Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX (지적과 국토정보)

LX Spatial Information Research Institute (한국국토정보공사 공간정보연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Formation Process of Korea Concession and Land Related Problems

한국의 조계 형성 과정과 당시 토지문제에 관한 연구

  • Park, Jungil (Department of Land Administration, Mokpo National University)
  • Received : 2019.05.03
  • Accepted : 2019.06.18
  • Published : 2019.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study analyses land related problems and its features which stems from a concession established by the imperialist countries from the late Joseon Dynasty to the Japanese colonial period. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, literature review related to the installation of the treaty ports and a concession was conducted and a chronological analysis was applied. As a result of the study, the East China Sea and the Japan were opened by the Western powers in prior to the East Asia region, Korea was an open harbor port led by Japan, which had experience installing an open harbor. In this circumstance there was a system that allowed foreigners to freely reside and exercise exertion rights (exercise one's extraterritoriality), which was a disadvantage to Joseon. In addition, the Japanese-style land area unit "Pyeong" was used in Japan's highly influential prefecture, and later became the basis of the unit of land used in the 1910 land survey project.

본 연구는 조선 말기부터 일제강점기까지 제국주의 국가에 의해 설치되었던 조계의 특징과 토지문제에 관해 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 개항장과 조계 설치 관련 문헌을 검토하고 연대기적 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 동아시아 지역은 서구 열강에 의해 중국과 일본이 앞서 개항하게 되었으며, 우리나라에도 개항장 설치 경험이 있던 일본의 주도로 개항장이 설치되었다. 결국 조선의 개항장에서 외국인이 자유로이 거주하며 치외법권을 누릴 수 있는 조계가 설치되었는데, 이는 조선에 불리한 형태였다. 또한 일본의 영향력이 높은 조계 내에는 일본식 토지 면적 단위인 '평'이 사용되었고, 이후 1910년 토지조사사업에서 사용된 면적단위의 기초가 되었다.

Keywords

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_f0001.png 이미지

Figure 1. Shameen Map (1920~1929)

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_f0002.png 이미지

Figure 2. Gunsan Concession Map (1920~1929)

Table 1. Treaty of Nanking(1842)

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Convention of Kanagawa(1854)

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Treaty port of Joseon

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Population of Incheon (1905)

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Real estate transaction problem

HGGTBM_2019_v49n1_145_t0005.png 이미지

References

  1. Kang JA. 2016. Opening of East Asia: from Nanjing Treaty to Ganghwa Treaty. Forum for Korean Contemporary History. 7:56-82.
  2. Kim JK. 2012. The Colonial characteristics of the Korean Open-Port Cities : A Comparison of Spatial Structures in the Open-Port Cities in Korea and China. Korean Independence Movement Research. p. 247-285.
  3. Park CS. 2007. Mokpo as an open port and colonial city. 2007 East Asian Regional Exchange Project Domestic Open-Air City Workshop. p. 13-27.
  4. Song HY. 2015. The history of the area unit pyeong. Traditional Housing Culture. 37:66-73.
  5. Won SM. and Lee CW. Suggestion about the direction of applying color to the sign system for revitalizing the cultural district of treaty port in Incheon -Focused on sign system of each country's leased territory-. Korea Community Design Association. 53.
  6. Lee SH. 1998. Formation and spatial differentiation of modern colonial colonies - Examples of Gunsan City, Research on rice, life, and civilization, 1.
  7. Cha CW. 2012. Incheon settlement and network investigation. Pusan National University Korean National Cultural Institute, Historical Literature Society Joint Conference. p. 1-17.
  8. Choi SH. 2011. The Seaport Nature of Mokpo and the Features in the Formative Process of the Opening to a Trade Port. Korean ethnic culture. 39:166.
  9. Shibuya Shizuaki. 2013. Korean Local Cities seen in Private City Maps under the Japanese rule. World Congress of Korean Studies. 4th Congress. p. 1-17.
  10. National Institute of Korean History. 1996. Embassy of Japan in Korea. 11:153-154.
  11. 總務部外事局. 1910. 鎭南浦.木浦 居留地規則, 朝鮮官內 各國 居留地 關契, 朝鮮總督府記錄物.
  12. 總督官房外事局. 1913. 各國居留地關係書.
  13. 中田孝之介. 1905. 在韓人士名鑑.
  14. 相澤仁助. 1905. 韓國二大港實勢. p.284-285.
  15. Kang OY. Embassy of China in Incheon. [http://www.haeban.org/zbxe/heritageBoard/17368]. Last accessed 15 April 2019.
  16. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. [http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/]. Last accessed 27 April 2019.
  17. City stories with Huh Jung-do. [Interent]. [https://www.u-story.kr]. Last accessed 8 February 2019.
  18. National Library of Australia. [Interent]. [https://www.nla.gov.au/]. Last accessed 8 December 2018.