Nuclear Engineering and Technology

Korean Nuclear Society (한국원자력학회)
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Degradation of thin carbon-backed lithium fluoride targets bombarded by 68 MeV 17O beams

  • Y.H. Kim (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University) ;
  • B. Davids (TRIUMF) ;
  • M. Williams (TRIUMF) ;
  • K.H. Hudson (TRIUMF) ;
  • S. Upadhyayula (TRIUMF) ;
  • M. Alcorta (TRIUMF) ;
  • P. Machule (TRIUMF) ;
  • N.E. Esker (TRIUMF) ;
  • C.J. Griffin (TRIUMF) ;
  • J. Williams (TRIUMF) ;
  • D. Yates (TRIUMF) ;
  • A. Lennarz (TRIUMF) ;
  • C. Angus (Department of Physics, University of York) ;
  • G. Hackman (TRIUMF) ;
  • D.G. Kim (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University) ;
  • J. Son (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University) ;
  • J. Park (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • K. Pak (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University) ;
  • Y.K. Kim (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University)
  • Received : 2022.08.24
  • Accepted : 2022.10.28
  • Published : 2023.03.25
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Abstract

To analyze the cause of the destruction of thin, carbon-backed lithium fluoride targets during a measurement of the fusion of 7Li and 17O, we estimate theoretically the lifetimes of carbon and LiF films due to sputtering, thermal evaporation, and lattice damage and compare them with the lifetime observed in the experiment. Sputtering yields and thermal evaporation rates in carbon and LiF films are too low to play significant roles in the destruction of the targets. We estimate the lifetime of the target due to lattice damage of the carbon backing and the LiF film using a previously reported model. In the experiment, elastically scattered target and beam ions were detected by surface silicon barrier (SSB) detectors so that the product of the beam flux and the target density could be monitored during the experiment. The areas of the targets exposed to different beam intensities and fluences were degraded and then perforated, forming holes with a diameter around the beam spot size. Overall, the target thickness tends to decrease linearly as a function of the beam fluence. However, the thickness also exhibits an increasing interval after SSB counts per beam ion decreases linearly, extending the target lifetime. The lifetime of thin LiF film as determined by lattice damage is calculated for the first time using a lattice damage model, and the calculated lifetime agrees well with the observed target lifetime during the experiment. In experiments using a thin LiF target to induce nuclear reactions, this study suggests methods to predict the lifetime of the LiF film and arrange the experimental plan for maximum efficiency.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Rare Isotope Science Project of the Institute for Basic Science funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the NRF of Korea (2013M7A1A1075764). The authors acknowledge the support and assistance provided by the faculty of the Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Engineering, Hanyang University. The authors acknowledge the generous support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. TRIUMF receives federal funding via a contribution agreement through the National Research Council of Canada.

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