초록
조선왕릉 봉분 61기의 크기 변화를 분석하고, 봉분 입면의 형태미에 대한 인식을 고찰한 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조선왕릉 봉분의 조성 당시 지름은 7.08~10.78m로, 세 가지 유형 중에서 격식을 갖춘 병풍석형 봉분은 대형, 무석물형은 소형이 많고 난간석형 봉분은 크기가 다양하였다. 둘째, 조선 당대에도 관리로 인하여 봉분 형태가 바뀌었으며, 현재 봉분의 지름은 7.30~16.70m까지 늘어나고 입면도 변형되었다. 셋째, 조성 당시와 비교하여 난간석형과 무석물형 봉분의 지름은 대부분 증가한 양상을 보이는데 병풍석형 봉분 중에는 지름이 줄어든 경우가 있었다. 넷째, 병풍석형 봉분의 높이 변화가 작은 반면, 나머지 두 유형은 변화 폭이 컸는데, 이는 봉분 지름의 변화와 동일한 맥락으로 이해된다. 다섯째, 「개수도감의궤」에 묘사한 봉분 입면은 수치로 기록된 정보보다 높다는 사실에서 조선시대 이상적인 봉분에 대한 인식을 확인하였다. 여섯째, 문화재청 근무자들은 전문가 집단보다 다양한 봉분들을 이상적인 형태로 선택하였으며, 문화재청 근무자들이 가장 많이 선택한 봉분은 전문가 집단이 선택한 봉분보다 높이가 낮아 관리의 용이성을 나타낸 반면, 전문가 집단은 높이가 높고 상부가 둥그스름한 형태의 봉분을 선호하였다.
The following are the results of this study, which examined changes in the size of the burial mounds of the 61 Joseon Dynasty royal tombs and the perception of the formative aesthetics of the burial mounds' elevations. First, the diameter of the burial mounds of the Joseon Dynasty royal tombs at the time of their construction was 7.08 to 10.78m. Among the three types of burial mounds, the formal burial mounds with a folding screen-like stonework were large, the burial mounds without stonework were mostly small, and the burial mounds with railing stone-like stonework varied in size. Second, the highly intensive management and repair activities from the Joseon Dynasty to today changed the size and shape of burial mounds. As a result, the size of the burial mounds is now 7.30 to 16.70m. Third, compared to the construction time, the diameters of most of the burial mounds with railing stone-like stonework and without stonework mostly increased. At the same time, there were cases where the diameter of the burial mounds with folding screen-like stonework decreased. Fourth, while the change in the height of the burial mounds with a folding screen-like stonework was small, that of the other two types was large, which is deemed to be in the same direction as the change in the burial mound diameter. Fifth, the perception of the ideal burial mound during the Joseon Dynasty was confirmed because the elevation of the burial mound described in 「Gaesu Dogam Uigwe (Renovation Office Protocol)」 is higher than the information recorded in numbers. Sixth, the Cultural Heritage Administration's managers chose more diverse burial mounds as ideal shapes than the expert group. The burial mounds most frequently selected by the Cultural Heritage Administration staff were lower in height than those selected by the expert group, showing a managerial tendency. In contrast, the expert group preferred the shape of the burial mounds with a high height and a rounded top.