권호 표지

Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (KSVS)

  • Bimonthly
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  • 1229-845X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-555X(eISSN)

Domain

  • Agriculture, Fishery and Food ＞ Veterinary Science

Aim & Scope

The Journal of Veterinary Science (JVS) is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal of veterinary medicine published bimonthly in English. The Journal’s publisher is the Korean Society of Veterinary Science. The JVS aims to publish evidence-based, scientific research articles from various disciplines within veterinary medicine. The Journal welcomes original articles of general and/or global interest to readers in veterinary medicine and related fields. The JVS covers scientific and technological aspects of major fields in veterinary medicine such as veterinary biomedical sciences, veterinary pathobiology and preventive medicine, veterinary public health, veterinary clinical sciences, veterinary humanities and social sciences. The corresponding subfields are as follows: • Veterinary Biomedical Sciences: anatomy/histology, biotechnology, embryology, molecular and cellular biology, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, veterinary nutrition, and metabolism • Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine: immunology, infectious disease, pathology, microbiology, parasitology, and virology • Veterinary Public Health: environmental health, epidemiology, food safety and hygiene, meat hygiene, milk hygiene, and zoonotic disease • Veterinary Clinical Sciences: anesthesiology, animal behavior, comparative and translational medicine, dentistry, dermatology, clinical pathology, emergency and critical care, internal medicine, medical imaging, oncology, regenerative medicine, rehabilitation, ophthalmology, surgery, theriogenology, and veterinary acupuncture • Veterinary Humanities and Social Sciences: animal welfare, human and animal bonds, One Health and eco-health, veterinary economics, veterinary education, veterinary policy, and wildlife health and conservation

