Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Yearly Occurrence of Thrips Infesting Hot Pepper in Greenhouses and Differential Damages of Dominant Thrips

시설 고추재배지 총채벌레 연중 발생 및 주요 총채벌레의 차등 해충성

  • Kim, Chulyoung (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Choi, Duyeol (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Lee, Donghyun (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Khan, Falguni (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Kwon, Gimyon (Bio Utilization Institute) ;
  • Ham, Eunhye (Institute for Bioresources, Osangkinsect Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Jungjoon (Department of Plant Medicine, Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kil, Eui-Joon (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Yonggyun (Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University)
  • Received : 2022.01.18
  • Accepted : 2022.05.17
  • Published : 2022.06.01
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Abstract

Andong is a place to culture the great amount of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Korea. This study reports a yearly occurrence (March 31~October 25, 2021) of thrips infesting the hot pepper in Andong. Thrips caught to yellow sticky traps were diagnosed by morphological characters and showed two dominant species: Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa. During this period, a total of 107,874 thrips were caught and included F. occidentalis at about 82%, F. intonsa at about 17%, and the other thrips at about 0.3%. There were two main peaks at May~June and at September~October, respectively, in which the total number of thrips was higher in the second peak and most were F. occidentalis. Interestinly, a low level of thrips occurred during July~August was observed and explained by their susceptibility to high temperatures. A laboratory experiment by exposing thrips to high temperatures showed that thrips were susceptible to temperatures higher than 35℃ and not tolerant to 45℃ for 1 h. Indeed, high temperatures higher than 45℃ were recorded in the greenhouses in Andong during July~August. F. occidentalis was more tolerant to the high temperatures than F. intonsa. On the other hand, the thrips showed the highest occurrence peak at July~August in hot pepper-culturing greenhouse in Kangwon, where the average temperatures were mostly lower than those of Andong and no high temperatures higher than 45℃ were recorded during July~August. A viral disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was observed in the hot peppers cultured in Andong greenhouses. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the virus along with identification of thrips. With a high record of about 30%, the virus-infected thrips were detected during all the monitoring period. The virulent thrips were identified to be only F. intonsa. These results suggest that F. occidentalis gives a direct damage especially during harvesting period with their high populations while F. intonsa gives indirect damage by transmitting TSWV.

전국 최대 규모의 고추(Capsicum annuum L.) 재배지는 안동이다. 이 지역을 중심으로 본 연구는 시설재배지 고추를 가해하는 총채벌레의 연중(2021년 3월 31일~10월25일) 발생을 보고한다. 황색트랩을 이용하여 포획한 총채벌레를 유관으로 동정한 결과 꽃노랑총채벌레(Frankliniella occidentalis)와 대만총채벌레(F. intonsa)가 우점종으로 나타났다. 전체 포획충은 107,873마리였으며 이 가운데 꽃노랑총채벌레가 약 82%, 대만총채벌레가 약 17% 그리고 기타 총채벌레가 약 0.3%를 차지하였다. 연중 전체적으로 2회 총채벌레 발생 피크를 보였다. 첫 번째 발생피크는 5-6월에 나타났고, 두 번째 발생 피크는 9월 이후에 일어났다. 발생규모는 첫번째보다는 두 번째 발생 피크에서 높았으며 대부분은 꽃노랑총채벌레가 차지하였다. 흥미롭게 7-8월에 이들 총채벌레의 발생이 매우 낮았는데 이들 주요 총채벌레가 고온에 대한 높은 감수성으로 기인되었다. 실내 고온 노출실험은 총채벌레들이 35℃ 이상에서 고온 감수성을 보여 45℃에서는 1시간 노출을 견디지 못하였다. 실제로 안동지역 7-8월 시설재배지는 최고온도가 45℃ 이상을 기록하였다. 이 가운데 꽃노랑총채벌레가 대만총채벌레에 비해 낮은 고온 감수성을 보였다. 반면에 안동에 비해 기온이 낮은 강원지역의 시설 고추 재배지에서는 7-8월에 오히려 최대 총채벌레 발생피크를 나타냈으며, 이 시기 최고온도는 45℃ 이하를 기록하였다. 조사한 안동지역 고추에서는 TSWV (tomato spotted wilt virus)에 의해 발병되는 바이러스병이 발생하였다. 다중 PCR 검정법으로 이 바이러스 보독 유무 및 대상 총채벌레를 동시에 분석하였다. 이 결과 바이러스 보독충 비율은 최대 30%를 기록하며 연중 지속적으로 검출되었는데 이들 모두는 대만총채벌레로 판명되었다. 이상의 결과는 시설 고추재배지에서 꽃노랑총채벌레는 고추 수확기에 최성기를 이루며 고추에 직접피해를 줄 가능성이 높으며, 대만총채벌레는 높은 바이러스 보독율로 고추의 간접피해를 유발할 위험성이 있다는 것을 각각 제시하고 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 공동연구사업(과제번호: PJ01578901)의 지원에 의해 이루어졌다. 이 논문은 또한 안동대학교 기본연구지원사업에 의하여 지원되었다.

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