Tunnel and Underground Space (터널과지하공간)

Korean Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (한국암반공학회)
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Preliminary Study on Candidate Host Rocks for Deep Geological Disposal of HLW Based on Deep Geological Characteristics

국내 심부 지질특성 연구를 통한 고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분 후보 암종 선행연구

  • Dae-Sung Cheon (Geology & Space Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kwangmin Jin (Geology & Space Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Joong Ho Synn (Geology & Space Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • You Hong Kihm (Geology & Space Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Seokwon Jeon (Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 천대성 (한국지질자원연구원 국토우주지질연구본부) ;
  • 진광민 (한국지질자원연구원 국토우주지질연구본부) ;
  • 신중호 (한국지질자원연구원 국토우주지질연구본부) ;
  • 김유홍 (한국지질자원연구원 국토우주지질연구본부) ;
  • 전석원 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부)
  • Received : 2023.10.06
  • Accepted : 2024.01.08
  • Published : 2024.02.29
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Abstract

In general, high-level radioactive waste (HLW) generated as a result of nuclear power generation should be disposed within the country. Determination of the disposal site and host rock for HLW deep geological repository is an important issue not only scientifically but also politically, economically, and socially. Considered host rock types worldwide for geological disposal include crystalline rocks, sedimentary rocks, volcanic rocks, and salt dome. However, South Korea consists of various rock types except salt dome. This paper not only analyzed the geological and rock mechanical characteristics on a nationwide scale with the preliminary results on various rock type studies for the disposal host rock, but also reviewed the characteristics and possibility of various rock types as a host rock through deep drilling surveys. Based on the nationwide screening for host rock types resulted from literature review, rock distributions, and detailed case studies, Jurassic granites and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks (Jinju and Jindong formations) were derived as a possible candidate host rock types for the geological disposal. However, since the analyzed data for candidate rock types from this study is not enough, it is suggested that the disposal rock type should be carefully determined from additional and detailed analysis on disposal depth, regional characteristics, multidisciplinary investigations, etc.

원자력발전에 따라 필수적으로 발생하는 고준위방사성폐기물은 원자력발전이 시행된 나라 내 처분이 원칙이다. 고준위방사성폐기물의 심층처분을 위한 처분 지역과 모암의 결정은 과학적 방법뿐만 아니라 정치, 경제, 사회적으로 중요한 이슈이다. 현재까지 전 세계적으로 처분 모암으로 고려되는 암종은 결정질암, 퇴적암인 이암, 화산암인 응회암, 암염 등이 있다. 그러나 국내의 경우 지질학적으로 암염을 제외한 다양한 암종이 복잡하게 분포하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 고준위방사성페기물처분장의 처분 모암에 대한 다양한 암종 연구의 예비결과와 함께 전국규모의 지질학적, 암석역학적 특성을 분석하였을 뿐만 아니라, 후보 암종에 대한 심부 시추조사 사례들을 통하여 특성을 검토하고 처분 모암으로서 다양한 암종들의 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다. 또한 전국규모의 광역적 특성 분석, 문헌 조사, 상세 사례분석 등을 통하여 고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분을 위한 후보 암종으로 결정질암인 쥐라기 화강암과 백악기 퇴적암 중진주층과 진동층을 도출하였다. 그러나 본 논문에서 도출된 후보 암종들에 대해 연구된 자료의 양이 적기 때문에 처분심도, 지역적 특성, 다학제적인 검토 등에 대한 추가적이고 상세한 분석이 수행된 후 신중히 처분 암종이 결정되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 산업통상자원부(MOTIE)와 한국에너지기술평가원(KETEP)의 지원을 받아 수행한 연구과제입니다 (No. 2021171020001C). 그리고 논문을 세밀히 검토하여 유익한 조언을 해주신 익명의 심사위원분들에게도 감사를 드립니다.

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