Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Ventilation at Supra-Optimal Temperature Leading High Relative Humidity Controls Powdery Mildew, Silverleaf Whitefly, Mite and Inhibits the Flowering of Korean Melon in a Greenhouse Cultivation

참외 시설 재배 시 고온에서의 환기 처리에 의한 상대습도 상승과 흰가루병, 담배가루이, 응애 방제 및 개화 억제

  • Seo, Tae Cheol (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Jin Hyun (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Seung Yu (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Cho, Myeong Whan (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Man Kwon (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Ryu, Hee Ryong (R&D Performance Evaluation &Management Division, Research Policy Bureau, RDA) ;
  • Shin, Hyun Ho (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Choung Keun (Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA)
  • 서태철 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 김진현 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 김승유 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 조명환 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 최만권 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 류희룡 (농촌진흥청 연구정책국 연구성과관리과) ;
  • 신현호 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 이충근 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소)
  • Received : 2021.11.04
  • Accepted : 2022.01.19
  • Published : 2022.01.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ventilation at high temperature on the control of powdery mildew, silverleaf whitefly two-spotted spider mite occurred at Korean melon cultivation greenhouse, and on leaf rolling and flowering of the plant in summer season. 'Alchanggul' grafted onto 'Hidden Power' rootstock was planted on soil bed with the distance of 40 cm. Three ventilation temperatures of 45℃, 40℃, and 35℃ as set points were compared. Ventilation treatment was done by control of side window operation from 18th June to 13th July when silverleaf whitefly, mite, and powdery mildew were occurred in all greenhouses. The temperature inside greenhouse was increased up to the set temperature point on sunny days and maintained for about 9 hours with high relative humidity at 45℃ condition. The differences of day maximum air temperature and day minimum RH were the highest at 45℃ treatment. After 11 days of treatments, the damage by powdery mildew and two-spotted spider mite was almost recovered at 45℃ treatment but not at 40 and 35℃. The population of silverleaf whitefly and two-spotted spider mite were significantly decreased at 45℃ treatment at 14 days after treatment, while powdery mildew symptom was not significantly decreased. Leaf rolling was observed at high temperature but not severe at 45℃ treatment. After 26 days of treatments, female flowers did not bloom at all at 45℃ treatment, and the number of male flowers was 1.2 among 15 nodes of newly grown shoots. As the result, it indicates that ventilation at the high temperature of 45℃ for about 2 to 3 weeks can be an applicable method to control above mentioned pests and disease, and to recover the vegetative growth of Korean melon by reducing flowering of the plant.

본 연구는 참외 재배 지에서 흰가루병, 담배가루이 및 두점박이응애가 동시에 발생하였을 때 45, 40, 35℃(대조구)의 온도에서 측창으로 환기 처리 시, 온실 내 온·습도의 변화, 병충해 발생과 잎말림, 그리고 개화조절에 미치는 효과를 검토하였다. 3월 3일 '히든파워' 대목에 접붙여진 '알찬꿀' 참외를 40cm 간격으로 격리상에 심었고, 위에 언급한 병해충이 모든 처리구에서 발생한 6월 18일부터 7월 13일까지 처리하였다. 온실의 온도는 맑은 날에는 설정 온도 지점까지 증가되었고, 45℃ 환기 처리에서 고온 고습이 약 9시간 동안 유지되었다. 주간 최고 기온과 최저 상대습도 차이는 45℃ 환기 처리에서 가장 높았다. 환기 처리 11일 후에는 흰가루병과 두점박이응애 피해가 45℃ 환기 처리에서 거의 회복되었지만 40℃와 35℃에서는 그렇지 않았다. 처리 14일 후, 담배가루이와 두점박이 응애 밀도는 45℃에서 유의하게 감소하였으나 흰가루병 증상은 유의하게 감소하지는 않았다. 잎말림은 고온에서 유발되었으나 45℃에서도 심하지 않았다. 처리 26일 후, 새로 나온 줄기의 15 마디의 개화수를 조사한 결과, 45℃에서 암꽃이 전혀 나오지 않았고 수꽃은 1.2개로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는, 고온기에 45℃의 고온에서 2-3주간 환기 처리는 온실 내부의 고온 고습을 유도하여 흰가루병, 담배가루이, 두점박이응애를 통제하고, 개화를 억제하여 참외의 영양 생장을 회복할 수 있는 방법으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was made possible by the support of the Rural Development Administration Research Project (PJ01532701).

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