Browse > Article

The Effect of Entrepreneurship of University Start-up Club Members on the Effectiveness of Start-up Club: Focus on the Moderating Effect of Club Members' Diversity  

Shin, Jeong-Shin (Sunchon National University, Division of Business and Commerce)
Lee, Jae-Eun (Sunchon National University, Division of Business and Commerce)
Publication Information
Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship / v.13, no.5, 2018 , pp. 41-54 More about this Journal
Abstract
In recent years, as interest in youth startup has increased, the Korean government has established various policies to support young entrepreneurs and actively implements such policies. Especially, as a way to promote youth startup, the development of startup clubs in universities is being suggested, and the importance of startup clubs is growing day by day. As reflected in these points, the Korean government is increasing its budget every year to support the startup clubs of universities, and actively supports the funds and space required for the startup clubs of universities. Unfortunately, however, despite the growing importance of startup clubs and the active support of the government for the startup clubs, academic attempts to see how effectively the startup clubs are operating are not enough. For this reason, this study analyzes the effect of entrepreneurship of university start-up club members on the effectiveness of start-up club. More specifically, in this study, entrepreneurship of club members is classified as risk-taking propensity, proactiveness, and innovativeness, as emphasized in previous researches. We empirically analyzed the effects of these independent variables on the effectiveness of the start-up clubs, focusing on the moderating effect of club members' diversity. We conducted empirical analyses on 1112 start-up club members from 12 universities located in Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do, and the analysis results are as follows. First, the entrepreneurship of the start-up club members, namely risk taking propensity, proactiveness and innovativeness, all have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the start-up club. These results are consistent with the emphasis of many previous studies. The higher the tendency to take risks, the more inclined to move forward through difficulties, and the higher the tendency to break out of the existing framework and pursue new things, suggesting that the effectiveness of the club is enhanced. Second, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of the club members' diversity, it was found that club members' diversity moderates the relationship between the proactiveness of club members and club effectiveness in the negative (-) direction. In other words, the positive effect of the entrepreneurship of club members on the effectiveness of the start-up club means that the proactiveness is weakened in the case of a club having members from different major backgrounds. The results of this study are expected to provide meaningful theoretical and practical implications by identifying the influencing factors of the start-up club's effectiveness, which has not received much attention so far.
Keywords
Risk Taking Propensity; Proactiveness; Innovativeness; Diversity of Start-up Club Members; Effectiveness of Start-up Club;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Gavgani, A. N., Aghazadeh, S. M, & Kheirabadi, M.(2015). A Survey on Relation between Customer Relationship Management and Organizational Effectiveness: The Case Study of Emam Reza Hospital in Tabriz, Extensive Journal of Applied Sciences, 4(1), 19-28.
2 Gupta, V., MacMillan, I. C., & Surie, G.(2004). Entrepreneurial Leadership: Developing and Measuring a Cross-cultural Construct. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(2), 241-260.   DOI
3 Gurel, E., Altinay, L., & Daniele, R.(2010). Tourism Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions, Annals of Tourism Research, 37(3), 646-669.   DOI
4 Gurol, Y., & Atsan, N.(2006), Entrepreneurial Characteristics amongst University Students: Some insights for Entrepreneurship Education and Training in Turkey. Education and Training, 48(1), 25-38.   DOI
5 Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C.(1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
6 Hambrick, D. C., & D'Aveni, R. A.(1992). Top Team Deterioration as Part of the Downward Spiral of Large Corporate Bankruptcies, Management Science, 38(10), 1445-1466.   DOI
7 Hewstone, M., Rubin, M., & Willis, H.(2002). Intergroup Bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 53(1), 575-604.   DOI
