Biomolecules & Therapeutics

The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology (한국응용약물학회)
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6-Shogaol, an Active Ingredient of Ginger, Improves Intestinal and Brain Abnormalities in Proteus Mirabilis-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model

  • Eugene Huh (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Jin Gyu Choi (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yujin Choi (Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • In Gyoung Ju (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Dongjin Noh (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Dong-yun Shin (College of Pharmacy, Gachon University) ;
  • Dong Hyun Kim (Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Hi-Joon Park (Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Myung Sook Oh (Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
  • Received : 2023.05.19
  • Accepted : 2023.05.30
  • Published : 2023.07.01
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Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) which has various pathological mechanisms, recently, it is attracting attention to the mechanism via microbiome-gut-brain axis. 6-Shogaol, a representative compound of ginger, have been known for improving PD phenotypes by reducing neuroinflammatory responses. In the present study, we investigated whether 6-shogaol and ginger attenuate degeneration induced by Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) on the intestine and brain, simultaneously. C57BL/6J mice received P. mirabilis for 5 days. Ginger (300 mg/kg) and 6-shogaol (10 mg/kg) were treated by gavage feeding for 22 days including the period of P. mirabilis treatment. Results showed that 6-shogaol and ginger improved motor dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal death induced by P. mirabilis treatment. In addition, they suppressed P. mirabilis-induced intestinal barrier disruption, pro-inflammatory signals such as toll-like receptor and TNF-α, and intestinal α-synuclein aggregation. Moreover, ginger and 6-shogaol significantly inhibited neuroinflammation and α-synuclein in the brain. Taken together, 6-shogaol and ginger have the potential to ameliorate PD-like motor behavior and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons induced by P. mirabilis in mice. Here, these findings are meaningful in that they provide the first experimental evidence that 6-shogaol might attenuate PD via regulating gut-brain axis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education [NRF-2018R1D1A1B07048099] and grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government [2022M3A9B6017813].

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