Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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The Effect of Entrepreneurship of University Start-up Club Members on the Effectiveness of Start-up Club: Focus on the Moderating Effect of Club Members' Diversity

대학교 창업동아리원의 기업가정신이 동아리 효과성에 미치는 영향: 동아리 구성원 다양성의 조절효과를 중심으로

  • Shin, Jeong-Shin (Sunchon National University, Division of Business and Commerce) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Eun (Sunchon National University, Division of Business and Commerce)
  • Received : 2018.09.03
  • Accepted : 2018.10.31
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

In recent years, as interest in youth startup has increased, the Korean government has established various policies to support young entrepreneurs and actively implements such policies. Especially, as a way to promote youth startup, the development of startup clubs in universities is being suggested, and the importance of startup clubs is growing day by day. As reflected in these points, the Korean government is increasing its budget every year to support the startup clubs of universities, and actively supports the funds and space required for the startup clubs of universities. Unfortunately, however, despite the growing importance of startup clubs and the active support of the government for the startup clubs, academic attempts to see how effectively the startup clubs are operating are not enough. For this reason, this study analyzes the effect of entrepreneurship of university start-up club members on the effectiveness of start-up club. More specifically, in this study, entrepreneurship of club members is classified as risk-taking propensity, proactiveness, and innovativeness, as emphasized in previous researches. We empirically analyzed the effects of these independent variables on the effectiveness of the start-up clubs, focusing on the moderating effect of club members' diversity. We conducted empirical analyses on 1112 start-up club members from 12 universities located in Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do, and the analysis results are as follows. First, the entrepreneurship of the start-up club members, namely risk taking propensity, proactiveness and innovativeness, all have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the start-up club. These results are consistent with the emphasis of many previous studies. The higher the tendency to take risks, the more inclined to move forward through difficulties, and the higher the tendency to break out of the existing framework and pursue new things, suggesting that the effectiveness of the club is enhanced. Second, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of the club members' diversity, it was found that club members' diversity moderates the relationship between the proactiveness of club members and club effectiveness in the negative (-) direction. In other words, the positive effect of the entrepreneurship of club members on the effectiveness of the start-up club means that the proactiveness is weakened in the case of a club having members from different major backgrounds. The results of this study are expected to provide meaningful theoretical and practical implications by identifying the influencing factors of the start-up club's effectiveness, which has not received much attention so far.

최근 사회적으로 청년창업에 대한 관심이 증대되면서, 정부는 다양한 창업지원 정책들을 수립하고 적극적으로 그러한 정책들을 수행하고 있다. 특히, 청년창업을 활성화하기 위한 한 방안으로써 창업동아리의 육성이 제시되고 있으며, 창업동아리의 중요성은 날로 커져가고 있다. 이를 반영하듯, 정부는 대학교의 창업동아리를 지원하기 위한 예산을 매년 늘려가며 창업동아리에게 필요한 자금과 공간을 적극적으로 지원하고 있다. 하지만 안타깝게도 늘어가는 창업동아리의 중요성과 정부의 적극적인 지원에도 불구하고 창업동아리가 얼마나 효과적으로 운영되고 있는지를 살펴보려는 학술적 시도는 아직 충분하지 못한 것이 사실이다. 이러한 이유로 본 연구에서는 대학교 창업동아리원의 기업가정신이 창업동아리의 효과성에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 보다 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 선행연구에서 강조하는 바와 같이 창업동아리원의 기업가정신을 위험감수성, 진취성, 혁신성으로 구분하고 이러한 요인들이 창업동아리의 효과성에 미치는 영향을 창업동아리 구성원 다양성의 조절효과를 중심으로 실증 분석한다. 전라남북도 소재 12개 대학교 1112명의 창업동아리 구성원들을 대상으로 실증분석을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업동아리 구성원의 기업가정신 즉, 위험감수성, 진취성 및 혁신성은 모두 창업동아리의 효과성에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 많은 선행연구들이 강조하는 것과 일치되는 결과로서 위험을 감수하려는 성향이 높을수록, 어려움을 헤치고 앞으로 나아가려는 성향이 높을수록, 그리고 기존의 틀을 탈피하고 새로운 것을 추구하는 성향이 높을수록 창업동아리의 효과성이 높아진다는 것을 시사한다. 둘째, 창업동아리 구성원 다양성의 조절효과를 검증한 결과 창업동아리 구성원 다양성은 동아리원들의 진취성과 동아리 효과성 간의 관계를 부(-)의 방향으로 조절한다는 증거가 발견되었다. 즉, 창업동아리 구성원의 진취성이 창업동아리의 효과성에 미치는 긍정적인 영향은 다양한 전공의 동아리 구성원을 보유한 동아리의 경우 그러한 긍정적인 경향이 약화된다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과는 그동안 상대적으로 많은 관심을 받지 못했던 창업동아리의 효과성의 영향요인들을 규명함으로써, 향후 창업동아리에 관한 후속 연구를 진행함에 있어 의미 있는 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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