8 Hisrich, R. D., Peters, P. M., & Shepard, D. A.(2008). Entrepreneurship. McGraw Hill Education.
9 Hmieleski, K. M. & Corbett, A. C.(2006). Proclivity for Improvisation as a Predictor of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(1), 45-63.   DOI
10 Hong, H. S., & Seol, B. M.(2013). Effects of Entrepreneurship Education and Students' Business Incubation Club on Youth Start-ups, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 141-151.   DOI
11 Yang, Y. S., & Kim, M. S.(2015). An Assessment Study for the Impact of Startup Club Activity by Bizcool Students on their Entrepreneurship Will and Maturing their Career Path, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 10(5), 233-240.   DOI
12 Walz, S. M., & Niehoff, B. P.(2000), Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Their Relationship to Organizational Effectiveness, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 24(3), 301-319.   DOI
13 Wiersema, M. F., & Bantel, K.(1992). Top Management Team Demography and Corporate Strategic Change, Academy of Management Journal, 35(1), 91-121.   DOI
14 Williams, K., & O'Reilly, C. A.(1998). Demography and Diversity in Organizations: A Review of 40 Years of Research, In Staw, B. M. and Cummings, L. L.(eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, JAI Press: Greenwich, 77-140.
15 Yoo, B. H.(2013). The Effect of Young Entrepreneurs' Psychological Characteristics and Intrinsic Motivation on the Possibility of Sart-up Success, Korean Journal of Business Administration, 26(10), 2669-2690.
16 Yoon, B. S., & Hong, H. S.(2004). A Study on the Present Condition for Organization of Korean College Student Entrepreneur Club and How to Activate It, Journal of Entrepreneurship and Venture Studies, 7(1), 265-299.
17 Jackson, S. E.(1992). Consequences of Group Composition for the Interpersonal Dynamics of Strategic Issue Processing, In Shrivastava, P., Huff, A. and Dutton, J.(eds), Advances in Strategic Management, JAI Press: Greenwich, 345-382.
18 Zacharakis, A. L.(1997). Entrepreneurial Entry into Foreign Markets: A Transaction Cost Perspective, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(3), 23-40.   DOI
19 Zhang, P., Wang, D. D., & Owen, C. L.(2015). A Study of Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students, Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(1), 61-82.   DOI
20 Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hill, G. E.(2005). The Mediating Role of Self-efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272.   DOI
21 Ju, H. J., & Kim, J. G.(2015). The Influence of Convergence Corporate Cultural Management Activities upon Organizational Effectiveness: Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Organizational Communication, Journal of Digital Convergence, 13(8), 191-206.   DOI
22 Jackson, S. E., Joshi, A., & Erhardt, N. L.(2003). Recent Research on Team and Organizational Diversity: SWOT Analysis and Implications, Journal of Management, 29(6), 801-830.   DOI
23 Jang, S. H., & Ma, Y. J.(2011). The Effects of Entrepreneurship and Market Orientation on the Social Performance of Social Enterprise: Focused on the Gender Differences, Journal of Industrial Economics and Business, 24(5), 2777-2802.
24 Jo, Y. J., & Lee, S. H.(2012). A Study on the Influence of Entrepreneurial Characteristic of Entrepreneurial Intentions, Focused on the Mediating Effects of Entrepreneurial Performance, The Society of Digital Policy and Management, 10(5), 143-154
25 Kang, H. S., & Kim, H. G.(2013). A Study on the Influence of Satisfaction for the Foundation Circle Members via Supporting Activities of Entrepreneurship Organizations, Journal of the Engineering & Arts Society in Korea, 5(1), 63-74.
26 Kang, J. H., & Ha, K. S.(2015). A Study of Effect of Self-leadership by College Student on Recognition of Opportunity on Establishment of Company and Will of Establishing Company: Centered on Mediated Effect of Entrepreneurship, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 10(4), 1-12.
27 Kickul, J., & Gundry, L. K.(2002). Prospecting for Strategic Advantage: The Proactive Entrepreneurial Personality and Small Firm Innovation, Journal of Small Business Management, 40(2), 85-97.   DOI
28 Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A.(1998). Does Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers?, Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295-316.   DOI
29 Zheng, W., Yang, B., & McLean, G. N.(2010). Linking Organizational Culture, Structure, Strategy, and Organizational Effectiveness: Mediating Role of Knowledge Management, Journal of Business Research, 63(7), 763-771.   DOI
30 창업진흥원(2018). 2017년 대학 창업통계 조사 결과 보고서, 대전: 창업진흥원.
