Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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The Danger-Associated Peptide PEP1 Directs Cellular Reprogramming in the Arabidopsis Root Vascular System

  • Dhar, Souvik (School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyoujin (School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Segonzac, Cecile (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Young (School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2021.07.30
  • Accepted : 2021.09.22
  • Published : 2021.11.30
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Abstract

When perceiving microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or plant-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), plants alter their root growth and development by displaying a reduction in the root length and the formation of root hairs and lateral roots. The exogenous application of a MAMP peptide, flg22, was shown to affect root growth by suppressing meristem activity. In addition to MAMPs, the DAMP peptide PEP1 suppresses root growth while also promoting root hair formation. However, the question of whether and how these elicitor peptides affect the development of the vascular system in the root has not been explored. The cellular receptors of PEP1, PEPR1 and PEPR2 are highly expressed in the root vascular system, while the receptors of flg22 (FLS2) and elf18 (EFR) are not. Consistent with the expression patterns of PEP1 receptors, we found that exogenously applied PEP1 has a strong impact on the division of stele cells, leading to a reduction of these cells. We also observed the alteration in the number and organization of cells that differentiate into xylem vessels. These PEP1-mediated developmental changes appear to be linked to the blockage of symplastic connections triggered by PEP1. PEP1 dramatically disrupts the symplastic movement of free green fluorescence protein (GFP) from phloem sieve elements to neighboring cells in the root meristem, leading to the deposition of a high level of callose between cells. Taken together, our first survey of PEP1-mediated vascular tissue development provides new insights into the PEP1 function as a regulator of cellular reprogramming in the Arabidopsis root vascular system.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank the members of the Lee lab for assisting in the experiments at various stages. This work was supported by the grants NRF-2018R1A5A1023599 to J.Y.L. and C.S. and NRF-2021R1A2C3006061 to J.Y.L. from National Research Foundation of Korea. S.D. was supported by the Brain Korea 21 Plus Program. H.K. was supported by WooDuk Foundation.

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