Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Ocurrence of Clubroot Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae on Kohlrabi in Korea

Plasmodiophora brassicae에 의한 콜라비 뿌리혹병 발생

  • Song, MinA (Eco-friendly Agricultural Research Department, Jeju-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, InYoung (Agricultural Environment Division, Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Song, JeongHeub (Eco-friendly Agricultural Research Department, Jeju-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, KuiJae (Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, HyeonDong (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Galea, Victor (School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland)
  • Received : 2019.01.10
  • Accepted : 2019.02.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

From 2016 to 2018, approximately 15% of kohlrabi were observed displaying significant clubroot symptoms in farmer's fields in Jeju, Korea. The initial infection appeared as hypertrophy of root hairs, and as the disease progressed, galls formation occurred on the main roots, finally disease progress resulted in yellowing and wilting of leaves. Pathogenicity was proven by artificial inoculation of plants with resting spore suspension, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The resting spore is one-celled, spherical and subspherical, colorless, and $3-5{\mu}m$ in diameter. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer rDNA, the causal agent was identified as Plasmodiophora brassicae. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of P. brassicae on kohlrabi in Korea.

2016년부터 2018년까지 제주도내 농가포장에서 재배되고 있는 콜라비에 뿌리혹병 지속적으로 발생(최고발병률 27.2%)했다. 초기 감염은 뿌리털 부분이 정상주 뿌리털에 비해 비대했으며, 병이 진전되면서 뿌리 중심부에 혹이 형성되고, 잎이 시들고 끝이 누렇게 변했다. P. brassicae 휴면포자 현탁액을 이용한 병원성 검정결과 접종 50일 후에 병원성을 나타냈다. 병원균은 콜라비 세포조직 안에 빈 곳 없이 무수히 많은 휴면포자를 형성하며, 휴면포자는 단세포로 무색, 원형 또는 타원형, 크기는 직경 $3-5{\mu}m$이다. 콜라비 뿌리혹병원균의 ITS rDNA 염기서열 분석, 계통수 작성 결과 P. brassicae로 동정했다. 따라서 균학적 특징, 병원성 검정, ITS rDNA 염기서열 비교분석 등의 결과를 바탕으로 이 병은 우리나라에서 지금까지 보고되지 않은 'Plasmodiophora brassicae에 의한 콜라비 뿌리혹병'으로 명명하고자 한다.

Keywords

SMBRCU_2019_v25n1_33_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Typical clubroot symptoms naturally infected kohlrabi caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. (A) The infected crop showing wilt symptoms and plants loss. (B) Galls produced on the roots. (C) Close-up of clubroot symptoms. Clubroot for 50 days after inoculation with resting spores suspension for pathogenicity test.

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Fig. 2. Scanning electron and light micrographs of immature and mature resting spores in clubroot of kohlrabi. (A-E) Resting spores inside cell tissues in clubroot galls. (F) Resting spores released from cell tissues.

SMBRCU_2019_v25n1_33_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic tree obtained through the neighbor-joining method using the MEGA 6.06 program based on the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence of our isolate of Plasmodiophora brassicae, and that of other fungi retrieved from GenBank. The numbers above the nodes are the bootstrap values obtained from 1,000 replicates. The isolates obtained in this study are shown in boldface.

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