http://www.vetsci.org KSCI KCI SCOPUS SCI SCIE

Volume 25 Issue 5

  1. Jeong-Byoung Chae;Seung-Uk Shin;Serim Kim;Hansong Chae;Won Gyeong Kim;Joon-Seok Chae;Hyuk Song;Jung-Won Kang 59.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24148 PDF
    Importance: Despite advancements in herd management, feeding, and pharmaceutical interventions, neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) remains a major global health concern. Bacteria, viruses, and parasites are the major contributors to NCD. Although several pathogens have been identified in the Republic of Korea (ROK), the etiological agents of numerous NCD cases have not been identified. Objective: To identify, for the first time, the prevalence and impact of Boosepivirus (BooV) on calf diarrhea in the ROK. Methods: Here, the unknown cause of calf diarrhea was determined using metagenomics We then explored the prevalence of certain pathogens, including BooV, that cause NCD. Seventy diarrheal fecal samples from Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) calves were analyzed using reverse transcriptase and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for pathogen detection and BooV isolate sequencing. Results: The complete genome of BooV was detected from unknown causes of calf diarrhea. And also, BooV was the most frequently detected pathogen (35.7%) among 8 pathogens in 70 diarrheic feces from Hanwoo calves. Co-infection analyses indicated that most BooV-positive samples were solely infected with BooV, indicating its significance in NCD in the ROK. All isolates were classified as BooV B in phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions and Relevance: This is the first study to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of BooV in calf diarrhea in the ROK, highlighting the potential importance of BooV as a causative agent of calf diarrhea and highlighting the need for further research on its epidemiology and pathogenicity.
  2. William T Harrison;J Mark Cline;David L Caudell;Hillary F Huber;Carol A Shively;Thomas C Register;Suzanne Craft;Jason D Struthers 60.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24080 PDF
    Importance: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly with the incidence rising exponentially after the age of 65 years. Unfortunately, effective treatments are extremely limited and definite diagnosis can only be made at autopsy. This is in part due to our limited understanding of the complex pathophysiology, including the various genetic, environmental, and metabolic contributing factors. In an effort to better understand this complex disease, researchers have employed nonhuman primates as translational models. Case Presentation: This report aims to describe the AD-like neuropathology in the brain of a 37-year-old female baboon (Papio hamadryas), which at the time of her death made her the oldest hamadryas baboon at any member institution of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. A diagnostic necropsy was performed, and the brain was evaluated for neurodegenerative disease. Frequent amyloid-β deposits were identified, consistent with what has been described in other geriatric nonhuman primates. Phospho-tau pathology, including neurofibrillary tangles, a feature not well-described in other primate models, was also abundant. Conclusions and Relevance: Our results suggest that more detailed, prospective, longitudinal studies are warranted utilizing this particular species to see if they represent a viable model for human brain aging.
  3. Xujie Duan;Xiaona Shi;Pei Zhang;Xiaoyue Du;Sixu Chen;Liang Zhang;Huiping Li;Yufei Zhang;Jinling Wang;Yulin Ding;Shuying Liu 61.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24158 PDF
    Importance: Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) and maedi-visna disease (MVD) are chronic and progressive infectious diseases in sheep caused by Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and maedi-visna virus (MVV), respectively. Objective: To investigate the pathological changes and conduct viral gene analysis of OPA and MVD co-occurrence in Inner Mongolia, China. Methods: Using gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructural pathology, PCR, and sequence analysis, we investigated the concurrent infection of JSRV and MVV in 319 Dorper rams slaughtered in a private slaughterhouse in Inner Mongolia, in 2022. Results: Of the 319 rams included, 3 showed concurrent JSRV and MVV infection. Gross lung pathology showed diffuse enlargement, consolidation, and greyish-white miliary nodules on the lung surface; the trachea was filled with a white foamy fluid; hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were significantly enlarged. Histopathology results revealed typical OPA and MVD lesions in the lung tissue. Immunohistochemical results were positive for JSRV envelope protein (Env) in the tumor cells and MVV CA in alveolar macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy showed several virions and autophagosomes in the lung tissue, severely damaged mitochondria, and the induced mitophagy. Nucleotide sequences obtained for JSRV env and MVV gag showed the highest homology with the Inner Mongolian strains of JSRV env (JQ837489) and MVV gag (MW248464). Conclusions and Relevance: Our study confirmed that OPA and MVD co-occurrence and identified the pathological changes in Inner Mongolia, China, thereby providing references for the identification of concurrent JSRV and MVV infections.
  4. Zulqarnain Baqar;Nuananong Sinwat;Rangsiya Prathan;Rungtip Chuanchuen 62.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24074 PDF