31 Kimberly, J. R.(1981). Managerial Innovation, In Nystrom, P. C. and Starbuck, W. H.(eds), Handbook of Organizational Design, New York: Oxford University Press, 84-104.
32 Kim, K. S., & Lee, K. H.(2005). Organizational Culture and Effectiveness of Executive Agency in Korea, Korean Public Administration Review, 39(3), 179-203.
33 Kim, Y. H., Ryu, E. Y., & Ryu, B. G.(2012). The Effect of Organizational Environment and Organizational Structure on the Organizational Effectiveness, Korean Public Personnel Administration Review, 11(3), 185-215.
34 Kim, Y. J., Kwon, Y. K. & Yoon, H. H.(2014). A Study on the Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Intention of College/University Students, Journal of Food service Management Society of Korea, 17(2), 7-26.
35 Knight, D., Pearce, C. L., Smith, K. G., Olian, J. D., Sims, H. P., Smith, K. A., & Flood, P.(1999). Top Management Team Diversity, Group Process, and Strategic Consensus, Strategic Management Journal, 20(5), 445-465.   DOI
36 Koh, H. C.(1996). Testing Hypotheses of Entrepreneurial Characteristics A Study of Hong Kong MBA Students, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11(3), 12-25.   DOI
37 Learned, K. E.(1992). What Happened before the Organization? A Model of Organization Formation, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 17(1), 39-49.   DOI
38 Lee, J. E., Kang, J. W., & Park, J. M.(2017). The Effect of Youth Entrepreneurship on the Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Social Support, Productivity Review, 31(1), 113-141.   DOI
39 Low, M. B., & MacMillan, I. C.(1988). Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future Challenges, Journal of Management, 14(2), 139-161.   DOI
40 Lee, J. H.(2013). A Study on the Ways to Vitalize Students' Entrepreneurship, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 63-74.   DOI
41 Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M.(1993). The Proactive Component of Organizational Behavior: A Measure and Correlate, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103-118.   DOI
42 Ahn, T. U., & Lee, I. A.(2017). The Effects of Mentoring Education on Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on College Start-up Clubs Activity Moderating Effects, Korean Journal of Local Government & Administration Studies, 31(3), 141-160.
43 Ancona, D., & Caldwell, D.(1992). Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance, Organization Science, 3(3), 321-341.   DOI
44 Bantel, K. A., & Jackson, S. E.(1989). Top Management and Innovation in Banking: Does the Composition of the Top Team make a Difference?, Strategic Management Journal, 10(S1), 107-124.   DOI
45 Becherer, R. C., & Maurer, J. G.(1999). The Proactive Personality Disposition and Entrepreneurial Behavior among Small Company Presidents, Journal of Small Business Management, 37(1), 28-36.
46 Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J.(1998). What Makes an Entrepreneur? Journal of Labor Economics, 16(1), 26-60.   DOI
47 Oh, H. H.(2017). A Study on the Recognition about Foundation for University Start-up Club using the Q-methodology, Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 12(3), 219-237.   DOI
48 Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G.(1996). Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance, Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.   DOI
49 Milliken, F. J., & Martins, L. L.(1996). Searching for Common Threads: Understanding the Multiple Effects of Diversity in Organizational Groups. Academy of Management Review, 21(2), 402-433.   DOI
50 Mueller, S. L., & Thomas, A. S.(2001). Culture and Entrepreneurial Potential: A nine Country Study of Locus of Control and Innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(1), 51-75.   DOI
51 Ozaralli, N., & Rivenburgh, N.(2016). Entrepreneurial Intention: Antecedents to Entrepreneurial Behavior in the U.S.A. and Turkey. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 6(3), 1-32.
52 Park, S. Y., & Song, Y. S.(2008). Different Perceptions on College-graduated Employee's Competency: HRD Practitioners vs. College Students. Journal of Corporate Education and Talent Research, 10(1), 27-45.
