution to the evaluation of firms' value more exactly.

This study deals with the knowledge acquisition activities along the growth stages of Korean ventures. This issue is very important in the three reasons. First, the target of the study-new ventures- is a pending issue and can be regarded as the engine of innovation in the Korean economy. Second, venture activities is so dynamic compared to those of the established companies and the study reflects its dynamic features. Third, the knowledge is becoming more important one among various resources, and knowledge management can be a timely issue. The main research questions are as follows : - How does the degree of knowledge domain, vary along the growth stages\ulcorner - Which knowledge domains are more influential on the performance along growth stages\ulcorner Major findings of the study are as follow: First, technological knowledge acquisition effort are most intensive at the start-up stage, while the management knowledge efforts are active at the growth stage. The degree of market knowledge acquisition efforts is almost the same along the stages. Second, the important knowledge domain, which influences on the performance, varies along the stages. The acquisition effort for product technology knowledge is more influential on the sales growth rate and has a negative effect on the return on assets at the start-up stage, while the management knowledge about administration is more influential on the return on assets at the growth stage. Finally the academic contributions and managerial implications of the study are presented and the future research directions are also suggested.

The rapid development and diversification of technology require that firms should adjust and cope with a high degree of uncertainty. An alternative to these strategic responses is the recent increase in the number of R&D or technological collaborations among firms. There have been continuous researches into the causes and effects of these collaborative relationships, but there is a lack of research that examines the risks involved in the process of collaboration. The researches into essential prerequisites for a successful technological collaboration have remained at the superficial level despite the surge in demand of R&D collaboration. Therefore, this study proposes positive & negative factors affecting the R&D collaboration process and selection point. In addition, a further step in analysis is taken by integrating both the positive & negative factors. This study emphasizes the importance of inter-trust in activating the process factors within the success factors and reducing the possibility of risk factors.

This study proposed the model of research describing the positive impact of fitness between career orientations and reward systems on the performance of R&D professionals. To prove the propositions of the model, a questionnaire survey was conducted 204 professionals in 19 R&D research institutes related with electronics and communication industries provided answers for the questionnaire. The results of the survey were summarized in the following. 1) Career orientations of R&D professionals can be categorized into three dimensions : managerial, technical/professional, and project orientation. 2) The rewards consist of four dimensions : financial, social status, job content, and professional reward. 3) The age and tenure of R&D professionals has the negative impact on the project orientation. 4) The education level of R&D professionals has the positive impact on the professional orientation. 5) The sex was found as insignificant variable career orientation. 6) The person with strong prefers social status rewards to other rewards, the professional orientation is prefer to professional rewards, and the project orientation is prefer to job content rewards. 7) For the professionals with professional and project orientation, the congruence with each reward delivered positive impact on job satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment. However it created negative impact on turnover intention and job stress.

Korea has exerted her efforts to assimilate nuclear power technology, and reportedly localized 95 percent of nuclear power technology by 1995. This paper investigates the evolution of nuclear power program in Korea to exploit the development process of the nuclear power industry and key factors for the technological localization of nuclear power plant. In developing countries, an imitative catching-up process can be shown as a course for developing the absorptive capacity of foreign technology, which depends on prior knowledge base and the intensity of effort. The process of technological learning consists of five stages including preparation, implementation of foreign technology, acquisition of peripheral technology, acquisition of core technology, and improvement f foreign technology. Moreover, this paper discusses six essential factors that have influenced the successful achievement of technological localization of nuclear power plants in Korea. They include the role and strategies of the government, the leading role of utility firm, the development and cooperation of the related organizations, the development of human resources and their efforts, market conditions and the assistance of foreign donors, and social conditions. Finally, this paper discusses about implications offered by the Korean experience for other developing countries.

In this paper, I tried to analyze the relationship between the market structure of teleommunicatin industry and market performance using Economides and Lehr's results considering composite goods methods. And I took three policy scenarios into account. First, government tires to implement the policy which divides the integrated monopoly into network operator and service provider, then invite competition to service part. Second, government tries to implement the policy which invite the competition to service part only. Third, government tries to implement the policy which invite the competition to integrated duopoly. I gained the best result in the third scenario. So we can conclude that Parallel vertical integration is the best market structure. I also specially checked the relationship between the market structure and service quality. I gained the best service quality in the third scenario. So we can conclude that Parallel Vertical Integration is also the best market structure with regard to the service quality.

Very closely related to technologies, patents, standards, and licensing interact with them, cores of technology innovation, as the technology diffusion media for technology innovation. Todays it is usually impressed that no one can face to international technology competetion environment without the strategy of patent, standardization, and licensing. In this paper, the whole configuration of technology innovation is represented including the patent, standard, licensing as these media, their basic characteristics and how they roles as technology diffusion media interacting with the technology, core of the technology innovation configuration are analyzed, and some related practical cases to be understood as the applications of these three media for technology innovation are also explained : such as IMT-2000 and CDMA technology which have been international issues currently involved in patents and standardization together, the advent of Linux operating system being the new event in the field of computer technology. Finally this paper intends to have the implicated meanings needed for national policy improvement, through appreciating the importance and the mechanism of roles of three media factors for technology innovation.

MAUT and AHP are widely used for quantification of subjective judgements in various fields of decision making. This study focuses on the introduction and application of MAUT/AHP method which is a hybrid of MAUT and AHP techniques in R&D project priority setting. This hybrid model can clarify each factors' contribution using MAUT method and can reduce the number of pairwise comparisons of AHP method. This study applies AMUT/AHP method to the evaluation of R&D projects in a Government - funded research institute. To evaluate R&D projects, six evaluation factors are derived. SMART(Simple MultiAttribute Rating Technique) and DVM(Difference Value Measurement ) out of many MAUT methods are used to design the utility function ad AHP is used to allocate the weights among evaluation factors. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the SMART/AHP and the DVM/AHP have the same results with the SMART and the DVM, and they are different results with AHP. It is very hard to decide which one is better. Second, MAUT/AHP's strength is analyzed. MAUT reflects utility values of evaluators to alternatives and AHP results objective and consistent weights of factors through pariwise comparisons. Third, its possible application fields are proposed. It is applicable to subjective decision making problems with high complexity and inter-independent factors.

With the globalization trend in S&T activities, Korean research organizations have begun to utilize foreign researchers. The performance of foreign researchers is generally regarded satisfactory, but there are many problems too. Moreover, there has not been any research carried out even though there is a growing need for the management of foreign researchers. This paper identified the performance / motivation factors of foreign researchers in Korean research organizations. The statistical results show that the efforts and research capabilities are the most important variables for performance of foreign researchers in Korean research organization. In addition, it is found out that university shows higher performance than government research institute and corporate research organization while it pays the least to the foreign researchers. It is interesting to see that the level of monetary payment is not strongly related with the performance of foreign researchers. In order to utilize the full potential of foreign researchers, it is necessary to enhance the living infrastructure. In addition, due attention should be given to the managerial capabilities of R&D administrators and evaluation/incentive systems of foreign researchers in Korean research organizations.