    Importance: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health threat. AMR bacteria and their resistance determinants in food can be transmitted to humans through the food chain and by direct contact and disseminate directly to the environment. Objective: This study examined the AMR characteristics and transferable R plasmids in Escherichia coli isolated from meat ducks raised in an open-house system. Methods: One hundred seventy-seven (n = 177) commensal E. coli were examined for their antimicrobial susceptibilities and horizontal resistance transfer. The plasmids were examined by PCR-based plasmid replicon typing (PBRT) and plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST). Results: The highest resistance rate was found against ampicillin (AMP, 83.0%) and tetracycline (TET, 81.9%), and most isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR) (86.4%). The R plasmids were conjugally transferred when TET (n = 4), AMP (n = 3), and chloramphenicol (n = 3) were used as a selective pressure. The three isolates transferred resistance genes either in AMP or TET. The blaCTX-M1 gene resided on conjugative plasmids. Five replicon types were identified, of which Inc FrepB was most common in the donors (n = 13, 38.4%) and transconjugants (n = 16, 31.2%). Subtyping F plasmids revealed five distinct replicons combinations, including F47:A-:B- (n = 2), F29:A-:B23 (n = 1), F29:A-:B- (n = 1), F18:A-B:- (n = 1), and F4:A-:B- (n = 1). The chloramphenicol resistance was significantly correlated with the other AMR phenotypes (p < 0.05). Conclusions and Relevance: The meat ducks harbored MDR E. coli and played an important role in the environmental dissemination of AMR bacteria and its determinants. This confirms AMR as a health issue, highlighting the need for routine AMR monitoring and surveillance of meat ducks.
  5. Sun Mi Gu;Eunchong Hong;Sowoon Seo;Sanghyeon Kim;Seong Shoon Yoon;Hye Jin Cha;Jaesuk Yun 63.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23325 PDF
    Importance: Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis enzyme associated with the function of other neurotransmitter receptors, such as the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and cannabinoid receptor 1. However, the role of GAD67 in the development of different abused drug-induced reward behaviors remains unknown. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of substance use disorder, it is crucial to study changes in biomarkers within the brain's reward circuit induced by drug use. Objective: The study was designed to examine the effects of the downregulation of GAD67 expression in the dorsal striatum on reward behavior development. Methods: We evaluated the effects of GAD67 knockdown on depression-like behavior and anxiety using the forced swim test and elevated plus maze test in a mouse model. We further determined the effects of GAD67 knockdown on ketamine- and JWH-018-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Results: Knockdown of GAD67 in the dorsal striatum of mice increased depression-like behavior, but it decreased anxiety. Moreover, the CPP score on the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine was increased by GAD67 knockdown, whereas the administration of JWH-018, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, did not affect the CPP score in the GAD67 knockdown mice group compared with the control group. Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest that striatal GAD67 reduces GABAergic neuronal activity and may cause ketamine-induced NMDA receptor inhibition. Consequently, GAD67 downregulation induces vulnerability to the drug reward behavior of ketamine.
  6. Sully Lee;Kyoung-Won Seo;Urs Giger;Min-Ok Ryu 64.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24160 PDF
    Importance: This is the first reported case of fragrance products-induced recurrent oxidative hemolytic anemia in a dog, detailing the successful therapeutic approach employed. Case Presentation: A 4-year-old intact female Pomeranian dog presented with brown tongue, pigmenturia, peripheral edema, and vomiting. Blood smears revealed a high count of eccentrocytes and Heinz bodies, along with a precipitous decline in packed cell volume and an increase in blood methemoglobin levels, suggesting an oxidative hemolytic crisis. This clinicopathological pattern recurred several times after the patient returned home. Antioxidants, methylene blue, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, and blood transfusion were successfully employed to address recurrent hemolytic anemia; however, oxidative hemolytic crises recurred. After the owner removed exposure to various home remedies and fragrances, the clinical signs and hemolytic crises did not recur. Conclusions and Relevance: Recurring oxidative hemolytic crises should raise suspicions of environmental toxicity, which, although harmless in small quantities to humans, can be devastating to small-breed dogs. In addition to removing the causative agents, methylene blue and other antioxidants, along with HBO, may be beneficial in the acute management of oxidative hemolytic anemia.
  7. Roberta Chaya Tawie Tingga;Millawati Gani;Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan;Nor Rahman Aifat;Ikki Matsuda;Badrul Munir Md-Zain 65.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23312 PDF
    Importance: Recent developments in genetic analytical techniques have enabled the comprehensive analysis of gastrointestinal symbiotic bacteria as a screening tool for animal health conditions, especially the endangered gibbons at the National Wildlife Rescue Centre (NWRC). Objective: High-throughput sequencing based on 16S ribosomal RNA genes was used to determine the baseline gut bacterial composition and identify potential pathogenic bacteria among three endangered gibbons housed in the NWRC. Methods: Feces were collected from 14 individuals (Hylobates lar, n = 9; Hylobates agilis, n = 4; and Symphalangus syndactylus, n = 1) from March to November 2022. Amplicon sequencing were conducted by targeting V3-V4 region. Results: The fecal microbial community of the study gibbons was dominated by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (phylum level), Prevotellaceae and Lachnospiraceae/Muribaculaceae (family level), and Prevotella (and its subgroups) (genera level). This trend suggests that the microbial community composition of the study gibbons differed insignificantly from previously reported conspecific or closely related gibbon species. Conclusions and Relevance: This study showed no serious health problems that require immediate attention. However, relatively low alpha diversity and few potential bacteria related to gastrointestinal diseases and streptococcal infections were detected. Information on microbial composition is essential as a guideline to sustain a healthy gut condition of captive gibbons in NWRC, especially before releasing this primate back into the wild or semi-wild environment. Further enhanced husbandry environments in the NWRC are expected through continuous health monitoring and increase diversity of the gut microbiota through diet diversification.
