DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Rear Diffuser Size on the Driving Performance of a Passenger Car

자동차의 주행 성능에 미치는 리어 디퓨저 크기의 영향

  • Lee, Gyo Woo (Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University)
  • 이교우 (전북대학교 기계설계공학부)
  • Received : 2018.11.21
  • Accepted : 2019.02.01
  • Published : 2019.02.28

Abstract

This study examined the change in driving performance according to the starting position of the rear diffuser of a vehicle. To accomplish this, the CATIA 3D design program was used to model the vehicle with reference to a commercial SUV vehicle and design the rear diffuser to start from 300, 400, and 500 mm from the rear tire. The flow and drag change were analyzed and the change in air flow was confirmed using Fluent, a flow analysis program at a vehicle traveling speed of 60, 100, and 140 km/h. The rear diffuser reduced the lift and drag forces compared to no diffuser regardless of the starting position. This is because if there is a rear diffuser, it will reduce the vortex phenomenon by suppressing the flow separation that occurs when air is drawn out from the rear portion of the vehicle. In this study, the starting point SP 400 was determined to be the optimal condition because the lift force was the smallest at SP 400 and the lift reduction effect was the best.

본 연구는 차량용 리어 디퓨저의 시작 위치에 따른 주행 성능 변화를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 CATIA 3D 설계 프로그램을 이용하여 상용 SUV 차량을 참고하여 차량을 모델링하고 뒤 타이어를 기준으로 300, 400, 500 mm 떨어진 위치부터 리어 디퓨저가 시작되도록 설계했다. 그리고 유동 해석 프로그램인 Fluent를 이용해 차량 주행속도가 60km/h, 100km/h, 140km/h 일 경우를 조건으로 하여 유동해석 후 양력과 항력의 변화를 분석하고 공기의 유선 변화를 확인했다. 해석 결과, 리어 디퓨저는 시작 위치에 상관없이 디퓨저가 없는 경우에 비해 양력과 항력을 감소시켰다. 이는 리어 디퓨저가 있을 경우 공기가 차량 하면부를 지나 후면부로 빠져나올 때 발생하는 박리 현상을 억제하여 와류 현상을 감소시키기 때문이다. 또한 본 연구에서는 SP 400의 조건일 때 양력이 가장 작았고 양력 감소 효과도 가장 좋았기 때문에 주행 중 타이어의 접지력을 최대로 확보할 수 있어서 이 경우를 최적의 조건으로 결정하였다.

Keywords

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. A half shape of a modeling car

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. A schematic showing the rear diffuser

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. A schematic showing volume meshes

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Decrements of lift forces according to velocities

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Decrements of drag forces according to velocities

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0006.png 이미지

Fig. 6. Streamlines for the case of without rear diffuser

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_f0007.png 이미지

Fig. 7. Streamlines on the rear part of the car for the cases of a) without rear diffuser, b) with rear diffuser at SP 500, c) at SP 400, and d) at SP 300

Table 1. Dimensions of a real car and a modeling

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Lift forces according to velocities and starting points of rear diffuser

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Drag forces according to velocities and starting points of rear diffuser

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n2_655_t0003.png 이미지

References

  1. D. Mitra, "Effect of relative wind on notch back car with add-on parts", International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Vol.2, No.4, pp.472-476, 2010. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijest.v2i4.59281
  2. V. N. Kumar, K. L. Narayan, L. N. V. N. Rao, and Y. S. Ram, "Investigation of Drag and Lift Forces over the Profile of Car with Rearspoiler using CFD", International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research, Vol.1, No.9, pp.331-339, 2015. https://doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i8.2510
  3. X. X. Hu and E. T. T. Wong, "A Numerical Study On Rear-spoiler Of Passenger Vehicle", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.57, pp.636-641, 2011.
  4. S. O. Kang, S. O. Jun, H. I. Park, K. S. Song, J. D. Kee, K. H. Kim and D. H. Lee, "ACTIVELY TRANSLATING A REAR DIFFUSER DEVICE FOR THE AERODYNAMIC DRAG REDUCTION OF A PASSENGER CAR", International Journal of Automotive Technology, Vol.13, No.4, pp.538-592, 2012.
  5. K. S. Song, S. O. Kang, S. O. Jun, H. I. Park, J. D. Kee, K. H. Kim and D. H. Lee, "Effects on Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of a Passenger Car by Rear Body Shape Modifications", Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, Vol.19, No.4, pp.137-145, 2011.
  6. C. Lai, Y. Kohama, S. Obayashi and S. Jeong, "Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Influence of Vehicle Rear Diffuser Angle on Aerodynamic Drag and Wake Structure", International Journal of Automotive Engineering, Vol.2, No.2, pp.47-53, 2011. https://doi.org/10.20485/jsaeijae.2.2_47