53 Chen, M. H.(2007), Entrepreneurial Leadership and New Ventures: Creativity on Entrepreneurial Teams, Creativity and Innovation Management, 16(3), 239-249.   DOI
54 Brewer, M.(1979). In-group Bias in the Minimal Intergroup Situation: A Cognitive-motivational Analysis, Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 307-324.   DOI
55 Brewer, M., & Brown, R.(1998). Intergroup Relations, in Gilber, D. and Fiske, S.(eds), Handbook of Social Psychology, Boston: McGraw-Hill, 553-594.
56 Schumpeter, J. A.(1983). The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle, Mass: Harvard University Press.
57 Seon, H. Y.(2011). The Differences in Career Maturity and Purpose of Entering Graduate School Among Undergraduates, Graduate Students, and Returning-adults Students, Understanding of Human, 32(2), 165-179.
58 Sequeira, J., Mueller, S. L., & McGee, J. E.(2007). The Influence of Social Ties and Self-efficacy in Forming Entrepreneurial Intentions and Motivating Nascent Behavior, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 21(3), 275-293.
59 Chang, S. D., & Lee, J. H.(2014). An Empirical Study of Students' Start-Up Activities: Integrated Approach of Student-Focused Cognitive Model and Supportive Activities of University, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 9(4), 65-76.
60 Chatterjee, S., Hadi, A. S., & Price, B.(2006). Regression Analysis by Example, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience.
61 Cho, W. G., Jung, H. M., & Park, C. Y.(2016). A Study on Influential Factors on the Foundation Intentions of Start-up Student Groups, Journal of Korea Regional Economics, 33, 69-89
62 Choi, Y. S., Lee, J. E., Kang, J. W., Kim, S. G., & Han, G. R.(2016). Youth Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Scholastic Performance, Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(5), 15-27.   DOI
63 Sitkin, S. B., & Pablo, A. L.(1992). Reconceptualizing the Determinants of Risk Behavior, Academy of Management Review, 17(1), 9-38.   DOI
64 Sexton, D. L., & Bowman, N. B.(1986). Validation of Personality Index: Comparative Psychological Characteristics Analysis of Female Entrepreneurs, Managers, Entrepreneurship Students and Business Students, Wellesley, MA: Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 40-51.
65 Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S.(2000). The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research, Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226.   DOI
66 Shin, J. C., Youn, S. J., Jung, J. S., Lee, S. Y., & Jung, H. J.(2011). Structural Characteristics of Undergraduate Subject Major Curriculum in Korea, Asian Journal of Education, 12(1), 69-91.   DOI
67 Sitkin, S. B., & Weingart, L. R.(1995). Determinants of Risky Decision-making Behavior: A Test of the Mediating Role of Risk Perceptions and Risk Propensity, Academy of Management Journal, 38(6), 1573-1592.   DOI
68 Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K.(1995). Toward a Theory of Organizational Culture and Effectiveness, Organization Science, 6(2), 204-223.   DOI
69 Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P.(1991). A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm Behavior, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-26.   DOI
70 Cox, T.(1994). Cultural Diversity in Organizations: Theory, Research, and Practice, San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
71 Drucker, P.(1985), Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles, New York: Haper and Row.
72 Drucker, P.(1986). Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices, New York: Truman Talley Books.
73 Etzioni, A.(1964). Modern Organizations, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
74 Timmons, J. A., & Spinelli, S.(1999)0 New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century, McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
75 Smith, K. G., Smith, K. A., O'Bannon, D. P., Olian, J. D., Sims, H. P., & Scully, J.(1994). Top Management Team Demography and Process: The Role of Social Integration and Communication, Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(3), 412-438.   DOI
76 Song, S. S., & Lee, T. S.(2015). The Effect of Social Capital on the Effectiveness of Organization: Focuseed on the Medium Effect of Organizational Immersion, The Korean Journal of Local Government Studies, 18(4), 459-480.
77 Tajfel, H., & Turner, J.(1986). The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior, In Worchel, S. and Austin, W.(eds), Psychology of Intergroup Relations, Chicago: Nelson-Hall Publishers.