  8. Bohye Kim;Sungwoong Jang;Hyewon Jang;Joong-Sun Kim;Tae-Il Jeon;Jun-Gyu Park;In-Sik Shin;Kyoung-Oh Cho;Changjong Moon 66.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24179 PDF
    Importance: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) binds to particular cell surface receptors to penetrate cells. The virus specifically identifies certain carbohydrate structures present on the surface of the cell to facilitate the binding process. Nevertheless, the influence of viral infections on specific alterations of glycoconjugates in the small intestines remains unexplored. Objective: This work aimed to examine the alterations in glycoconjugates in the small intestines of piglets naturally infected with PEDV using lectin histochemistry. Methods: Six piglets including three PEDV-infected and three non-infected piglets were evaluated. Small intestinal samples were histopathologically examined, and lectin histochemistry was performed. Results: Piglets infected with PEDV had significant histological abnormalities in their small intestines, such as pronounced villous atrophy, varying degrees of villous fusion, and diverse mucosal alterations. Specific regions of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum showed discernible variations in glycoconjugate distribution, as determined by lectin histochemistry. Compared with the controls, the PEDV-infected piglets showed significant changes in N-acetylglucosamine- and galactose-binding lectins (particularly wheat germ agglutinin and Arachis hypogaea (peanut) agglutinin) in multiple intestinal regions. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings can enhance understanding of how viruses such as PEDV impact the glycoconjugate composition of the small intestines and emphasize the potential connection between the pathogenesis of PEDV and glycoconjugate.
  9. Bo-Youn Moon;Md. Sekendar Ali;Seunghoe Kim;Hee-Seung Kang;Ye-Ji Kang;Jae-Myung Kim;Dong-Chan Moon;Suk-Kyung Lim 67.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24164 PDF
    Importance: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are emerging as a global public health risk. Therefore, assessing the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CRE) in both humans and animals is important. Objective: We aimed to ascertain the occurrence and characteristics of CRE isolated from companion animals, dogs and cats. Methods: E. coli strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the broth microdilution technique. Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis. The molecular characteristics of CRE were determined using multi-locus sequence typing, replicon typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: In total, 13 CRE isolates (0.13%) were identified from dogs possessing blaNDM-5 along with β-lactamase genes, mostly blaCMY-2 (92.2%) and blaTEM-1 (53.8%). The commonly observed mutations were S83L and D87N in gyrA, S80I in parC, and S458A in parE. CRE carried non-beta-lactam resistance genes, with the majority being tet(B) (100%), sul (84.6%), and aac(3)-II (53.8%). Nine different PFGE patterns (P1-P9), IncX3-type plasmids (69.2%), and ST410 (84.6%) were predominantly detected. Conclusions and Relevance: This investigation provides significant insight into the prevalence and molecular characteristics of blaNDM-5-carrying E. coli in dogs. The co-existence of blaNDM-5 and other antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli potentially poses severe health hazards to humans.
  10. Ju-Hui Seo;Woo Keyoung Kim;Kyu-Won Kang;Seoyun Lee;Byung-Jae Kang 68.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24147 PDF
    Importance: A relatively new therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis (OA), polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), shows potential in treating human OA due to its regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, studies on PDRN for canine OA are limited, and no study has investigated their use with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) conventionally used for OA treatment. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of PDRN and explore its combined effect with adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AdMSCs) in treating canine OA. Methods: To study the impact of PDRN, canine chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and AdMSCs were exposed to various PDRN concentrations, and viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8. The OA model was created by treating chondrocytes and synoviocytes with lipopolysaccharide, followed by treatment under three different conditions: PDRN alone, AdMSCs alone, and a combination of PDRN and AdMSCs. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms were investigated by quantitatively assessing pro-inflammatory cytokines, collagen degradation markers, adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A), and nuclear factor-kappa B. Results: PDRN alone and combined with AdMSCs significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and collagen degradation markers in an OA model. PDRN promoted AdMSC proliferation and upregulated ADORA2A expression. AdMSCs exhibited comprehensive anti-inflammatory effects through paracrine effects, and both substances reduced inflammatory gene expression through different mechanisms, potentially enhancing therapeutic effects. Conclusions and Relevance: The results indicate that PDRN is a safe and effective anti-inflammatory material that can be used independently or as an adjuvant for AdMSCs. Although additional research is necessary, this study is significant because it provides a foundation for future research at the cellular level.
  11. Meejung Ahn 69.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24212 PDF
    Importance: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)-like neuropathy mimics the leading cause of sporadic acute nontraumatic limb paralysis in individuals from developed countries. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is an animal model of GBS and of syndromes such as acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, seen in dogs and cats. Objective: The involvement of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, a pro-inflammatory molecule, in rat EAN is not fully understood. This study evaluated the potential role of GSK-3β in EAN through its inhibition by lithium. Methods: Lewis rats were injected with SP26 antigen to induce EAN. Lithium was administered from 1 day before immunization to day 14 post-immunization (PI). Then the rats were euthanized and their neural tissues were prepared for histological and Western blotting analyses. Results: Lithium, an inhibitor of GSK-3, significantly ameliorated EAN paralysis in rats, when administered from day 1 to day 14 PI. This corresponded with reduced inflammation in the sciatic nerves of EAN rats, where phosphorylation of GSK-3β was also upregulated, indicating suppression of GSK-3. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that lithium, an inhibitor of GSK-3β, plays a significant role in ameliorating rat EAN paralysis, by suppressing GSK-3β and its related signals in EAN-affected sciatic nerves.
  12. Hayatuddeen Bako Aliyu;Tasiu Mallam Hamisu;Mohd Hair-Bejo;Abdul Rahman Omar;Aini Ideris 70.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23297 PDF
    Importance: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral poultry disease that vaccination can control. Objective: This study examined the immune protection of immune-complex (Vaccine A) and attenuated live (Vaccine B) IBD vaccines in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against a novel Malaysian variant IBD virus (vaIBDV) challenge. Methods: One-day-old (n =75) SPF chickens were divided randomly into the following three groups of 25 chicks each: Control, Vaccine A, and Vaccine B groups. The vaIBDV strain, UPM1432/2019, was used for the challenge at 21 and 28days post-vaccination (dpv). Five birds from unchallenged and challenged groups were sacrificed seven days post-challenge, and blood, bursa, spleen, and cloacal swabs were collected. The IBD antibodies (Abs), lymphoid lesions, and viral load were determined. Results: The UPM1432/2019 virus induced bursal damage in vaccinated SPF chickens despite Ab titers. The mean Ab titers of the Vaccine A challenged group were significantly lower (p < 0.002) than in the unchallenged group at 28 dpv. The bursal indices of the vaccinated unchallenged groups did not differ significantly from those of the vaccinated challenged groups (p = 0.94). Microscopically, the bursae of the challenged groups showed significant atrophy. The bursal lesion score was higher (p < 0.05) in the control and Vaccine B challenged groups than the Vaccine A challenged group. The challenged group had a higher viral load than the vaccinated groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions and Relevance: Neither vaccine fully protected against a vaIBDV challenge, highlighting the limitations of current vaccines and the need for further research.
  13. Kichang Lee;Heungshik S. Lee;Seong Mok Jeong;Jongil Kang;Seungjoon Kim;Jin-Young Chung;Sang-Soep Nahm;Pan Dong Ryu 71.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24129 PDF
    Importance: Developing clinical skills is an essential element of veterinary education to ensure the competency of veterinary graduates. Although the Korean Veterinary Education Graduation Competencies were established in 2016, reflecting domestic needs and international trends in competency-based veterinary education, they have yet to be implemented in Korean veterinary education. Objective: This study aimed to establish the basic veterinary clinical skills required to ensure graduates of Korean veterinary universities have the day-one competency to independently perform their professional duties. Methods: The Education Committee of the Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, composed of veterinary school professors and an experienced veterinarian in the clinic, reviewed domestic and international veterinary education-related materials to define basic clinical skills. Results: The Korean Veterinarian Entrustable Professional Activities (KVEPA) was introduced, followed by the subsequent development of 54 essential clinical skills based on the KVEPA. Conclusions and Relevance: The veterinary basic clinical skills established through this study can be used as a specific guide for clinical education in Korean veterinary school, and is expected to play an important role in meeting the needs of the educational sector of the veterinary education accreditation standards.
  14. Semiha Yalcin;Arzu Ozgen;Metehan Simsir 72.1
    https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24032 PDF
    Importance: Identifying bovine mastitis agents using molecular methods to reveal their phylogenetic relationships and antimicrobial resistance profiles is essential for developing up-to-date databases in mastitis cases that cause severe economic losses. Objective: This study examined bacterial mastitis agents in cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis observed in various dairy cattle farms to reveal their phylogenetic relationships and antibiotic resistance properties. Methods: Sixty-two clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis milk samples were collected from 15 dairy farms. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene regions of the bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from sequencing include the V4-V6 regions. The strains were compared using a similarity analysis method that produced phylogenetic trees using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis 11 program. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Sixty-three bacteria were isolated and identified in this study. The most isolated bacteria from all mastitis cases were Staphylococcus spp. (30.2%), Escherichia coli (25.4%), Streptococcus spp. (14.3%), and Aerococcus spp. (7.9%), respectively. The phylogenetic trees were drawn from the 16S rRNA sequences. Some of these bacteria showed resistance to different types of antibiotics at varying rates. Conclusions and Relevance: The bacteria isolated in this study originated from environmental sources. Regular cleaning of barns and proper hygiene practices are essential. Regular screenings for mastitis should be conducted in herds instead of the random or empirical use of antibiotics.